世界华文媒体的政治版图一北京对海外华文媒体的控制(一)

<p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="font-size:16.0pt;font-family:黑体">一、华文媒体的生态变化</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">自上世纪</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">90</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">年代中期开始,世界各国华文媒体进入政治上的重新定位及量的扩张时期。这种变化,既与华人移民数量及原居地构成变化有关,也与中国的经济实力增长及国际地位变化有关。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">更重要的是,北京当局此时已经意识到将华文媒体作为政治工具的重要性,通过它可以控制海外华人并通过华人社团影响其所在国政治,可以很好地&#8220;维护中国形象&#8221;。</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/Admin/Desktop/Mediacontrol-oversea.doc#_edn1" name="_ednref1"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">[1]</span></sup></span></sup></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">中国的外宣负责人经常引用一个调查数据说明这一重要性:在美国少数民族中,</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">1/4</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">的人依赖本民族语言媒体获取信息并表达自己的意见。这类媒体的价值观、影响力超过所住国媒体的影响。西方许多媒体将这类媒体称之为</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">躲藏在平常人视野之后的巨人</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">。</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/Admin/Desktop/Mediacontrol-oversea.doc#_edn2" name="_ednref2"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">[2]</span></sup></span></sup></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><br /> </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">  既然华文媒体对海外华人能产生如此重要的影响,中国经济上崛起之后,通过金钱统战并创办华文媒体,就构成中国&#8220;大外宣&#8221;计划的重要组成部分。本章主要以美国华文媒体为研究对象。理由如下:</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">第一,在西方国家中,欧洲的华文报纸无论从质还是从量上,均逊于美国;</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/Admin/Desktop/Mediacontrol-oversea.doc#_edn3" name="_ednref3"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">[3]</span></sup></span></sup></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">第二,美国在中国外交中居于第一位置,因而也是中国&#8220;大外宣&#8221;的主要攻略目标。</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">1</span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:黑体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">、</span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">20</span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:黑体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">世纪</span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">80</span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:黑体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">年代以前:华文媒体的政治取向多元化</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">以美国为例,自</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">20</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">世纪</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">50~60</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体;">年代放宽移民限制之后,大批港、台移民来此定居,许多港、台留学生也改变身份成为移民。与早期华人移民相比,这批移民大多拥有较为雄厚的经济基础和较高的学历,成功地跻身为美国中产阶级行列。华人移民数量的增多</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">(在</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">240</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">万</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">-260</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">万之间)、聚居区域的形成</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">及移民文化层次的提高,为华人报纸的兴起提供了社会条件。一批以港台移民为发行对象的报刊率先创办,香港《星岛日报》在美国印刷、发行,台湾联合报系则在美国创办《世界日报》。</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">美国华文报纸的市场定位与移民的政治倾向及文化偏好有关,而移民的政治倾向及文化偏好又与其原居地的政治形态有很大关系。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">从语言与历史传承看,香港、台湾与中国大陆同属&#8220;中华民族&#8221;这一种群,但自</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">20</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">世纪中期以后,两岸三地在社会制度、文化环境、生活方式等方面多有不同,由此决定了两岸三地的居民在政治理念、价值取向以及目标诉求等方面亦有巨大的差异,</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体">这种差异决定了三地移民的价值取向与阅读偏好不同。华文媒体要想生存,必须适应这种口味不同的偏好,找准读者定位。也因此,市场本来就不大的华文媒体还被切割成为港、台、大陆读者三个不同的媒体群。</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">  </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">从华文媒体的<span style="color:#C00000">资金</span>来源分析,最开始有居美华侨自营及港台报业财团投资等各种形态。以美国为例,上世纪</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">90</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">年代中期以前,华文媒体大致为三种资金来源:</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">  第一类是有大陆背景的华文报纸。这类报纸的<span style="color:#C00000">资金来源</span>分两种情况,一是中国政府或新闻媒体在美国投资经营的,这种类型包括《侨报》(国务院侨务办公室投资</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">)、《新民晚报》(母报是上海《新民晚报》)等;二是</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">大陆新移民创办的报纸。这类报纸据说在</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">80</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">年代已经出现,至</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">90</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">年代以后,这类报纸的数量不断跃升。据统计,目前美国华文报纸近百家,其中三分之一以上为中国大陆新移民所办;加拿大约有</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">30</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">多家华文报纸,其中的</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">70%</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">为大陆新移民所办;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">澳洲的</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">20</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">多家华文报刊</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">,其中绝大部分由大陆新移民所办;日本现有华文报刊</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">30</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">余种,其中</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">80%</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">为中国大陆新移民所办。与原有的</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体">港台化&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">华文报纸不同的是,这些报纸无论是形式还是内容都颇为大陆化:报纸的外观设计大部分为横排、右行文,一些报纸使用简化字。在行文风格、话语方式亦与大陆趋同,比如大量引用新华社、</span> <span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">中新社的电讯稿或国内报纸、网站上的信息,大量报道与中国大陆有关的新闻。这种特色是以前的华文报纸不曾具有的。</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/Admin/Desktop/Mediacontrol-oversea.doc#_edn4" name="_ednref4"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Calibri;Times New Roman&quot;;">[4]</span></sup></span></sup></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">随着来自大陆的新移民增多,大陆背景的媒体渐成华文媒体的主流。</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">第二类是港台新闻媒体投资的,比如《星岛日报》(香港)、《世界日报》(台湾《联合报》投资)、《自由时</span> <span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">报》(</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">2000</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">年起改为授权代理)。据业者分析,这些报纸在前</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">5</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">年开拓市场时基本处于亏损状态。</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">上述第一类及第二类报纸由于资本投入大,初期资金充裕时,在全美南加州、北加州、美南、美中、美东等</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">5</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">个市场区域均能见到。经营状态不佳时,则收缩市场。近年来随着互联网的冲击,上述三家港台报纸经营规模日渐缩小。只有《侨报》背后有政府资金,无需自负盈亏,至今在美国东西部大中城市华人聚居区的超市还可见到免费派送的《侨报》。</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">第三类是美国华人自行经营的报纸。这类报纸在</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">21</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">世纪零年代初期还可在一些华人经营的超市见到。后来,随着互联网对传统媒体的冲击日益增大,这些小本经营的报纸慢慢消失,即使存在也是惨淡经营。</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体">媒体的风格往往由受众塑造,这种情况显然使得华文媒体很难走向规模化经营并提升文化品味。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">一些媒体业者对此观察得比较清楚:&#8220;华人群体的大部分,对华文传媒的需求还是比较简单的浅层的。他们在这方面的需求,基本上还是在生活信息、经济信息和周边所发生的事情的领域里,而高品味的深度的中文文化还只是一个较小群体的需求。&#8221;</span> <a href="file:///C:/Users/Admin/Desktop/Mediacontrol-oversea.doc#_edn5" name="_ednref5"><sup><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">[5]</span></sup></span></sup></a></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体">由于资金来源不同,媒体的受众存在政治区隔,整个</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">20</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体">世纪</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">80</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体">年代,华文媒体的党争、政争现象都相当突出。不过这种局面与</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">90</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体">年代以后的媒体价值一元化相比,更符合自由媒体原则。</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:黑体">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">2</span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:黑体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">、</span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">20</span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:黑体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">世纪</span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">90</span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:黑体">年代:华文媒体逐渐向&#8220;祖国大陆&#8221;靠拢</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 24pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">随着</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体">中国经济在全球经济中地位的日益重要,各国</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">来自中国大陆的移民增多,</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体">香港回归日久、台湾岛内政治生态亦发生重大改变,华文传媒港、台、大陆三足鼎立并因政治观点歧异而发生争执的情况到</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">20</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">世纪</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">90</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体">年代已有很大改变。</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 24pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">这一时期,中共政府提出了</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体">和平统一&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">祖国的方针,并形成</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体">一国两制&#8221;的构想,在全球</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">60</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">多个国家成立了</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">100</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体">多个&#8220;中国和平统一促进会&#8221;</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/Admin/Desktop/Mediacontrol-oversea.doc#_edn6" name="_ednref6"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">[6]</span></sup></span></sup></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">,以消解&#8220;台独&#8221;影响为主要目标。在政治环境与读者群体都发生了重大变化之后,众多华文媒体为了生存,逐渐向&#8220;祖国大陆&#8221;靠拢,渐以登载中国大陆的新闻与各种消息为主,价值取向发生极大变化。</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 24pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体">但是,这种靠拢并不能从根本上解决华文媒体的生存,因为华人当中,有一大批人不读中文。在</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">1980~90</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">年代间来自大陆的华人,其中大多数人通过接受教育,进入</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">美国主流社会工作,早已融入互联网时代,很少订阅华文报纸。早期的港澳华人移民的子女即第二代华裔,他们成长于美国的环境中,绝大多数对中文和中国文化很陌生,缺乏亲近和归属感。华文媒体的生存越来越困难。华文媒体人承认:</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体;">今天在美国的华文传媒,能够做到赢利的,是很幸运的少数几家。因为华文传媒的规模和影响的有限,媒体的主要经济来源</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">&#8212;&#8212;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">广告和投资,显然就会困难。&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"> <a href="file:///C:/Users/Admin/Desktop/Mediacontrol-oversea.doc#_edn7" name="_ednref7"><sup><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">[7]</span></sup></sup></a></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;"><br /> </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">这种情况使得中国政府与海外华文媒体产生了一种特殊的供求关系,经济实力日益雄厚的中国政府需要在海外对华侨统战,并愿意为统战工作支付大量金钱;而华文媒体程度大都程度不等地存在着资金困难。基于这种互相需要的&#8220;供求关系&#8221;,中国政府与海外华文媒体之间的合作越来越多,形式也日益多元化。一些聪明的华文媒体从业者预测:&#8220;在全球一片中国热中,美国华文媒体岂能置身事外,如何积极扮演好中国媒体与企业进军美国市场的桥梁与合作伙伴角色,恐怕是未来美国华文媒体发展的关键与机会。&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"> <a href="file:///C:/Users/Admin/Desktop/Mediacontrol-oversea.doc#_edn8" name="_ednref8"><sup><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">[8]</span></sup></sup></a></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">《英中商报》首席执行官杨腾波毫不隐讳地说:&#8220;从某种程度上说,海外中文媒体的发展,也是中国全球影响力发展的一个重要体现。&#8221;这段话等于承认海外华文媒体就是中共延伸至海外的喉舌。</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/Admin/Desktop/Mediacontrol-oversea.doc#_edn9" name="_ednref9"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">[9]</span></sup></span></sup></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">为了在众多华文传媒中引起中国当局关注,华文传媒负责人竟相表达忠诚:&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">要发挥舆论工具的导向功能&#8221;,&#8220;大力宣传和努力推动反独促统(作者注:反对台湾独立,促进大陆统一台湾)是我们海外华文媒体的光荣使命和历史责任。&#8221;</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/Admin/Desktop/Mediacontrol-oversea.doc#_edn10" name="_ednref10"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">[10]</span></sup></span></sup></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;"><br /> </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体">海外华文媒体为何愿意向&#8220;祖国母亲&#8221;靠拢?日本一位华文传媒人参加第三届世界华文传媒论坛之后,回到日本后写了一篇&#8220;在冷静与热情之间&#8221;</span><sup> </sup><a href="file:///C:/Users/Admin/Desktop/Mediacontrol-oversea.doc#_edn11" name="_ednref11"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">[11]</span></sup></span></sup></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体">,谈了他本人对参会的感受。愿意公开表达这种细微的个人感受的文章极为少见,但魔鬼往往存在于细节之中,所以我多摘录几段。</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 24pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体">谈到中国主办方的热情时,作者写道:&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">海外人士在异国他乡学会了低头,学会了忍耐,乍一下回归故园享受嘉宾待遇,还真有点受宠若惊的感觉。开会之外,武汉市政府精心安排了参观活动,湖北省博物馆</span> <span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">里的编钟表演,武汉杂技团的绝活,天下第一楼黄鹤楼,武汉市管理得最好的让温家宝总理感动得落泪的社区,我们都一一观赏或体验了&#8221;。与武汉同样热情的还有会议代表们兵分三路的参观之地,如广东、江西、山西等地。</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 24pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">这种接待的效果显而易见,参会者均&#8220;为海外华文传媒这一世界传媒中的</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体">&#8216;弱势群体&#8217;</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">在华文的故土得到前所未有的重视而欢欣鼓舞&#8221;,感动到开始想自己&#8220;能为这片广袤的故土做些什么?&#8221;接下来,他对另一位参加会议的华人传媒作者文扬所持的&#8220;招安&#8221;说法不以为然,认为&#8220;与其说是</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体">被招安&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">,倒不如说是海外传媒主动</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">靠拢组织</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体;">。已有事实证明,有</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体;">大陆背景</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体;">的海外华文传媒声势更壮大,腰杆挺得更直些&#8221;,</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体;">我承认,主办方对海外华文媒体有所期待,谁能说这种期待对海外辛苦经营的传媒业者来说不是一个方向呢?这次论坛的主题很精练很及时,</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体">&#8230;&#8230;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">给正彷徨着的海外华文传媒提了个醒,报道中国是我们永远的主题,是生命力所在;以自己的方式报道</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体;">中国热</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体;">,是最紧迫的课题。在海外为中国说话,维护中国的利益不必羞羞答答,</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体">&#8230;&#8230;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">的确,能够让五湖四海的同行手牵手,在世界范围形成</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体;">华文网</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体;">,这本身就是了不起的事情。&#8221;</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/Admin/Desktop/Mediacontrol-oversea.doc#_edn12" name="_ednref12"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">[12]</span></sup></span></sup></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;"><br /> </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">以希腊雅典为基地的中文报纸《中希时报》那奇特的生存状态,也许是说明海外华文媒体生存的一个样本。这份周报创办于</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">2005</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">年,每周出版一次。在该报的网站上有着这份报纸的&#8220;简介&#8220;与&#8220;本报大事记&#8221;。有趣的是,该报对自身做为媒体的特质介绍很简略,相当篇幅用来炫耀该报与中国政府及中国官方媒体的关系,比如&#8220;简介&#8221;里说:&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">2006</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">年起,本报陆续与中新社、新华社、中央电视台、凤凰卫视、人民日报海外版等建立长期合作关系,同时在国务院侨办、中宣部等国家机构注册。&#8221;对于该报及其负责人与从业者的业务水平只字未提,最荣耀的事情是&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">2008</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">年</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">3</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">月,和国内外众多媒体一同见证了奥运圣火在希腊奥林匹亚古遗址点燃的神圣瞬间,并作出了大量的文字及图片报道。本报社长吴海龙先生也荣幸的成为全世界海外华侨华人第一火炬手。&#8221;该报创办</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">6</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">年来,所经历的大事一大半是该报全程陪同中国政府高官来访以及该报被邀请参加了中国政府举办的某项活动,如&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">2006</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">年</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">5</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">月,中国全国人大委员长吴邦国访问希腊,本报随团全程采访报道&#8221;;&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;"> 2008</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">年</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">9</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">月,参加由国务院侨办文教宣传司和中国新闻社联合主办的第四届海外华文媒体高级研修班&#8221;;&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">2008</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">年</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">9</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">月,参加由国务院侨办文教宣传司和中国新闻社联合主办的第四届海外华文媒体高级研修班&#8221;;&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">2008</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">年</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">11</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;">月,中国国家主席胡锦涛访问希腊,本报记者随代表团全程采访报道,本报也有幸得到了代表团成员的指点和好评&#8221;。</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/Admin/Desktop/Mediacontrol-oversea.doc#_edn13" name="_ednref13"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">[13]</span></sup></span></sup></a></p> <p style="text-indent: 24pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:宋体;">如果不是该报网站上有时出现&#8220;本报&#8221;及&#8220;采访&#8221;等字样,这个网站的内容很象中国的基层政府机构对自己的介绍,这类介绍的重点就是列举自己受到上级政府机构重视的各种&#8220;业绩&#8221;。</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 24pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">这些华文媒体的负责人有不少是当年千方百计从大陆移民至海外者,为什么现在却表现出这种与他们移民初衷完全相反的态度?关键还是生存压力,在华文媒体当中,认为&#8220;有大陆背景的华文媒体腰杆粗壮&#8221;已经成为共识,许多华文媒体将自己有大陆背景引以为重要的社会资本,并以此获得中国驻外领馆的信任与支持。一些老华文媒体因为在背景上无法与后来的新办媒体竞争,对此颇有怨言。美国休斯顿一家华文媒体的总编与社长就曾抱怨过这种竟相争宠带来的过度&#8220;竞争&#8221;:&#8220;由于新的媒体以崭新的面貌出现,有时甚至打着&#8216;获得了</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">XXXXX</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">权威机构,权威人士支持&#8217;的旗号,很容易成为侨社(注:侨社往往由其所在地的中领馆领导)的新宠,所以原有媒体便担心侨社和广大侨胞可能会&#8216;喜新厌旧&#8217;,一定会更加积极地参预侨社活动,努力地为侨社服务,争取在侨社和侨胞之中不会失宠。&#8221;这两位负责人还委婉地表达了自己的不满:&#8220;国内某些方面的不恰当支持所造成的混乱。海外某些华文媒体在资金不足、创办条件不具备的情况下,通常会寻求国内有关方面的支持。国内有关方面,尤其是某些领</span> <span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">导部门,如果给予了个别媒体以财力、物力或版面上的支持,实际上是对其它华文媒体的不公平。获得国内支持的某些媒体可以打着某种旗号,以更低的成本和特殊</span> <span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">的身份参加当地的市场竞争。国内这种实质支持的结果只会造成当地新闻传媒市场的更加混乱,造成其它一些热爱祖国华文媒体的更大困难。因此,笔者认为,国内有关部门对于海外华文媒体的支持应以精神鼓励为主,对于某些尚未取得信誉的新办媒体的实质性支持应该慎之又慎,对于热爱祖国的其它华文媒应该做到合理公平。&#8221;</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/Admin/Desktop/Mediacontrol-oversea.doc#_edn14" name="_ednref14"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><sup><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">[14]</span></sup></span></sup></a></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 24pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">为了得到来自中国大陆的资源支持,华文媒体之间的争宠已到如此地步,自然只会对北京政府这类提供资源者的要求予取予求,哪里还敢提什么媒体的独立性与媒体人的职业道德?</span></p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <div><br clear="all" /> <hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" /> <div id="edn1"> <p><a href="file:///C:/Users/Admin/Desktop/Mediacontrol-oversea.doc#_ednref1" name="_edn1"><span><span style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">[1]</span></span></span></span></a> <span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;;">虞宝竹</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">,</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">中国新闻社社长郭招金专访:共建和谐世界</span>&nbsp;<span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">华文传媒任重道远</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">,</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><a href="http://media.people.com.cn/GB/40606/6198886.html"><span style="font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;;color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none">人民网-中华新闻报</span></a></span><span style="font-size:10.5pt; font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">,</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">2007</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">年</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">08</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">月</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">31</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">日</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">(</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><a href="http://media.people.com.cn/GB/40606/6198886.html"><span style="color: windowtext">http://media.people.com.cn/GB/40606/6198886.html</span></a></span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">)。</span></p> </div> <div id="edn2"> <p><a href="file:///C:/Users/Admin/Desktop/Mediacontrol-oversea.doc#_ednref2" name="_edn2"><span><span style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">[2]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;;">虞宝竹</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">,</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">中国新闻社社长郭招金专访:共建和谐世界</span>&nbsp;<span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">华文传媒任重道远</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">,</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><a href="http://media.people.com.cn/GB/40606/6198886.html"><span style="font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;;color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none">人民网-中华新闻报</span></a></span><span style="font-size:10.5pt; font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">,</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">2007</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">年</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">08</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">月</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">31</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">日</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">(</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><a href="http://media.people.com.cn/GB/40606/6198886.html"><span style="color: windowtext">http://media.people.com.cn/GB/40606/6198886.html</span></a></span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">)。</span></p> </div> <div id="edn3"> <p><a href="file:///C:/Users/Admin/Desktop/Mediacontrol-oversea.doc#_ednref3" name="_edn3"><span><span style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">[3]</span></span></span></span></a> <span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">毕研韬,</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">英国的华文媒体</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">,中国新闻研究中心(</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><a href="http://www.epsalon.com/ShowArticle.asp?ArticleID=2232">http://www.epsalon.com/ShowArticle.asp?ArticleID=2232</a></span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">)。</span></p> </div> <div id="edn4"> <p><a href="file:///C:/Users/Admin/Desktop/Mediacontrol-oversea.doc#_ednref4" name="_edn4"><span><span style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">[4]</span></span></span></span></a> <span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">程曼丽,</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">海外华人种群变化对华文媒体生态的影响</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">,</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"> 2005<span style="font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">年</span>9<span style="font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">月</span>22<span style="font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">日</span></span> <span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">(</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><a href="http://www.cmc.pku.edu.cn/Expert/Browse1.aspx?id=814">http://www.cmc.pku.edu.cn/Expert/Browse1.aspx?id=814</a></span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">)。</span></p> </div> <div id="edn5"> <p><a href="file:///C:/Users/Admin/Desktop/Mediacontrol-oversea.doc#_ednref5" name="_edn5"><span><span style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">[5]</span></span></span></span></a> <span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">王威(美国《彼岸》杂志社副总编辑),</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">华文传媒在美国的作为以及与中国大陆传媒之间的互动</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">,第三届世界华文传媒论坛学术集锦(</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">2005</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">年,</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><a href="http://www.cmc.pku.edu.cn/Expert/Browse1.aspx?id=811">http://www.cmc.pku.edu.cn/Expert/Browse1.aspx?id=811</a></span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">)。</span></p> </div> <div id="edn6"> <p><a href="file:///C:/Users/Admin/Desktop/Mediacontrol-oversea.doc#_ednref6" name="_edn6"><span><span style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">[6]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"> &#8220;</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">墨西哥成立中国和平统一促进会</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">,中国网,</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"> 2002<span style="font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">年</span>1<span style="font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">月</span>24<span style="font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">日</span><span style="font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">(</span><a href="http://www.china.com.cn/chinese/TCC/haixia/100452.htm"><span style="color:windowtext">http://www.china.com.cn/chinese/TCC/haixia/100452.htm</span></a></span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">)。</span></p> </div> <div id="edn7"> <p><a href="file:///C:/Users/Admin/Desktop/Mediacontrol-oversea.doc#_ednref7" name="_edn7"><span><span style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">[7]</span></span></span></span></a> <span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">王威(美国《彼岸》杂志社副总编辑),</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">华文传媒在美国的作为以及与中国大陆传媒之间的互动</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">,第三届世界华文传媒论坛学术集锦(</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">2005</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">年),世界华文传媒网(</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><a href="http://www.cmc.pku.edu.cn/Expert/Browse1.aspx?id=811">http://www.cmc.pku.edu.cn/Expert/Browse1.aspx?id=811</a></span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">)</span></p> </div> <div id="edn8"> <p><a href="file:///C:/Users/Admin/Desktop/Mediacontrol-oversea.doc#_ednref8" name="_edn8"><span><span style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">[8]</span></span></span></span></a> <span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">施复华(美国《洛杉矶时报》社长),</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">美国华文报纸市场现况与未来展望</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">,第三届世界华文传媒论坛学术集锦,世界华文传媒网,(</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><a href="http://www.cmc.pku.edu.cn/Expert/Browse1.aspx?id=804"><span style="color:windowtext">http://www.cmc.pku.edu.cn/Expert/Browse1.aspx?id=804</span></a></span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">)。</span></p> </div> <div id="edn9"> <p><a href="file:///C:/Users/Admin/Desktop/Mediacontrol-oversea.doc#_ednref9" name="_edn9"><span><span style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">[9]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"> &#8220;</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">海外华媒是中国全球影响力的重要体现</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&#8212;&#8212;</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">访《英中商报》首席执行官杨腾波</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">,</span></p> <p><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><a href="http://www.chinanews.com.cn/"><span style="font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;; color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none">中国新闻网</span></a> </span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">,</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">2007</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">年</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">08</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">月</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">29</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">日</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">(</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><a href="http://media.people.com.cn/GB/40606/6186465.html"><span style="color: windowtext">http://media.people.com.cn/GB/40606/6186465.html</span></a></span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">)。</span> </p> </div> <div id="edn10"> <p><a href="file:///C:/Users/Admin/Desktop/Mediacontrol-oversea.doc#_ednref10" name="_edn10"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">[10]</span></span></span></a> <span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">张大卫(美国《芝加哥华语论坛》报社长兼发行人),</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">宣传和推动反独促统是海外华文媒体的光荣使命</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">,第三届世界华文传媒论坛学术集锦,世界华文传媒网,</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">2005</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">年</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">9</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">月</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">22</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">日</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">(</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><a href="http://www.cmc.pku.edu.cn/Expert/Browse1.aspx?id=806"><span style="color:windowtext">http://www.cmc.pku.edu.cn/Expert/Browse1.aspx?id=806</span></a></span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">)。</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"></span></p> </div> <div id="edn11"> <p><a href="file:///C:/Users/Admin/Desktop/Mediacontrol-oversea.doc#_ednref11" name="_edn11"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">[11]</span></span></span></a> <span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">黄文炜,</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">在冷静与热情之间</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">,日本新华侨报网,</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">2005</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">年</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">10</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">月</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">8</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">日</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">,(</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><a href="http://www.jnocnews.jp/news/show.aspx?id=9875"><span style="color:windowtext">http://www.jnocnews.jp/news/show.aspx?id=9875</span></a></span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">)。</span></p> </div> <div id="edn12"> <p><a href="file:///C:/Users/Admin/Desktop/Mediacontrol-oversea.doc#_ednref12" name="_edn12"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">[12]</span></span></span></a> <span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">黄文炜,</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">在冷静与热情之间</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">,日本新华侨报网,</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">2005</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">年</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">10</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">月</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">8</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">日</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">,(</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><a href="http://www.jnocnews.jp/news/show.aspx?id=9875"><span style="color:windowtext">http://www.jnocnews.jp/news/show.aspx?id=9875</span></a></span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">)。</span></p> </div> <div id="edn13"> <p><a href="file:///C:/Users/Admin/Desktop/Mediacontrol-oversea.doc#_ednref13" name="_edn13"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">[13]</span></span></span></a><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">《中希时报》简介及大事记,见中希网</span> <span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">(</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><a href="http://www.cgw.gr/html/cn/zxsb.html">http://www.cgw.gr/html/cn/zxsb.html</a></span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">)。</span></p> </div> <div id="edn14"> <p><a href="file:///C:/Users/Admin/Desktop/Mediacontrol-oversea.doc#_ednref14" name="_edn14"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">[14]</span></span></span></a> <span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">金鸣峰(美国《美中信使报》总编辑)、谢忠(美国《美中信使报》社长),</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">从休斯顿地区华文报纸看海外华文传媒的发展及其问题</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"> &#8221;</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">,【第三届世界华文传媒论坛学术集锦】,世界华文传媒网,</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">2005</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">年</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">9</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">月</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">22</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">日</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">(</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><a href="http://www.cmc.pku.edu.cn/Expert/Browse1.aspx?id=807"><span style="color:windowtext">http://www.cmc.pku.edu.cn/Expert/Browse1.aspx?id=807</span></a></span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;Times New Roman&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">)。</span></p> </div> </div>