21世纪:骇威慑替代核威慑?——关于61398部队的故事之三

<!–[if gte mso 10]> <![endif]–><!–[if gte mso 10]> <![endif]–> <p><span><span>&nbsp;<span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:SimSun;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><span><span></span></span></p> <p><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="text-indent:24.0pt;line-height:normal"><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:SimSun">自从解放军总参三部的网络战单位</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt">61398</span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:SimSun;">部队的故事在世界各国媒体上曝光后,</span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:SimSun">笔者已经在《纵览中国》网站上发表过两篇短文:&#8220;</span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:SimSun;">没有硝烟的阵地</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;">—<span>关于61398</span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:SimSun;">部队的故事之一&#8221;,分析了</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt">61398</span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:SimSun;">部队的特殊功能;&#8220;</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman&quot;">21<span>世纪的网络战</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;">—</span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:SimSun;">关于</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">61398</span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:SimSun;">部队的故事</span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:SimSun;">之二&#8221;,谈的是中美两国之间的网络战。</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt">61398</span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:SimSun;">部队的故事之所以值得深入分析,是因为它关系到全球范围的冷战格局和世界和平。我不觉得这个故事只是大国情报战当中的又一个花边新闻。</span></span></span></span><span><span></span></span></p> <p style="text-indent:24.0pt;line-height:normal"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="line-height:normal"><strong><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;">21<span>世纪全球冷战的新角色:中国</span></span></span></span></strong><span><span></span></span></p> <p style="line-height:normal"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <h3><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun; font-weight:normal;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 第二次世界大战结束之后,世界范围内只有区域性短暂的武装冲突,但不再发生全球范围的世界大战。其中一个重要原因是,从</span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:SimSun;font-weight:normal;">上世纪中叶开始,核武器及其远程投射力量的完备化,让</span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:SimSun;font-weight:normal;">美苏这两个超级大国都具备了充分有效的</span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:SimSun;font-weight:normal;">核威慑能力,任何试图把冷战变成热战的企图都只能是让人类毁灭,因此不再会有世界大战的战胜国。美国之所以试图制止伊朗、北朝鲜的核武器试验,就是希望避免任何流氓国家挑起核战争。</span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:SimSun;font-weight:normal;">在上个世纪,只要核大国之间避免兵戎相见,又不敢发动核大战,世界范围内就能大体上保持和平。</span></span></span></span><span><span></span></span></h3> <h3><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></h3> <h3><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;font-weight:normal;"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 但是,互联网的出现,可能已经改变了世界的冷战格局,不过人们还没有充分意识到这一点。21世纪的冷战与上一世纪的冷战的最大不同在于,网络战开始成为冷战的重要手段,本世纪的冷战也因此而体现出全新的特征。</span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:SimSun;font-weight:normal;">当一个拥有核武器的大国的军事情报单位连续不断地对另一个拥有核武器的大国发动网络战,从而造成对受害国的&#8220;持续性强威胁(</span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;font-weight:normal;">Advanced Persistent Threat</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;font-weight:normal;">)&#8221;时,它会引起大国之间的武装冲突吗?在</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:normal;">21</span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:SimSun;font-weight:normal;">世纪,对世界安全的最大威胁是不是变成了情报部门的骇客?如果军事情报部门的骇客按着键盘、移动着鼠标,就随时可能引发世界大战,</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:normal;">&#8220;</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;font-weight:normal;">骇威慑</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:normal;">&#8221;</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;font-weight:normal;">岂不是比核威慑更可怕吗?这并不是个虚构的问题,它确实是今天世界和平面对的一个现实威胁。</span></span></span><span><span></span></span></h3> <h3><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></h3> <h3><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun; font-weight:normal;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;font-weight:normal;">010<span>年7月初,英国的《经济学人》杂志刊登过一篇文章,标题是,&#8220;鼠标和键盘会成为冲突中的新武器吗?&#8221;一年半之后,世界各国媒体关于解放军</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:normal;">61398</span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:SimSun;font-weight:normal;">部队的报导表明,《经济学人》此前提出的问题颇有先见之明。如何面对政府和军事情报部门的网络战,这是一个</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;font-weight:normal;">21<span>世纪高科技时代人类面临的全新挑战。</span></span></span></span></h3> <h3><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></h3> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;">事实上,在</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt">20</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;">世纪后半叶,中国虽然拥有了核武器,但并未加入全球范围的冷战,而只是美苏冷战的旁观者、得益者。但是,以</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt">21</span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:SimSun;">世纪的网络战为契机,中国开始加入全球性冷战,这个核大国从此成为</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt">21</span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:SimSun;">世纪新冷战的一个重要角色。那么,中国这个冷战的新&#8220;玩伴&#8221;,会如何理解冷战的边界和热战的触机呢?要了解这一点,有必要回顾一下</span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:SimSun;">美苏的冷战经验与毛泽东的冲突边缘政策。</span></span></span></span><span><span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><strong><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;">美国、苏联和毛泽东对冷战的不同态度</span></span></span></strong><span><span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;">在上个世纪的冷战时代,美苏两个超级大国彼此捏着核武器抵紧对方胸口,谁动手都会同归于尽。</span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:SimSun;">正是在严峻的核威慑面前,两国都致力于避免把冷战真的变成热战</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;">—<span>核大战。</span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:SimSun;">美国和俄国在长期的冷战中积累了丰富的如何防止热战的经验。当时,双方对恃中时常要核查的一件事就是,你最近搞的某项活动是不是走向核战争的前奏;双方也都摸索出一套化险为夷的程序、管道,毕竟双方其实都不打算消灭对方,而只是自我防卫而已。</span></span></span></span><span><span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;">在情报工作领域,双方情报部门的中心任务之一就是,如何防止彼此的情报搜集活动和地球上的区域型冲突误导对方国家领导人,如何避免对方的&#8220;核按钮&#8221;被启动。在外交领域,从</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt">50</span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:SimSun;">年代中期开始,赫鲁晓夫就开始推动美苏之间的&#8220;和平共处&#8221;与&#8220;和平竞赛&#8221;。这一政策显然符合苏联及欧洲各国的利益,也符合文明国家的一个普世价值,即</span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:SimSun;">对人的生命的尊重和爱护。确实,在二战中付出上千万生命的苏联老百姓真不想再打什么世界核大战了。</span></span></span></span><span><span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;">但是,苏联追求世界和平的外交方针,却不符合毛泽东的需要。斯大林死后,毛泽东觉得,论资排辈,他应该取斯大林而代之,成为半个地球(共产党国家)的头领。然而,苏联在国际共运阵营里的领导地位由来已久,在政治层面,毛泽东的世界领袖欲望缺乏号召力,无法得逞;而且,中国的经济实力差得太远,苏联已经工业化了,中国还是个靠天吃饭的小农社会。于是,毛泽东只能&#8220;乱中求胜&#8221;,在国际共运阵营里扮演&#8220;造反派&#8221;的角色,从挑战赫鲁晓夫的外交政策入手。</span></span></span><span><span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;">赫鲁晓夫主张与西方国家&#8220;和平共处&#8221;,毛泽东便坚持要在</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">1957</span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:SimSun;">年的莫斯科国际共产党和工人党会议的宣言里写上&#8220;反对美帝国主义,&#8221;遭到波兰等国共产党的激烈抵制。为了显示他的&#8220;大无畏&#8221;精神,毛泽东在这次国际会议上&#8220;豪迈&#8221;地发表了一通令各国共产党领袖震惊的言论:必须通过武装力量打败帝国主义,大不了就是核战争,全世界死一半还剩一半,中国</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">6</span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:SimSun;">亿人,死一半还剩</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">3</span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:SimSun;">亿,我怕谁去。</span></span></span></span><span><span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;">此战争狂言一出,全场鸦雀无声。从此,很多东欧、西欧国家的共产党、工人党看清了毛泽东的真面目,不再尊重毛泽东这个为了争夺地位而不惜冒世界核战争风险、视各国人民为炮灰的危险分子。于是,唯毛泽东马首是瞻的中共在国际共运阵营遭到孤立,毛泽东的</span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:SimSun;">国际共运领袖梦碎;他只能&#8220;破罐子破摔&#8221;,&#8220;国际造反派&#8221;当到底,在国际共运阵营里标新立异,全面批判苏联&#8220;修正主义&#8221;。</span></span></span></span><span><span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;">附带说一句,几年后他为了摆脱孤立,又邀请尼克松访华。在外国人看来,毛泽东自己从此也走上了赫鲁晓夫式&#8220;修正主义道路&#8221;。毛泽东在国际上以&#8220;反修&#8221;起家,形影相吊之时,又改走拥抱&#8220;美帝国主义&#8221;的&#8220;修正主义&#8221;道路,最后彻底粉碎了世界各国残存毛粉的心。中国和阿尔巴尼亚的&#8220;海内存知己,天涯若比邻&#8221;,就是那时一笔勾销的。</span></span></span><span><span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span><span><span></span></span><strong><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;">毛泽东的冲突边缘政策后继有人?</span></span></span></strong><span><span></span></span> </p><p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;">今天之所以重提毛泽东的冲突边缘政策,是从</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">61398</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;">部队的故事想起的。</span></span></span><span><span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;">中国军队里不少身居高位的&#8220;红二代&#8221;将军们,都是在</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;">60<span>年代营造的毛泽东崇拜中成长起来的。他们在青少年时期形成的价值观充斥着毛式思维。邓小平上台以后,在经济领域清除了毛泽东的影响,但在国际关系和军事领域里,邓小平提不出像样的观点,结果,毛主义依旧占据上风,仍然处于不可质疑、不可挑战的地位。几年前解放军少将朱成虎关于让西安以东的城市和人口成为焦土、以此为代价用核大战与美国拼个你死我活之言论,就是重复毛泽东当年的那一套。在战略思想上,不少将领缺乏苏联当年那种对核大战的畏惧和对人民生命的尊重,另一方面又喜欢挑衅和藐视国际规则,而且以此为傲。</span></span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;">在邓小平的&#8220;韬光养晦&#8221;年代,解放军基本上避免与美国发生冲突。但过去十年来,</span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:SimSun;">自以为可以取代苏联而崛起的中国,又开始拥抱毛泽东的</span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:SimSun;">冲突边缘政策。与此同时,</span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:SimSun;">因为害怕普世价值的挑战,中国对美国的敌意也越来越深。尽管美国从来就没有任何攻击、占领中国的企图,但是,中共的宣传、教育部门以及军方却持之以恒地灌输&#8220;美帝国主义亡我之心不死&#8221;,孜孜不倦地挖掘、培育着仇美思维和仇美情绪。解放军总参三部在网络战方面逐步升级的举动,既可以看成是一种战术性试探,也体现了毛泽东式&#8220;欢迎冲突论&#8221;的战略思维。</span></span></span></span><span><span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;">在江泽民和胡锦涛时代,文职领导人对军队的战略思想形成和战略企图构思其实缺乏影响力。军方似乎有很大的行动空间。然而,军方将领们在多大程度上充分了解和认识中国当前的国际环境,却是个未知数。中美两国当下的双边关系比当年的美苏关系要复杂得多。当年的美苏关系以军事和政治对立为主,双方经济上并没有什么合作和共同利益。而中美之间既存在着潜在的军事和政治对立,又发展出密切的经济关联和利益纽带。正是因为存在着密切的经济联系,美国对中国的防备远不象当年对苏联那样。但是,中国对美国的消费品市场和粮食也有高度依赖性,轻启对美冲突必然造成中国的严重经济困难。</span></span></span><span><span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent: 24.0pt;line-height:normal;layout-grid-mode:char"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="line-height:normal"><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:SimSun;">旧式的冷战已成历史,中国是否准备发动一场新式的以网络战为主要手段的冷战,并逐步升级,走向使用核武器的热战?这样的重大国家战略问题,是不应该由军官来操纵支配的。可以预见的是,民主国家的通常应对是后发制人,但是,一旦中美双方真的进入对立压倒合作的阶段,中国将如何继续生存,中国的文职领导人和军方其实都缺乏应对的思想准备。</span></span></span></span><span><span></span></span></p> <p style="line-height:normal"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="line-height:normal"><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:SimSun;">以关于</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">61398</span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:SimSun;">部队的报导为开端,美国已经开始警惕并防备中国的网络战企图。那么,中国是准备学习前苏联的冷战经验,与美国合作,制定防止网络战升级的国际规则,避免出现&#8220;玩枪走火&#8221;、引发大战的危险,还是任由军方沿袭</span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:SimSun;">毛泽东式的冲突边缘政策,</span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:SimSun;">一意孤行下去呢?</span></span></span></span><a name="the_spy_who_spammed_me"><span><span></span></span></a></p> <p style="line-height:normal"><span><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></span></p> <p style="line-height:normal"><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;">中国宣称的&#8220;韬光养晦&#8221;,不过是一幅外交上的&#8220;面纱&#8221;。除去外交场合的白手套,网络战其实是一支&#8220;冒烟的枪(</span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt">a smoking gun</span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;">)&#8221;<a name="_GoBack"></a>,真实而又赤裸裸。不管中国是还想继续谋求和平发展,或者从此学毛泽东胡闹下去,都必须选择新冷战的战略,既不能回避,也无法装糊涂。</span></span></span></span><span><span><span></span></span></span></p> <p style="line-height:normal"><span><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></span></p> <p style="line-height:normal"><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;">61398</span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;">部队的故事之真正意义其实在于,藏在桌布底下的那支&#8220;冒烟的枪&#8221;,现在被摆到了桌面上</span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-size:12.0pt">&#8230;&#8230;</span></span></span></span><span><span></span></span></p> <p style="line-height:normal"><span><span>&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p style="line-height:normal">&nbsp;</p>