陈子明:历史大视野中的四五运动(五)

<p align="center" style="background:white"><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">五、运动的延续:要求平反的斗争</span></strong></p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">&nbsp;</p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">&nbsp;<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">  印红标认为:四五运动的主流思潮是在怀念周恩来的同时对中共党内斗争表态,反对四人帮,申明实现现代化的愿望以及表达对中国现实的忧虑,天安门诗文尽管也伸张人民的力量,相信</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">中国人民是中国历史的主人</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">,</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">正义的人民,才是新中国的主宰</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">;尽管喊出了</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">秦皇的封建社会一去不复返了</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">的声音、表达了对</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">法西斯修正主义分子</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">的愤怒,然而直接呼吁民主的声音却甚为微弱。在数以千计的诗歌、祭文和小字报当中仅有一份提出</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">我们要民主,不要法西斯!</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">至少据</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">文革</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">后出版的几本</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">诗抄</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">资料而言是这样。这是由四五运动的具体历史条件决定的。四五运动被镇压以后,人们从政治权利被残暴践踏的事实中更深刻地感到民主的不可或缺,在争取为天安门事件平反的斗争中以及获得平反之后的论述中,四五运动逐渐被赋予了</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">社会主义民主运动</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">的意义,严格地说,为四五运动平反才是争取民主的运动。四五运动本身前后不到十天,而争取为四五运动平反的斗争则持续了近两年。民间改革派和体制内改革派,均为实现这一目标做出了自己的贡献。</span></p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">&nbsp;</p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;"> <strong> 民间的持续斗争</strong></span></p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">&nbsp;</p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">  </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">于</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">1976</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">年</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">10</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">6</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日被抓,</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">11</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">18</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日晚,北京大学校园就贴出题为《高东山同志十一月六日在</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#215;&#215;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">会议上的讲话》的大字报,要求为四五天安门事件平反。这篇大字报还被刻印成传单在北京市内散发,产生很大影响。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">高东山</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">是大字报作者高延力、孙盘、唐达献、闻进四人的笔名。大字报旗帜鲜明地提出,天安门事件平反,已成为广大人民群众的迫切愿望和要求。我们应该讲真理,应该满足人民群众的迫切愿望和要求。如果我们不这样做,那么就会失去群众的拥护和信任,</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">安定团结</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">就是一句空话。</span></p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">&nbsp;</p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">  从</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">1977</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">年至</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">1979</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">年,每年的</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">1</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月和</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">4</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月,北京市的民众都会到天安门广场以及其他一些地方送花圈、张贴诗词和小字报等,形成一个群众运动的小高潮。</span></p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">&nbsp;</p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">  </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">1977</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">年</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">1</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">6</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日凌晨,李胜平、张若玲、孙京玲等人在王府井大街贴出了一月运动中第一张要求为天安门事件平反的大字报</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8212;&#8212;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">《把颠倒的历史再颠倒过来》。大字报指出。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">捏造莫须有的罪名,把天安门事件打成</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">反革命事件</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">,</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">正是震惊中外,骇人听闻的千古奇冤</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">1</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">7</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日和</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">8</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日,他们又把《人民万岁》的传单和大字报张贴在王府井、东单西单和天安门广场的标语塔上。《人民万岁》指出:天安门事件是革命群众运动。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四五革命精神,就是人民群众的马列主义水平,就是人民群众的革命觉悟,就是人民群众的历史主动性、创造性,就是人民群众的斗争精神和反潮流勇气。</span></p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">&nbsp;</p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">  当时为了修建纪念堂,人民英雄纪念碑已经用木板墙围了起来。人们便把木板墙变成了</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">民主墙</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">,在上面贴满了各种悼念、揭发和批判的小字报。</span></p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">&nbsp;</p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">  </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">1</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">8</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日,毕谊民写了《怀烈思先》的诗,贴在广场正对国旗杆的木板墙上,并在众人的要求下进行了朗诵。当他念到</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">小平无罪,辅国助天,吴德该死,万众讨厌</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">时,人们热烈鼓掌叫好。随后,毕谊民发表了即兴演讲。他说:</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">粉碎</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">后,我们再次聚集在这里,是不会忘记一九七六年悲壮的清明节的,更不会忘记与</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">英勇奋战的勇士和为捍卫真理正义,捍卫民主权利而受迫害的同志。在毛主席亲手升起第一面五星红旗的地方,在中华人民共和国建国二十七年后的四月五日,在庄严神圣的天安门广场爆发了震撼世界的天安门事件。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">利用手中窃取的权力,残酷地把四五运动镇压下去,人民的鲜血洒在天安门前,洒在纪念碑上。人民的革命行动被诬蔑为</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">反革命政治事件</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">,邓小平同志也受诬陷,这是中国的悲剧,是历史的颠倒!如今,曾经不可一世的</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">已被扫进历史的垃圾堆,被</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">颠倒的历史要再颠倒过来。我们要求为天安门事件平反,为邓小平同志恢复名誉和工作,我们要向镇压人民的</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">讨还血债!</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">他的演讲,不时被群众高呼</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">打倒王、张、江、姚</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">!</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四五运动万岁!</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">声打断。</span></p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">&nbsp;</p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">  同日,以</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">童怀周</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">小组名义油印的</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">115</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">首《天安门革命诗抄》,贴在了天安门广场,立刻轰动北京,轰动全国,轰动海外。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">那时来二外院要《诗抄》的人,真是川流不息,络绎不绝,搞得整个二外院像北京的大栅栏似的。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">童怀周</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">小组由北京第二外国语学院汉语教研室的</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">16</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">名教师组成。他们是:李先辉、白晓朗、汪文风、黄林妹、胡连朴、刘兰英、蒋士珍、黄玉文、罗丹、杨昆明、张润今、石淑兴、赖梅华、刘志宽、赵寿安、朱清颐。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">童怀周</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">从</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">1976</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">年</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">12</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月就开始搜集天安门诗文,陆续搜集到</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">1300</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">多篇,他们所编《诗抄》铅印版的印数后来高达</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">200</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">万册以上。与此同时,七机部五</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#9675;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">二所二室和七室的</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">20</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">多名科研人员,也把他们搜集的</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">130</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">多首天安门诗词张贴在天安门广场和中关村的墙上。</span></p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">&nbsp;</p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">  </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">1</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">13</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日或者</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">14</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日晚上,我和妹妹陈子华、弟弟陈子清一起来到天安门广场,在他们从旁观察掩护下,我把《四五运动亲历记》贴在了木板墙上。在这篇小字报中,详细介绍了自己参加四五运动的情形以及自己对这一运动的认识。文中指出:四五运动是一场伟大的民主运动,它的目标是推翻社会法西斯专政,建立人民民主制度。邓小平在</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">1975</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">年的全面整顿是得人心的,应予肯定。因此,应当立即为四五运动平反,释放因参加四五运动而无辜被捕者;为邓小平平反,恢复其原有的一切职务。文章也提出了彻底否定</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">文革</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">和实行体制改革的主张。</span></p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">&nbsp;</p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">  </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">一月运动</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">并不仅限于首都北京,而是全国性的运动。旅大市委、市革委门前出现大字报,要求为天安门事件平反,要求邓小平出来工作,还批评了吴德、陈锡联等在职领导人。上海的倪育贤于</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">1</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">7</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日夜在闹市地段</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8212;&#8212;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">淮海路的东湖宾馆大铁门上</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">张贴了《清明愤》和《小平引》两首诗,一是抗议镇压天安门事件要求为天安门事件平反;一是要求恢复邓小平的职务。这两首诗一出,读者云集,抄者成堵,淮海路东湖路口,交通为之阻绝,广大群众含着热泪吟诵这两首诗,民气为之一振。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span></p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">&nbsp;</p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">  人们原本以为,在粉碎</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">之后,要求为四五运动平反的活动不应当再有阻力。但是当时在天安门广场木板墙张贴大小字报的人中,仍有一批人被秘密逮捕。毕谊民是在</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">1</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">12</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日在单位宿舍被捕的。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">童怀周</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">小组的白晓朗则于</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">3</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月被捕。根据李西宁得到的消息,</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;77</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">年因反吴德(北京市委书记)和拥护邓小平出山又抓了</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">16</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">人</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">。</span></p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">&nbsp;</p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">  </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">1977</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">年初,华国锋在内部文件中批示:</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">在一些地方,出现了攻击污菌中央领导同志的大标语、大字报。现在社会上还流传着不少政治谣言,政治上十分反动,恶毒攻击一些已经去世的和现在的中央领导同志,妄图盅惑人心,煽动群众,挑拨离间,分裂以华主席为首的党中央。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">拟告辽宁省委,对此反革命大字报,应该追查。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">是华国锋亲自下令对这些人进行</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">追查</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">、逮捕。</span></p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">&nbsp;</p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">  李冬民原是北京市中学红代会核心组组长、北京市革命委员会常委,他从</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">文化大革命</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">的实践中逐渐醒悟过来,参加了天安门广场的群众活动。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">1977</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">年</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">1</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">8</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日,他在北京街头贴出大标语,要求邓小平出来工作,为天安门事件平反。另有一个叫张兆庆的人也贴出大标语。张兆庆原是北京首都钢铁公司的造反派头头,他说粉碎</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">是</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">反人民的右派军事政变</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">,为江青一伙鸣冤叫屈。李冬民和张兆庆本来并不认识,毫不相干,可是以吴德为首的北京市委硬说他们是已</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">合流</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">为一伙的</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">反革命集团</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">,其策略是</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">抬邓、反华、保王洪文</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">。经华国锋批准,在</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">3</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月召开的中央工作会议上印发了有关材料。他还利用这个假案材料说:</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">现已查获,有那么一小撮反革命分子,他们的反革命策略是先打着邓小平出来工作的旗号,迫使中央表态,然后攻击我们违背毛主席的遗志,从而煽动推翻党中央,保王洪文上台,为</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">翻案</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">。随后,所谓</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">李冬民反革命案件</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">的材料作为中央文件下发到全国。制造这一假案的目的很明确,就是要</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">杀鸡给猴看</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">,阻遏四五运动一周年爆发大规模的群众运动。</span></p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">&nbsp;</p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">  但是,华国锋、吴德等人的倒行逆施并没有完全达到目的。北京以及全国各地在</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">4</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">5</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日前后,仍然出现了规模不等的要求</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">两个平反</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">的抗议和请愿活动。倪育贤</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">在天安门事件一周年前夕,在上海最高建筑国际饭店墙上张贴了一首长达十米的巨幅大字抗议诗,题为《我不信</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8212;&#8212;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">纪念天安门广场惨案一周年》。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">诗中写道:</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">我不信!我不信我们中国人的血就这样贱!我不信!我不信我们中国人的命就这样轻!三百六十五个白天过去了,蒙难的英烈们仍然蒙着暴徒的罪名。三百六十五个黑夜过去了,杀人的屠伯们依旧挂着</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">英雄</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">的金星</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8230;&#8230;&#8221;&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">当时的中共中央政治局委员、海军政委兼中共上海市委第二书记苏振华立即下令把我逮捕。一九七七年三月三十一日,我就被关进监狱,在逮捕我时,还抄了我家。当场搜出了另外一些诗稿,其中有一首批判毛泽东发动文革的长诗《老兵行》。于是公安局就定我两大罪名:一是</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">反对英明领袖华主席</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">;一是</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">恶毒攻击伟大领袖毛主席</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">上海市委书记苏振华突然禀承其主子要</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">坚决镇压一批胆敢利用天安门事件破坏安定团结的反革命份子</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">的指示,对我的案子批了</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">反动透顶,恶毒之极</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">八个大字,决定要判我死刑</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">杀一儆百</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">。七七年九月一日,</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8230;&#8230;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">我被五花大绑押回工厂公审。在公审大会上,由公安局局长宣读了我的</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">滔天罪行</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">,后又宣布了市委首长的批示,全场高呼</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">坚决镇压反革命</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">、</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">不杀不足平民愤</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">的口号,这样,就算判定了我的死罪,马上闯进专门囚禁死囚的十三号监里</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">。倪育贤在看守所渡过了二年。</span></p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;"> 当</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">还在台上的时候,四五运动被捕者在看守所中进行了不屈不挠的斗争。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">的党羽施展种种手段,妄图胁迫那些同志就范。他们把曙光电机厂中层以上干部的名单,摆在该厂党委委员元海章面前,要他划出参加悼念周总理活动的人的名字,元海章拒绝了。他们要刘迪出卖同志,写诬蔑邓小平同志的材料,刘迪痛加驳斥。他们三次要李舟生写叶副主席的材料,李舟生严词拒绝。他们让北京市第七机床厂工人王英斌承认天安门诗词是反动的,他据理驳斥。北京钢铁学院进修生王雷在狱中和韩志雄互相鼓舞,为迎接出狱后的斗争而努力学习。在这些同志面前,</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">及其党羽的阴谋均告破产。</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">曾被全国通缉的天安门事件</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">要犯</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">刘迪,在狱中始终坚持天安门事件是自发的群众运动,对自己反对</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">的所谓</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">罪行</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">供认不讳。当预审员威胁他:</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">你这个邓小平的殉葬品,粉身碎骨,死有余辜</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">时,刘迪毫不在意地回答说:</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">你枪毙我好了。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">他还和预审员开玩笑。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">他在审讯中供认阮籍对他的思想影响最大。而且这个阮籍经常借酒以发泄对社会的不满,他们一共有七个人,经常凑在一起,号称</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">竹林七贤</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">。预审员真以为得到了什么重大线索,竟然把早已死去一千多年的古人记到了审讯记录上。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">据北京市公安局统计,在四五运动期间共抓捕了</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">388</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">人。在粉碎</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">前,陆续释放了</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">224</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">人,到</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">1976</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">年</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">11</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月底又释放了</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">140</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">人。到</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">1977</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">年</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">7</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月全部释放完。这些人在被捕前大多互不相识,在看守所中却结下了深厚的战斗情谊。他们出狱后,为争取四五运动的平反再度并肩作战。</span></p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">&nbsp;</p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">  </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">1977</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">年年中,笔者便离开了永乐店农场,为争取平反、恢复学籍而奔走。在四五运动的被捕者中,我首先联系上的是鲁利玲。她是我妹妹陈子华的好友、中学同班同学,是四五运动被捕者中少数几名女性之一。通过鲁利玲,我结识了王雷。以后又在王雷家中陆续认识了王英斌、王维衍(北京市西城区棉纺织厂工人)、李胜平(北京铁路局丰台机务段工人)、吕嘉民(内蒙插队知青)等人。我们进行了广泛的串联,积极配合《人民日报》搜集四五运动的真相情况,当时胡绩伟指派余焕春、王永安等人秘密从事这方面的工作,为四五运动的平反预作准备,负责与我们联系的主要是记者王永安。与此同时,我们还贴出大字报,直接向公众呼吁为四五运动平反。我还清楚地记得</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">1978</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">年夏天在西单民主墙上张贴《控诉法西斯》大字报的情形。一天夜里,王雷、王维衍和我事先准备好糨糊和排笔,在西单民主墙前与严江征等人接头,拿到大字报后,我们便以最快的速度把大字报贴上墙,然后四下散开。我在西单一带的小胡同里转了一大圈(</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">1976</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">年四五期间我就利用过这里的复杂地形,因为我原来是北京八中的学生,对这里的胡同很熟悉),确保屁股后面没有</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">尾巴</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">后,才回到复外真武庙的家中。其实,当时并没有必要这么神神秘秘,因为大字报中已经提到了我的名字。一直到</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">1978</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">年</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">10</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月份,北京市公安局都不肯为我彻底平反,坚持认为我并不是</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">纯属反对</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">,还有反对毛泽东和反党反社会主义的问题。大字报以此为例,说明以吴德为首的北京市委和北京市公安局仍然视四五运动的积极分子为敌,拒绝为他们平反昭雪。</span></p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">&nbsp;</p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">  在《控诉法西斯》之前,李胜平等人于</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">1978</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">年</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">4</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月在西单贴出大字报《捂得捂不得》。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">捂得和吴德是谐音。在四五运动期间,镇压的决策是毛和</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">做的,具体的执行者却是吴德,因为他当时是北京市的党政一把手,参与了镇压的全过程。即便如他自己的回忆录所说,他在执行时打了一些折扣,他仍然有不可推卸的责任。十月政变后,他和汪东兴是为四五运动平反的主要障碍。吴德一直在捂盖子,抵制揭批查,抵制为四五运动平反。我们写这篇大字报,就是要揭吴德的盖子。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">李胜平等人的大字报,可以说是西单民主墙的开山之作。</span></p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">&nbsp;</p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">  </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">文革</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">中停刊的团中央机关刊物《中国青年》定于</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">1978</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">年</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">9</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">11</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日复刊。在其复刊号上,刊登了介绍韩志雄事迹的文章《革命何须怕断头》;选登了</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">童怀周</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">编辑的《天安门诗抄》;还刊登了一篇</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">本刊评论员</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">的文章《破除迷信,掌握科学》,文中第一次提出要破除</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">现代迷信</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">,就是要破除对毛泽东的迷信。这篇文章是历史博物馆党史研究室主任李洪林撰写的,并由胡耀邦审阅过。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">9</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">10</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日,北京承印的</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">60</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">万份《中国青年》第一期复刊号已全部印完,北京地区已有四万多份邮送到读者手中。当天下午,共青团十大筹委会负责人韩英接到汪东兴的一个电话,提出四项指责:一、《中国青年》第一期为什么只有叶副主席题词,没有华主席题词。二、《革命何须怕断头》所宣传的韩志雄,你们了解清楚了吗?这个人有问题。三、童怀周的《天安门诗抄》怎么又出来了。四、没有纪念毛主席逝世两周年的文章。韩英不敢怠慢,马上将此意见转达《中国青年》编辑部,并宣布刊物停发,等待研究处理。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">9</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">14</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日晚上,汪东兴把杂志社小组长以上干部召集到人民大会堂开会,从晚上8点多一直开到午夜</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">12</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">点</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">50</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">分。汪东兴说:</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">出了这么大风波</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">,</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">第一个是讲出版的组织观念,第二个讲文章内容不符合华主席对天安门事件的估价。华主席在天安门问题上早讲过,为什么有人还在上面纠缠?</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">中央不知道,</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8230;&#8230;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">中央不承担责任,没让中央批准,筹委会审查,出了问题,你杂志社负责。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">已发出的四万一千份换回来。</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">汪东兴的决定,引起《中国青年》杂志社内外广大群众的愤慨。有人便把这一期杂志一页一页地张贴在西单民主墙上,还有人在墙上贴出短短的大字报和长长的小字报,表示反对禁止发售《中国青年》。</span></p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">&nbsp;</p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">  </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">1978</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">年</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">9</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月,青年工人宗福先创作的歌颂四五运动的话剧《于无声处》在上海工人文化宫首演,受到了广泛的好评,此后又到北京演出。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">11</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">16</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日,吕朴以</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">北京王府井大街</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">57</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">号</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">0538</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">证件持有者</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">名义贴出小字报《致宗福先和于无声处剧组一封公开信》。以此为标志,</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">西单民主墙</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">从地下走向地上,从匿名走向半公开。以崭新面貌出现的</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">西单民主墙</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">与当时正在召开中央工作会议内外配合,把争取为四五运动平反的斗争引向高潮。</span></p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">&nbsp;</p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;"> <strong> 体制内的较量</strong></span></p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">&nbsp;</p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">  由于毛泽东把四五运动和邓小平绑在了一起,因此,不论体制内外,凡是要为邓小平翻案的人,就避不开四五运动的平反问题。</span></p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">&nbsp;</p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">  </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">1976</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">年</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">10</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">12</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日,粉碎</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">后的第六天,胡耀邦就对去家中看望他的叶剑英的儿子叶选宁说:</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">中兴伟业,人心为上。什么是人心?我说有三条:第一是停止批邓,人心大顺;第二是冤案一理,人心大喜;第三是生产狠狠抓,人心乐开花。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">并请叶选宁带话给叶剑英和华国锋。显然,他所说的</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">冤案一理</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">,就包括</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">天安门反革命事件</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">这一最大冤案。</span></p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">&nbsp;</p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">  但是,当时担任中共主要负责人的华国锋和汪东兴未能接受胡耀邦的三条锦囊妙计。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">10</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">26</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日,华国锋对中央宣传部门负责人说:要集中批</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">,连带批邓;天安门事件避开不说。汪东兴于</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">11</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">18</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日说:</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">天安门事件如果是悼念周总理,这又有什么不好呢?又有什么错呢?但是他们被反革命分子利用了。在批判邓小平错误的时候,反革命利用了这个东西,形成暴乱。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;11</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">30</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日,他又在四届人大常委会第三次会议上说,天安门事件就是反</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">也是错的,那时他们还是中央领导,那是分裂中央。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">1977</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">年的两报一刊元旦社论称,</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">华主席号召我们:</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">在新的一年里,抓住阶级斗争这个纲,努力作战,去夺取更大的胜利!</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;&#8221;&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">抓纲治国</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四字纲领的形成,是在同年</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">2</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">7</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日两报一刊社论《学好文件抓住纲》当中。这篇社论还正式提出了</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">两个凡是</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">的方针:</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">凡是毛主席作出的决策,我们都坚决维护;凡是毛主席的指示,我们都始终不逾地遵循。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">当时中央宣传部门负责人之一李鑫在传达华国锋的讲话时说得很明白:现在人们提出的问题,一是要邓小平复出,二是为天安门事件平反,这样搞矛头是对着谁呀?镇压四五运动和让邓小平下台,都是毛泽东亲自做出的决定,提出</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">两个凡是</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">的直接目的,就是要阻挠</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">两个平反</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">。</span></p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">&nbsp;</p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">  </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">1977</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">年</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">3</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月中央工作会议前,华国锋派人把他的讲话稿送给叶剑英提意见。叶剑英提了两条:</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">一是</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">天安门事件</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">是冤案,要平反;二是对邓小平同志的估价,应把提法换一下,为小平同志出来工作创造有利条件。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">之后,讲话稿的起草人告诉叶剑英,华国锋已按他的意见修改。可是,等到中央工作会议开始时,华国锋就对各小组召集人打招呼,说有两个敏感的问题,一个是天安门事件问题,一个是邓小平出来工作问题,希望大家发言不要触及。然而,在小组会上还是有人不听他的招呼而触及了敏感问题。</span></p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">&nbsp;</p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">  陈云事先就准备好了书面讲话(据肖劲光回忆,他和陈云、王震、耿飚、王诤等曾一起讨论过此事),他说:当时绝大多数同志到天安门去是为了悼念周总理。尤其关心周恩来同志逝世后党的举报人是谁。至于混在群众中的坏人是极少数。需要查一查</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">在天安门事件上是否插手,是否有诡计。邓小平与天安门事件是无关的。为了中国革命和党的事业的需要,听说中央有些同志提出让邓小平重新参加党中央领导工作,是完全正确、完全必要的,我完全拥护。王震说:邓小平政治思想强,人才难得,这是毛主席讲的,周总理传达的嘛。七五年主持中共中央和国务院工作,取得了巨大成绩。他是同</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">作斗争的先锋。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">千方百计地卑鄙地陷害他。天安门广场事件,是首都人民自发地进行的大规模悼念活动,是首都人民对</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">罪行的群众性声讨,表现了首都人民的无产阶级义愤。这是我们民族的骄做,是全国人民经过文化大革命的锻炼,阶级觉悟和路线斗争觉悟大大提高的集中表现。这就是天安门广场事件的本质和主流,不承认这个本质和主流,实质上是替</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">的罪行进行辩护。陈云、王震的发言虽然不让在会议简报上刊登,但却得到许多与会者的赞同。</span></p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;"> 由于在陈云的讲话中有把四五运动和邓小平问题分开对待的意思,华国锋也就顺着竿子爬了。华国锋说:在这样一些问题上,我们要有一个根本的立足点,这就是要高举和坚决维护毛主席的伟大旗帜。批邓、反击右倾翻案风,是伟大领袖毛主席决定的,是必要的。邓小平过去的功过,毛主席是有明确的全面评价,</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">1973</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">年邓小平重新工作以后,是有成绩的,也犯有错误</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8230;&#8230;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">邓小平的问题正在解决,但要等到瓜熟蒂落,水到渠成。又说:</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">关于</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">1976</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">年</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">4</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月天安门广场事件的问题。在</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">迫害敬爱的周总理时的悼念之情,是合乎情理的。这时候,确有少数反革命分子把矛头指向伟大领袖毛主席,乘机进行反革命活动,制造了天安门反革命事件。但是,应当肯定,当时去天安门广场的绝大多数群众是好的,是悼念周总理的,其中许多人是对</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">不满的,反对的。不能把他们,包括纯属反对</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">而被拘捕过的群众,说成是参加了天安门广场反革命事件。在粉碎</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">以后,中央于</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">1976</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">年</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">12</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">5</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日发出通知:</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">凡纯属反对</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">的人,已拘捕的,应予以释放;已立案的,应予销案;正在审查的,解除审查;已判刑的,取消刑期予以释放;给予党籍团籍处分的,应予撤销。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">应该说,这方面的实际问题已经解决了。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">不要在天安门事件这样一些问题上再争论了</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">。一方面,他明确表示邓小平的问题时机成熟即予解决;另一方面,他在肯定</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">去天安门广场的绝大多数群众是好的</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">,</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">凡纯属反对</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">的人</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">的问题</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">已经解决</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">的同时,坚持</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">确有少数反革命分子</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8230;&#8230;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">制造了天安门反革命事件</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">。</span></p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">&nbsp;</p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">  在当时的形势下,邓小平对于四五运动的态度也是基本按照华国锋的调子。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">4</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">10</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日,邓小平在给华国锋的信中表示,他毫无保留地支持华国锋最近的讲话和其他行动。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">感谢党中央证明了我本人同天安门事件没有联系。我特别高兴的是,华主席认为清明节群众的行动是正当的。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;5</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">3</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日,中共中央转发了邓小平的这封信。在邓小平正式出来工作前,华国锋派人找邓小平谈话,提出要他写个东西,写明</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">天安门事件是反革命事件</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">。邓小平拒绝了这个要求。他说:</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">我出不出来没有关系,但天安门事件是革命行动。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">邓小平可软可硬、既有妥协又有坚持的性格,在面对毛泽东和华国锋时都充分表现了出来。他可以喊</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">以华主席为首的党中央万岁!</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">但不肯在四五运动的问题上为华国锋分担责任。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">5</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">24</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日,邓小平同王震、邓力群谈话,再次指出:</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">前些日子,中央办公厅两位负责同志来看我,我对他们讲,</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">两个凡是</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">不行,按照</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">两个凡是</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">,就说不通为我平反的问题,也说不通肯定</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">1976</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">年广大群众在天安门广场的活动</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">合乎情理</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">的问题。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span></p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">&nbsp;</p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">  然而,</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">1977</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">年</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">8</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月召开的中共十一大仍然是一个高举毛泽东思想旗帜的会议。华国锋在政治报告中称:</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">毛主席关于无产阶级专政下继续革命的伟大理论,在马克思主义发展史上有特别重要的地位</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">第一次无产阶级文化大革命的胜利结束,决不是阶级斗争的结束,决不是无产阶级专政下继续革命的结束</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">。在这种思想氛围下,为四五运动平反还提不上议事日程。</span></p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">&nbsp;</p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">  </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">1978</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">年</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">4</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月,胡耀邦领导下的中央党校的师生在讨论中提出了否定</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">文革</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">的意见。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">5</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">10</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日,中央党校的《理论动态》发表了经胡耀邦审定的《实践是检验真理的唯一标准》一文。真理标准问题大讨论由此拉开了帷幕。这就为再次提出四五运动平反问题提供了契机。《人民日报》组织了这方面的文章,被当时党内负责宣传口的副主席汪东兴所阻止。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">6</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">15</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日,汪东兴在中宣部和中央新闻单位负责人会议上说:打着特约评论员的名义在报纸上那么样写,要注意。我给耀邦说,要他在报上写文章要注意。报纸好像什么都要翻案</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8230;&#8230;&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">政协会上,《人民日报》的余焕春</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">6</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">8</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日对天安门事件讲了一大篇话,认为这个案没有彻底翻过来。明明是毛主席说的,天安门事件是反革命事件,他们不是反毛主席反谁?这个问题还要登简报,这本来是已经解决了问题。你要翻,翻谁呀?余焕春说《人民日报》在运动中揭露出大量的事实,说明</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">在天安门事件中捣了很多鬼,这是对的,可是余焕春说,时毛主席和政治局都受了</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">的骗,那就不对的嘛!有毛主席的批示在,这能翻案吗?余焕春说,今年</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">4</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月天安门事件两周年时,《人民日报》编了一个天安门诗选的专页,领导又不让登。那是攻击华主席的,怎么能登?他说不让登是指我们两个人,这是批我和乌兰夫。余焕春还说,天安门这件事一定要解决,否则人民不平,有人认为翻了天安门事件有损伟大领袖毛主席的旗帜,我们说毛主席的旗帜是实事求是,有反必肃,有错必纠,真正翻了过来,才使毛主席的旗帜更加光辉。他是《人民日报》的记者,是个党员,不像非党员那样不了解情况。党员能这样说吗?</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span></p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">&nbsp;</p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">  但是,《人民日报》仍然继续推动平反四五运动。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">7</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">17</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日,《人民日报》以大半个版面,介绍了广州半导体材料厂青年工人庄辛辛与</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">斗争的事迹(他于</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">1976</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">年</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">4</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">8</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日,向《人民日报》写了一封信,公开提出了</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">打倒张春桥、江青、姚文元</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">的口号,</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">7</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月被捕,</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">9</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月被判刑十五年,在粉碎</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">一年半之后才被彻底平反),同时发表评论说:庄辛辛的冤案,是</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">及其在《人民日报》的心腹镇压革命群众的又一罪证。当天,新华社将《人民日报》的评论和庄辛辛的事迹转发国内外。汪东兴的得力干将、中央办公厅副主任张耀祠在</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">10</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">3</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日的全国信访工作会议召集人会上十分不满地说:</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">有人吵,天安门事件要翻案。天安门事件有坏人,不然为什么要火烧汽车,冲大会堂呢?</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">迫害群众悼念周总理,但也有坏人乘机捣乱。华主席讲过,中央有规定,这件事不要再提了,但有人要写文章,给天安门事件翻案,要立碑,说是革命行动,什么话。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">然而,《人民日报》得到了其他新闻媒体的有力支援。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">10</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">7</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日,《中国青年报》正式复刊,</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">10</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">10</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日,就在《向反</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">的青年英雄们学习》的大栏题下,刊登北京铁路分局通信工王海力的文章《我们要做无产阶级的好后代》,同时发表短评。王海力在</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四五运动</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">中曾写了一张悼念周恩来的血书,被逮捕入狱。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">10</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">12</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日,又在头版刊登《暴风雨中的海燕</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8212;&#8212;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">记青年共产党员贺延光同</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">英勇斗争的事迹》的长篇通讯。同日,《人民日报》也发表了这篇长篇通讯。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">10</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">18</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日,《人民日报》刊发了记者王永安的通讯《在急风暴雨中》,记述了韩志雄与</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">斗争的事迹。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">10</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">20</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日,《工人日报》发表长篇通讯《披荆斩棘,冲锋陷阵》,记述了北京市总工会工人评论组副组长曹志杰和他的伙伴们声讨</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">的史实。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">11</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">11</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日,《中国青年报》在《天安门革命诗词作者笔谈》的栏题下,发表了王立山(《扬眉剑出鞘》一诗的作者)、贺延光、李舟生(《今日在何方》一诗的作者)等的文章和本报评论员文章《伟大人民运动产生不朽诗词》,大声疾呼为天安门事件平反。就是在这样一种舆论氛围下,中共十一届三中全会前的工作会议召开了。</span></p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">&nbsp;</p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">  </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">11</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">11</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日,谭震林最先在中央工作会议的分组讨论会上呼吁为天安门事件平反,他说:进行工作重点转移,先要解决一些问题,如天安门事件、</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">二月逆流</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">、</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">百万雄师</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">等问题要不要解决?我看要解决。还有陈再道,他说:</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">实践是检验真理的唯一标准</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">实践</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">已经有了,</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">真理</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">也有了,就是不敢去</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">检验</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;&#8212;&#8212;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">不敢说真话。如天安门事件,悼念周总理,实践证明是革命行动,是反对</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">的革命行动。如果说天安门事件有反革命,这反革命就是</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">。这个问题向全国人民说清楚,全国人民也就服了。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">12</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日,陈云在东北组的发言中,参考胡耀邦提供的材料提出了六个问题:一、薄一波同志等六十一人所谓叛徒集团一案;二、关于所谓自首分子问题;三陶铸、王鹤寿等定为叛徒问题;四、彭德怀同志问题;五、关于天安门事件;六、关于康生的错误。其中的第五个问题,他说了这么几句:</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">关于</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">天安门事件</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">现在北京市又有人提出来了,而且又出了话剧《于无声处》,广播电台也广播了天安门的革命诗词。这是一次北京几百万人悼念周总理,反对</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">,不同意批邓小平的一次伟大的群众运动,而且在全国许多大城市也有同样的运动。中央应该肯定这次运动。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;13</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日,胡耀邦在西北组发言,支持陈云的意见,表示赞成把</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">文化大革命</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">中尚未解决的一些大是大非问题搞清楚。万里、杨得志、陈丕显、康克清等人,也发言要求为</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">文化大革命</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">中一些重大政治事件平反。</span></p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">&nbsp;</p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">  </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">13</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日,于光远、王惠德、杨西光也在西北组联合发言。他们援引了列宁</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">胜利了的社会主义如果不实行充分的民主,就不能保持它所取得的胜利,引导人类走向国家的消亡</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">的说法,指出:</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">在这里有一个观点应该在党内明确,那就是我们党在成了执政党之后,仍然应该站在人民群众之中,领导人民群众去争取民主。因此争取民主的斗争,应该继续下去。而且民主不应该是恩赐的,恩赐的民主是不牢靠的,只有人民自己起来争取到民主才是巩固的。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">从领导群众争取民主这样的革命立场出发,党应该对</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">天安门事件</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">明确态度,指出它是伟大的革命事件。在</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">即将动手篡夺党和国家领导权的关键的时刻,广大群众奋不顾身地起来保卫无产阶级专政,保卫社会主义,完全应该得到我们党的高度评价和充分肯定。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span></p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">&nbsp;</p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">  其他各组也都有人呼吁为四五运动平反。李昌在华北组说:</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">天安门群众悼念周总理的活动,是个伟大的革命运动。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">五四</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">是新民主主义革命时期的启蒙运动,也可以说,天安门的群众的悼念活动,是社会主义革命时期的马克思主义的启蒙运动,从此大大发展着实事求是的科学思潮和人民民主的社会主义民主思潮。似应进一步充分肯定和大力支持。现在正在演《于无声处》,请北京市委大力支持</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四五</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">运动。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">吕正操在华东组说:</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">如果说民主革命时期有</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">五四</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">运动,那么天安门事件是社会主义革命时期的</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四五</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">运动。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">民间改革派在</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">1977</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">年</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">1</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月所命名的</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四五运动</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">,此时已经被党内改革派接了过去。</span></p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">就在这历史转折关头,新华社社长曾涛、《人民日报》总编辑胡绩伟、《光明日报》总编辑杨西光和国务院政治研究室于光远等人勇敢地做出了突破性的贡献。新华社的穆青、杜导正、周鸿书、舒人、庄重等人也参与了这件事的运作。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">1978</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">年</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">11</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">15</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日,《北京日报》发表了关于市委常委扩大会议闭幕的消息,其中有一段话是:</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">一九七六年清明节,广大群众到天安门广场悼念我们敬爱的周总理,完全是出于对周总理的无限爱戴、无限怀念和深切哀悼的心情,完全是出于对</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8216;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8217;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">祸国殃民滔天罪行的深切痛恨,它反映了全国人民的心愿,完全是革命的行动,对于因此而受到迫害的同志一律平反,恢复名誉。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">曾涛等人一起商量后,决定抽出这段话由新华社发一条专门的新闻稿,并加上一个《中共北京市委宣布天安门事件完全是革命行动》的标题,由第二天的《人民日报》、《光明日报》在头版头条刊出。事实上,《北京日报》的消息中根本没有</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">天安门事件</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">五个字,在该消息的七行通栏标题中,连</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">天安门</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">三个字都没有。把</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">广大群众到天安门广场悼念我们敬爱的周总理</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">说成</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">完全是革命的行动</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">,与华国锋二十个月前称之为</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">是合乎情理的</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">,是前进了一步,但对于华国锋所谓</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">确有少数反革命分子</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">制造的</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">天安门反革命事件</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">,北京市委其实并未涉及。因此,看到新华社和《人民日报》的消息后,北京市委书记林乎加反过来问曾涛,新华社发这条新闻有什么</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">来头</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">。当得知没有</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">来头</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">时,他马上打电话向华国锋汇报,说标题是新华社自己加的,事先没有同市委商量。胡绩伟后来回忆此事时说:事实上,自从这年</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">5</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月发表《实践是检验真理的惟一标准》以来,我们新闻界的思想确实相当解放,胆子相当大;我们同坚持</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">两个凡是</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">的主管宣传的领导人已经进行了一系列的交锋,真可说是节节胜利。我们新闻界为天安门事件平反已经进行了很多努力,发这个新闻就是又一次有力的冲刺。这不仅仅是为了给天安门事件平反,而且是为了洗雪整个</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">文化大革命</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">给我们国家造成的耻辱,为革新我们整个工作(当然包括新闻工作)开创一个新局面。我们的勇气和胆识就是在这种背景下迸发出来的。</span></p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">&nbsp;</p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">  由于中央工作会议内外对于新华社的消息一片叫好,华国锋终于决定追认曾涛等人的</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">假传圣旨</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">11</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">月</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">18</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日,华国锋为</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">童怀周</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">的《天安门诗抄》题写了书名。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">25</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日,他在中央工作会议第三次全体会议上承认过去</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">问题解决得还不彻底,还没有为天安门事件的性质平反</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">,并代表政治局常委正式宣布,</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">中央认为,天安门事件完全是革命的群众运动,应该为天安门事件公开彻底平反。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;26</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">日上午,邓小平会见日本民主社会党委员长佐佐木良作,在回答有关</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">天安门事件</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">的问题时说:中共北京市委对</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">天安门事件</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">作出了决定,肯定了广大群众悼念周总理,反对</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">四人帮</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">的行动是革命的。这是经过党中央批准同意的。这就是党中央的决定。也可以说,这是全党全军全国人民的共同愿望,是共同一致作出的决定。</span></p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">&nbsp;</p> <p align="left" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">  此后,中共高层对于四五运动参加者的态度发生了由爱到憎的变化,但始终没有改变对于四五运动本身的评价,只是不提或者少提而已。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">六四</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">之后,北京市公安局的预审员曾在笔者面前夸耀他当年提审四五运动参与者的</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">业绩</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;宋体&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333;">,并要求我陈述参加四五运动和《北京之春》的经过,我对他说,如果你告诉我,中央对于四五运动的平反已经作废,我就再给你讲一遍当年的事,说得他哑口无言。</span></p> <p>&nbsp;</p>