曾俊華示範三大謬誤誤導港人

<p style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; vertical-align:; "><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">「鍵盤班子」核心成員、財政司司長曾俊華,今日發表的網誌,借剛辭世的荷里活影星羅賓威廉斯過橋,講普選卻是偷換概念暗撐北京,本報早前已有另文</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">分析,不贅。此外,曾俊華在網誌中提及,特首候選人「都是直接向全港市民問責」,有關說法,其實亦極有商榷餘地。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; vertical-align:; ">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; vertical-align:; "><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">為免曲解曾俊華的言論,先在此把有關說法原文節錄:</span></p><p style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; vertical-align:; ">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; padding: 0pt;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">實現2017年普選行政長官,讓五百萬合資格選民以一人一票的方式選出特首,是普羅香港人的願望。值得留意的是,當普選方案得到落實,無論候選人的政見如何、背景如何、出身如何,他們都必然要面對全港市民,在政治、民生、經濟、管治等問題上,都是直接向全港市民問責,不可能向任何一個群體傾斜,與選舉委員會的選舉辦法具有本質上的分別。今天各界對於普選方案的討論,我認為不應亦不能忽視這一個角度,妄言只有個別派別的候選人,才會真正向香港市民問責,其他候選人只會傾斜個別利益,是完全扭曲了一人一票普選的現實運作。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; padding: 0pt;">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; vertical-align:; "><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">問題是,曾俊華有關的說法,就存在最少三大謬誤!</span></p><p style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; vertical-align:; ">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; vertical-align:; "><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">須照顧提委會特權分子利益</span></p><p style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; vertical-align:; ">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; vertical-align:; "><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">第一,必須指出,綜觀現時關乎普選方案的討論,其實並不存在「妄言只有個別派別的候選人,才會真正向香港市民問責」的情況;充其量也只是認為,現時的選舉制度傾斜於個別利益團體,主因是由於過去的特首選舉,是由選舉委員會選出,也因此被批評是「小圈子選舉」,基於其組成的「原罪」,傾斜於個別利益團體,實是可以預期又理所當然。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; vertical-align:; ">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; vertical-align:; "><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">不過,如果未來在「一人一票」之前,仍有一個提名委員會把關,而提委會又是參照選委會而組成,試問同樣帶有「原罪」的提名委員會,又會否輕言讓自己提名的候選人,可忽然「洗底」而變得不傾斜於個別利益團體呢?</span></p><p style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; vertical-align:; ">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; vertical-align:; "><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">向全民問責徒屬口號</span></p><p style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; vertical-align:; ">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; vertical-align:; "><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">第二,是曾俊華所聲稱的「直接向全港市民問責」,恐怕只會在獨裁政權中才出現。須知道,在任何正進行普及而平等選舉的地方,候選人事實上都只會先向投票支持自己的選民問責,以至他們獲得的得票,往往以「過半數」作基本指標,當票數過半時,在民主程序中「少數服從多數」原則下,候選人順利當選。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; vertical-align:; ">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; vertical-align:; "><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">而曾俊華更需要回應的是,誠如他所表示,香港有500萬合資格選民,但已登記的候選人其實只是300多萬人,惟香港「全港市民」的數字逾700萬人,既然如此,那在非合資格選民以外的選民,未來的特首候選人,其實都是自言並自發的向他們問責而已,後者恐怕除訴諸投票甚至大型群眾運動等手段,才足迫使當選特首者要實實在在的問責。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; vertical-align:; ">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; vertical-align:; "><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">疑誤把「候選人」當「特首」</span></p><p style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; vertical-align:; ">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; vertical-align:; "><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">第三,當特首候選人還是「候選人」而非「當選」特首時,他既無實際權力,也無具體職責,哪「直接向全港市民問責」又有何用?實情是,市民面對近年特區政府施政的不濟,以及政策總是傾斜,均深明核心問題是來自政制,而箇中原因是因為特首及其問責班子欠缺民意認受性(public&nbsp;mandate),故一個沒經篩選的特首候選人,再經一人一票選出,因為獲民意「加冕」,才足以在施政上更為理直氣壯。所以,說穿了,香港最需要的,是一個「向市民問責」的特首,卻非只是特首候選人。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; vertical-align:; ">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; vertical-align:; "><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">何況,在當今《基本法》的規限下,香港的特首並不只是向市民問責,其最終問責對象是中央人民政府。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; vertical-align:; ">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; vertical-align:; "><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">特首乃中央決定任命及罷免</span></p><p style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; vertical-align:; ">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; vertical-align:; "><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">根據《基本法》第73條第九款,列明了彈劾特首的程序,當中包含了「五步曲」,分別是:</span></p><p style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; vertical-align:; "><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">第一</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">,由立法會全體議員的四分之一聯合動議,指控行政長官有嚴重違法或瀆職行為而不辭職,經立法會通過進行調查;</span></p><p style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; vertical-align:; "><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">第二</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">,立法會可委托終審法院首席法官負責組成獨立的調查委員會,並擔任主席。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; vertical-align:; "><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">第三</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">,調查委員會負責進行調查,並向立法會提出報告。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; vertical-align:; "><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">第四</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">,如該調查委員會認為有足夠證據構成上述指控,立法會以全體議員三分之二多數通過,可提出彈劾案;</span></p><p style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; vertical-align:; "><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">第五</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">,報請中央人民政府決定;</span></p><p style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; vertical-align:; ">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; vertical-align:; "><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">而如果根據《基本法》,當特首需要向市民問責而下台的話,單是一個彈劾案,就要先經過包含有功能組別在內及由建制派佔多數的立法會,那又怎會是向「全港市民問責」呢?因為就連立法會本身,都不是向全港市民問責呀!</span></p><p style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; vertical-align:; ">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; vertical-align:; "><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">更何況,就算不涉上述程序,特首因本人各式嚴重事故,以致難抵民恴下台壓力,最終特首是否需要「落台」,根據《基本法》都須由「中央人民政府決定」;也即是說,就算特首被彈劾,負責任命他的中央人民政府,仍是可以「決定」讓他繼續留任。畢竟如果中央人民政府負責特首任命,而香港人卻可以把特首「罷免」的話,又怎可能不影響到國家安全?而「一個人不能侍奉兩個主人」,既是如此,特首究竟向誰問責,答案已寫在牆上吧!</span></p><p style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; vertical-align:; ">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-bottom:0pt; margin-top:0pt; "><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">特首候選人或是特首,會「直接向全港市民問責」,確是無比動聽的說法,但原來卻是名不正、言不順,甚至是不合法、不合情、不合理,而在政改討論進入最關鍵之時,身為問責要員的財政司司長曾俊華,就發表如此一番實屬誤導的說話,他是否應該先行示範,自己會如何「直接向全港市民問責」呢?</span></p>