美前總統卡特論佔中 北京不會退讓

<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; layout-grid-mode:char; vertical-align:; "><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">亞太經合組織(APEC)&nbsp;領導人峰會下星期在北京上場,中美兩國元首將趁機見面。香港人最關注的,大概是看看作客的美國總統奧巴馬,會否在東道主習近平主席面前談論香港持續逾月的佔領抗議;如果奧巴馬提及香港的話,他又會說什麽。</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; layout-grid-mode:char; vertical-align:; ">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; layout-grid-mode:char; vertical-align:; "><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">奧巴馬的一位前輩就有如下忠告:「奧巴馬總統應該尊重中國的主權。」說此話的人是美國第39任總統卡特(Jimmy&nbsp;Carter),他與現任總統還共享另一身份,兩位皆是諾貝爾和平獎得主。</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; layout-grid-mode:char; vertical-align:; ">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; layout-grid-mode:char; vertical-align:; "><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">關於香港提問&nbsp;「可輯錄成書」</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; layout-grid-mode:char; vertical-align:; ">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; layout-grid-mode:char; vertical-align:; "><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">今年是中美建交35周年,卡特身為當年與鄧小平締造歷史的重要人物,免不了要出來回顧和前瞻。9月上旬,卡特逗留中國10天,走訪北京、西安、青島和上海。10月中,美中關係全國委員會與卡特中心合辦一場大型演講會,同時在美國各地74個地點以網上轉播(亞洲協會香港中心日前也舉辦相同活動,雖然不是與美國同步,但這是美國以外唯一參與之地,也讓香港添光),由卡特發言並回答各方觀眾傳上的問題。</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; layout-grid-mode:char; vertical-align:; ">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; layout-grid-mode:char; vertical-align:; "><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">答問環節的首條問題就是關於香港,主持人表示,收到關於香港的問題數量多得可以輯錄成書。由此可見,香港佔領抗議給西方傳媒冠名「雨傘運動」之後,是如何廣受國際注目。</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; layout-grid-mode:char; vertical-align:; ">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; layout-grid-mode:char; vertical-align:; "><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">卡特剛度過90大壽(出生日期是10月1日),仍說話清晰思路敏捷,他首先道出尊重中國主權的立場,又認為香港回歸時北京承諾會給足夠自由與民主讓港人選出自己的領袖,在這方面是有進展的。對於由1200人的選舉委員會來決定特首候選人,卡特知道香港學生強烈反對。他說毫不意外學生會反對,也不意外見到示威。「依我之見,中國應該履行承諾的精神,讓香港人有自由去選擇他們的領袖。」</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; layout-grid-mode:char; vertical-align:; ">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; layout-grid-mode:char; vertical-align:; "><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">但作為跟北京打交道的老手,卡特兩度稱:「中國政府是不會退讓的。」他建議向前看,要求1200人的選舉委員會未來必須由民主選舉產生。「我認為這是可能的妥協。假如我是談判者一員,我至少會提出此議。」</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; layout-grid-mode:char; vertical-align:; ">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; layout-grid-mode:char; vertical-align:; "><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">建議妥協&nbsp;針對選委會產生方法</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; layout-grid-mode:char; vertical-align:; ">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; layout-grid-mode:char; vertical-align:; "><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">卡特又間接提醒奧巴馬,如果美國譴責中國,結果只會幫倒忙。</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; layout-grid-mode:char; vertical-align:; ">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; layout-grid-mode:char; vertical-align:; "><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">主持人歐倫斯(Stephen&nbsp;A.&nbsp;Orlins)&nbsp;為美中關係全國委員會會長,他提及一段未必廣為人知的歷史。原來卡特1976年當選總統時,是第一位循較民主方式在民主黨內初選脫穎而出的候選人,之前一般都是由黨內大佬在黨大會上協商決定,可算是一種間選吧。1974年改革出爐,方見更民主的初選安排。歐倫斯表示,美國自己花了幾百年才達致今天的狀況,對別人初長的制度欠缺包容。</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-autospace:ideograph-other; layout-grid-mode:char; vertical-align:; ">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; "><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">卡特同意主持人所言,謂美國人需要明白凡事不能一步登天。他說:「我們用了12年才製成憲法,但對別國草擬憲法一年尚未完工,我們便大加責難。」</span></p>


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