「袋住先」偷走港人法定權

<p style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:0.0000pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; layout-grid-mode:char; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-justify:inter-ideograph; "><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">把「袋住先」方案(「袋案」)&nbsp;交予民調或任何以「少數服從多數」方式的表決,以製造所謂「民意」或「主流意見」,再向泛民議員施壓支持袋案,這做法犯了最根本性的謬誤:500萬港人均擁有《基本法》賦予的被選舉權及選舉權,每個人均有權放棄自己的雙權,但沒有人有權贊成別人放棄其雙權。</span></p><p style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:0.0000pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; layout-grid-mode:char; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-justify:inter-ideograph; ">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:0.0000pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; layout-grid-mode:char; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-justify:inter-ideograph; "><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">普選背後唯一的基礎理念是:在相同的權面前,人人平等。「基礎性」的意思是A的組成在理論上是建基於B,亦即是B是A背後的理據;A是否成立,只須看B合理與否。若說普選背後的理念是「人人平等」,那麼一個選舉是否真普選,就要看其過程是否「人人平等」;普選是否值得舉世推崇,就要看「人人平等」這個理念是否舉世認同的共同理。</span></p><p style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:0.0000pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; layout-grid-mode:char; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-justify:inter-ideograph; ">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:0.0000pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; layout-grid-mode:char; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-justify:inter-ideograph; "><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">「人人平等」不等於你我一樣,你有什麼我也要有。若世上只有一人,「平等」這概念不會存在。世上有兩人,分別住在X與Y國,他們之間談不上平不平等。人是要在與他有相同權的人面前,才會為保自己權益而向他人要求「平等」:我享受此權的程度不可少於你的,即是你要在我的制衡下才可享你的權。因此,「人人平等」這概念的定義性詮釋是「有相同權的人,他們要在互相同等制衡下才可行使其權」。</span></p><p style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:0.0000pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; layout-grid-mode:char; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-justify:inter-ideograph; ">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:0.0000pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; layout-grid-mode:char; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-justify:inter-ideograph; "><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">你住公屋、我住山頂屋,這不是特權;你是平民、我是皇帝,這也不算是特權。我的山頂屋及皇帝地位,根據康德權論,都是我自獲得來的權(acquired&nbsp;rights),但你我都是港人,你贊成袋案,你就奪去我當選特首及在自由意志下選心儀特首(「自主選舉權」)&nbsp;的機會,你憑什麼有此特權?在受侵權者抗命反對下,強推袋案者,行使的是強權。</span></p><p style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:0.0000pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; layout-grid-mode:char; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-justify:inter-ideograph; ">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:0.0000pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; layout-grid-mode:char; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-justify:inter-ideograph; "><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">控訴袋案奪我被選舉及自主選舉權,是因為此雙權本來就是我應該擁有的(《基本法》26條)。不但如此,你我「在法律面前一律平等」(《基本法》25條)&nbsp;,即是在「被選成為特首及選誰做特首雙權下,人人平等」:我可獲選的機會不可比你低;我選自己心儀特首時,選擇不可比你少。不過,數百萬人有機會獲選,特首候選人只得數位,機會給誰?選民500萬,是誰的心儀特首可以晉身候選人名單?</span></p><p style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:0.0000pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; layout-grid-mode:char; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-justify:inter-ideograph; ">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:0.0000pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; layout-grid-mode:char; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-justify:inter-ideograph; "><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">其實,要做到「在被選成為特首及選誰做特首雙權下,人人平等」,一點也不難,當中只須特首候選人的名單是在500萬選民互相同等制衡下產生出來的名單。當中方法有多種,最直接的是「公民提名(特首候選人)&nbsp;」,其次是有公民代表加入提委會,但最少也要做到「公民(可以)推薦(特首候選人)&nbsp;」,目的都是盡量做到名單是由500萬選民直接或間接互相制衡下產生出來的。而《基本法》要求的,「由有廣泛代表性的提委會按民主程序提名」特首候選人,選民再從中一人一票選特首,根本就是在「人人平等」原則下進行的真普選。袋案則違反《基本法》。</span></p><p style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:0.0000pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; layout-grid-mode:char; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-justify:inter-ideograph; ">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:0.0000pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; layout-grid-mode:char; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-justify:inter-ideograph; "><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">「選舉權」本質上就是「自由選擇權」&nbsp;,在康德權論中,此權是人唯一有的「先天權利」︰&nbsp;一種只要你是人便有的權利。但正正因為人人都有「自由選擇權」,所以在選擇大家都有權選擇的同一物種時,如果要「人人平等」,你我是要在互相同等制衡下才可自由選擇。同權者可以在互相同等制衡下自由選擇是「最基本人權」。袋案中的500萬選民,475萬只可由中央賦予特權的25萬人操控下的特首候選人名單中揀特首,絕大部分選民的「最基本人權」(自主)選舉權」被褫奪!</span></p><div>&nbsp;</div><p style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:0.0000pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; layout-grid-mode:char; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-justify:inter-ideograph; "><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">「被選舉權」屬於康德權論中的「法定權」(positive&#9585;statutory&nbsp;right)&nbsp;,此權是要經立法程序去確立,當中涉及一位立法者(legislator)&nbsp;。是中央透過《基本法》確立所有港人平等的「被選舉權」。袋案中,只有中央欽點的數位港人有「被選舉權」!</span></p><p style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:0.0000pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; layout-grid-mode:char; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-justify:inter-ideograph; ">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:0.0000pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; layout-grid-mode:char; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-justify:inter-ideograph; "><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">近日,建制派及特府開始吹風民調有傾向支持袋案。姑勿論民調真偽,奪權方案是否「袋住先」,根本不是一個屬於表決性的問題。你有權代表自己放棄雙權,但你有權贊成我雙權被奪嗎?</span></p><p style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:0.0000pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; layout-grid-mode:char; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-justify:inter-ideograph; ">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:0.0000pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; layout-grid-mode:char; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-justify:inter-ideograph; "><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">袋案中,反對者反對的是自己被奪去他原本應有的法定「被選舉權」及最基本人權(「(自主)&nbsp;選舉權」;贊成的,他們贊成的不是特首候選人要提委過半數支持&#8230;&#8230;而是港人當中絕大部分人的雙權被奪!贊成者有權同意放棄自己的雙權,但他們有權同意他人雙權被奪嗎?拿袋案去作民調,95%(500萬分之475萬分)反對是應該的(expected&nbsp;answer),因為是95%的人被奪權。不過,就算95%贊成、5%反對,方案亦不可以因此而被通過。縱使被奪權的只是一人,其他4999999人都沒有權奪去其權!</span></p><p style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:0.0000pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; layout-grid-mode:char; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-justify:inter-ideograph; ">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:0.0000pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; layout-grid-mode:char; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-justify:inter-ideograph; "><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">袋案袋着與否,不是一個表決性的問題:反對方案的,在不損害他人雙權的同時保護自己的雙權;支持方案的,在放棄自己雙權的同時亦褫奪了別人的雙權。一個人擁有的權,自己可以放棄,但別人一定不可、亦無權褫奪!</span></p><p style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:0.0000pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; layout-grid-mode:char; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-justify:inter-ideograph; ">&nbsp;</p><p><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">「袋住先」方案是奪權方案,不能由表決定案。所以,將來立法會若真有機會表決任何在人大8.31決定下的「袋住先」方案,議員否決時,理由只應有一個:此方案奪權!而不是方案不夠完美。政治講求妥協,但無人可以代表他人作出妥協!</span></p>