<h1><img alt="巴基斯坦空军战斗机" src="http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/ws/660/amz/worldservice/live/assets/images/2015/03/16/150316023116_pakistan_air_force_china_640x360_ap.jpg" width="640" height="360" style="color: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; height: auto; max-width: 100%; -webkit-user-select: none; width: 645.775024414063px; display: block;" /></h1><div style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, \’Microsoft YaHei\’, 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, \’WenQuanYi Micro Hei\’, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 12.8000001907349px; margin: 0px 53.7750015258789px 0px auto; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;"><figure style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 32px -54.2249984741211px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; clear: both; background-color: #111111;"><figcaption style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 16px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; color: #ececec; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 1.2rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.33333; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; display: block;">在2010年中国珠海航展中的巴基斯坦空军战斗机——巴基斯坦是过去5年中接受中国武器出口的主要国家之一</span></figcaption></figure><p style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 1.6rem; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.5; margin-top: 28px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">一份新的研究报告显示，中国排在美国和俄罗斯之后，成为世界第三大武器出口国。</p><p style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 1.6rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.5; margin-top: 23px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">斯德哥尔摩国际和平研究所（Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, SIPRI）在3月16日（周一）发布的一份报告指，中国在2010至2014年间的武器出口方面已经赶超了德国、法国和英国。</p><p style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 1.6rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.5; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">作为世界第二大经济体，中国目前在世界武器出口总量中占5%，其中超过三分之二是输往巴基斯坦、孟加拉国和缅甸这三个亚洲国家；此外，在这五年当中，中国的武器出口客户还包括18个非洲国家。</p><p style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 1.6rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.5; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">该报告还指，研究所反映的是武器输送的数量，而并不反映这些进出口贸易的经济价值。</p><h2>美俄仍遥遥领先</h2><p style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 1.6rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.5; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">在至2014为止的五年中，中国的主要武器出口量比上一个五年上升了143%。</p><p style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 1.6rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.5; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">在同一时间段，德国的武器出口量减少了43%，法国则下降了27%。</p><p style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 1.6rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.5; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">与这些变化相对应的，是全世界的武器进出口贸易总量上升了16%。</p><p style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 1.6rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.5; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">不过，虽然中国在全球的排名大幅上升，但它的出口问题与世界最大的两个出口国——美国和俄罗斯——之间仍有较大的差距。</p><p style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 1.6rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.5; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">美国占世界武器出口总量的31%，俄罗斯的武器销售则占世界的27%，这两个国家的武器出口在调查所覆盖的时间段内分别上升了23%和37%。</p><p style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 1.6rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.5; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">SIPRI以每五年为一个阶段比较武器销售，因为以年度划分的武器贸易数量会比较波动。</p><h2>世界十大主要武器输出国及2010－2014年间所占的全球出口比例</h2><ol style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; list-style: none;"><li style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 1.6rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.5; margin: 18px 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 4px; vertical-align: baseline; list-style: decimal outside;">美国——31%</li><li style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 1.6rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.5; margin: 18px 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 4px; vertical-align: baseline; list-style: decimal outside;">俄罗斯——27%</li><li style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 1.6rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.5; margin: 18px 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 4px; vertical-align: baseline; list-style: decimal outside;">中国——5%</li><li style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 1.6rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.5; margin: 18px 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 4px; vertical-align: baseline; list-style: decimal outside;">德国——5%</li><li style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 1.6rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.5; margin: 18px 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 4px; vertical-align: baseline; list-style: decimal outside;">法国——%</li><li style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 1.6rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.5; margin: 18px 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 4px; vertical-align: baseline; list-style: decimal outside;">英国——4%</li><li style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 1.6rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.5; margin: 18px 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 4px; vertical-align: baseline; list-style: decimal outside;">西班牙——3%</li><li style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 1.6rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.5; margin: 18px 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 4px; vertical-align: baseline; list-style: decimal outside;">意大利——3%</li><li style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 1.6rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.5; margin: 18px 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 4px; vertical-align: baseline; list-style: decimal outside;">乌克兰——3%</li><li style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 1.6rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.5; margin: 18px 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 4px; vertical-align: baseline; list-style: decimal outside;">以色列——2%</li></ol><ul style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 18px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; list-style: none;"><li style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 1.6rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.5; margin: 18px 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 4px; vertical-align: baseline; list-style: square outside;"><em style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">数据来源：斯德哥尔摩国际和平研究所（SIPRI）</em></li></ul></div>