<p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, \’Microsoft YaHei\’, 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, \’WenQuanYi Micro Hei\’, sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.5; margin-top: 28px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;"><div style="display: inline-block;"></div></p><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, \’Microsoft YaHei\’, 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, \’WenQuanYi Micro Hei\’, sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.5; margin-top: 28px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;"><div style="display: inline-block;"><span class="image-and-copyright-container" style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, \’Microsoft YaHei\’, 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, \’WenQuanYi Micro Hei\’, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 17.7778px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; display: block; position: relative;"><img class="js-image-replace" alt="" src="http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/ws/660/amz/worldservice/live/assets/images/2015/09/16/150916062825_taiwans_national_flag_976x549_afp_nocredit.jpg" width="646" height="363" style="color: #bdbdbd; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; height: 363px; max-width: 100%; -webkit-user-select: none; width: 646px; display: block;" align="left" /><span class="off-screen" style="border: 0px !important; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px !important; vertical-align: baseline; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Image copyright</span><span class="story-image-copyright" style="border: 0px; color: #ececec; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.5625rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.25px; line-height: 1; margin: 0px; padding: 3px 8px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0px; background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6);">AFP</span></span></div></p><figcaption class="media-caption" style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, \’Microsoft YaHei\’, 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, \’WenQuanYi Micro Hei\’, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 17.7778px; margin: 0px; padding: 16px; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible;"><span class="off-screen" style="border: 0px !important; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px !important; vertical-align: baseline; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Image caption</span><span class="media-caption__text" style="border: 0px; color: #ececec; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.33333; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; display: block;">最新民调显示,在被问到预期台湾统独走向时,认为台湾能一直维持现状的,仅有14.4%。</span></figcaption><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, \’Microsoft YaHei\’, 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, \’WenQuanYi Micro Hei\’, sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.5; margin-top: 28px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">台湾进入倒计时的总统选举,在声势遥遥领先的民进党参选蔡英文提出两岸维持现状,国民党从先前提名的洪秀柱,到刚换上的朱立伦,都对蔡英文提出质疑,她要维持的是什么样的现状。</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, \’Microsoft YaHei\’, 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, \’WenQuanYi Micro Hei\’, sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.5; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">台海"维持现状"这个经常也被美国提到的说法,是台湾政治人物显学,也是民调选项的常胜军。据《联合报》在上个月公布的一份民调说,过半台湾民众希望两岸间"永远维持现状"。</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, \’Microsoft YaHei\’, 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, \’WenQuanYi Micro Hei\’, sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.5; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">但台湾中央研究院社会所近期发表的一份民调,除了调查民众的主观意愿外,也调查了人们对未来的预期。该调查数字显示,认为台海能维持现状的民众并不多,反而是近半民众预期台湾将"被统一"。</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, \’Microsoft YaHei\’, 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, \’WenQuanYi Micro Hei\’, sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.5; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">据该民调显示,在被问到预期台湾统独走向时,有49.7%认为台湾将会被中国统一,另有35.9%认为台湾会走向独立,而认为台湾能一直维持现状的,则仅有14.4%。</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, \’Microsoft YaHei\’, 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, \’WenQuanYi Micro Hei\’, sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.5; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">中研院负责此一专题研究的是其社会所的中国效应研究小组。该小组是针对世界各地区、国家各种可归因于"中国崛起"的社会变迁议题进行研究,且特别是对台湾社会变迁的影响。</p><h2>走向被统一?</h2><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, \’Microsoft YaHei\’, 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, \’WenQuanYi Micro Hei\’, sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.5; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">过去在民进党提出修宪改国号等台湾独立具体政策时,国民党提出的即是"维持现状"主张来抗衡。而在蔡英文目前也主张维持现状下,国民党从马英九、洪秀柱到朱立伦,都要蔡交代她要维持的是不是眼下的现状。</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, \’Microsoft YaHei\’, 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, \’WenQuanYi Micro Hei\’, sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.5; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">据马英九定义,现状是两岸在九二共识下"维持和平繁荣的现状,绝不是七年前民进党执政时两岸屡生冲突对立的现状"。不过此前声势浩大的太阳花运动参与者则说马打造的现状,是将台湾锁进被中国统一命运。</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, \’Microsoft YaHei\’, 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, \’WenQuanYi Micro Hei\’, sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.5; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">从民调来看统一并不受欢迎。中研院民调显示人们主观上支持统一者仅约一成多,这样的数字与此前其它机构调查结果类似,包括TVBS及新台湾国策智库的调查都显示若无维持现状选项,选择统一的有约一成多民众,选择独立民众则约七成。</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, \’Microsoft YaHei\’, 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, \’WenQuanYi Micro Hei\’, sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.5; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">而洪秀柱在陆续说出一中同表及宪法终极统一,其民调迅速下跌到与统一类似的一成多支持率下,国民党即是以其两岸政策偏离主流民意的理由,癈除其提名。</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, \’Microsoft YaHei\’, 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, \’WenQuanYi Micro Hei\’, sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.5; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">虽然民调来看支持统一的仅是少数,且像是洪秀柱一些号称动员万人的"挺柱"活动仅数百人到场而被讪笑,但洪的支持者中也包括了许多台湾军队退役将军,以及宗教领袖星云等人。</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, \’Microsoft YaHei\’, 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, \’WenQuanYi Micro Hei\’, sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.5; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">界定台湾属于中国一部份的"九二共识",在台湾则是有众多国民党官员、媒体、学者、及跨两岸巨富商人对民众说台湾必须要接受。</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, \’Microsoft YaHei\’, 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, \’WenQuanYi Micro Hei\’, sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.5; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">而眼下代表国民党参选的朱立伦虽批评洪偏离主流民意,但在他同习近平对话时提出的"两岸同属一中",也被政治评论员认为与洪只是提法不同,但统一方向一致。</p><h2>定义现状</h2><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, \’Microsoft YaHei\’, 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, \’WenQuanYi Micro Hei\’, sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.5; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">美国经常提到的维持台海现状,其定义的现状到底是什么,曾经是国务院官员被问到时回答不出的问题。这种模糊定义被观察家认为,好处是可以令华盛顿根据不同情况作出符合其当时利益的解释。</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, \’Microsoft YaHei\’, 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, \’WenQuanYi Micro Hei\’, sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.5; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">相对来说北京定义的现状则从不模糊:台湾是中国尚未收回不可分割领土的一部份,且台湾的政府只是一个中国的地方政府。</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, \’Microsoft YaHei\’, 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, \’WenQuanYi Micro Hei\’, sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.5; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">而台湾两大政党的维持现状说法,显然也存在模糊成份,不直接表明其在统独的立场。这种模糊话术用政治评论员的话说是"打安定牌"、"向中间靠拢",据说好处是在选举时争取最多选票。</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, \’Microsoft YaHei\’, 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, \’WenQuanYi Micro Hei\’, sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.5; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">不过从中研院民调显示出的情况则是:在仅有一成多民众认为现状能维持下,两个主要政党正在主张被台湾民众认为不可能的事。</p>