林煥光:領袖用帝王管治方法死硬

<p style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:0.0000pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; layout-grid-mode:char; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-justify:inter-ideograph; "><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">行政會議召集人林煥光昨應邀出席中大講座,講述1789年英國商船豐裕號船長嚴苛管治引致船員叛變事件,指出領袖運用權力需行公義,用得其法。有學生指去年數以萬計市民參與佔領運動,是否借故事反映特首梁振英管治有問題、沒公義。林否認借古諷今,強調兩者沒關連,但認為若現今領袖再套用古代帝王的管治方法是「死硬」。</span></p><p style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:0.0000pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; layout-grid-mode:char; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-justify:inter-ideograph; ">&nbsp;</p><div><img src="/EditBackyard/EditorData/Photo/24la5p2swe.jpg" width="400" height="271" alt="" />&nbsp;</div><p style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:0.0000pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; layout-grid-mode:char; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-justify:inter-ideograph; "><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-style: italic; font-size: 12pt;">林煥光(右)昨應中大邀請,出席由學者蔡子強(左)主持的講座。</span></p><p style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:0.0000pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; layout-grid-mode:char; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-justify:inter-ideograph; "><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-style: italic; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">約200名中大師生昨出席講座。林煥光詳述英國商船豐裕號叛變事件,指事件反映個人與集體、人性與制度、自由與紀律的衝突和體現,考驗領導能力。在問答環節時,講座主持中大政治與行政學系高級講師蔡子強問到,這段歷史對香港特區及中國政府有何啟發。林認為某程度上下達命令就要運用權力,但在現今文明社會,無論企業或政府,運用權力就需有白紙黑字的成文規定,「再唔係二、三千年前帝王嗰陣」。</span></p><p style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:0.0000pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; layout-grid-mode:char; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-justify:inter-ideograph; "><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">林續指,領袖運用權力時需知自己想表達甚麼意見給下屬,「如果以19世末、20世紀初一啲所謂corporate(企業)大王呢,佢哋ruled&nbsp;like&nbsp;a&nbsp;king(管治如國王),即完全冇可爭執、冇可異議、更加選舉乜嘢都冇,但有啲係好成功。但係你現代嚟講,大家可以睇到,你再係repeat呢啲咁嘅model係死硬,因為根本冇人入你呢間公司做」。</span></p><p style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:0.0000pt; padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt ; layout-grid-mode:char; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-justify:inter-ideograph; "><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">蔡子強指現時政府被批評有權用到盡,也欠缺理據令人心服口服,叛變歷史會否在特區政府重演。林認為,當時為維持紀律和保障航行安全,船隊必須用上高壓管治,「但用乜嘢心態去執行係最重要」。現今社會有時候需嚴苛管治,但也要符合公義。</span></p><h2><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 12pt;">否認借古諷今</span></h2><h1><span style="font-family: Arial; color: #000000; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">有學生問他「係咪想指出特首梁振英管治好有問題,佢嘅管治係咪有公義呢?」林否認借古諷今,「唔係為特首而設計呢個古仔」,並強調這題目原為領袖訓練之用。</span></h1><h1><span style="font-family: Arial; color: #000000; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">蔡子強指林在特區政府中算是敢言的人,但也曾受到愛國報章批評。《大公報》曾刊登署名評論,狠批林發表當時政府處於癱瘓狀態、佔中運動具教育性的言論。前年政府拒向香港電視發牌,林也曾指行會只是顧問角色給意見,最終由特首拍板,被指與特首劃清界線,但事後他澄清沒刻意割席。</span></h1><h1><span style="font-family: Arial; color: #000000; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 12pt;">引英船長高壓遭叛變歷史</span>&nbsp;</h1><p style="margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:0.0000pt; layout-grid-mode:char; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-justify:inter-ideograph; "><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">林煥光昨以豐裕號叛變事件(Mutiny&nbsp;on&nbsp;the&nbsp;Bounty)作演講。該段歷史發生於1789年,當時英國海軍奉命到大溪地尋找麵包樹(Breadfruit),打算把果苗移植到西印度群島殖民地。負責這次任務的船長William&nbsp;Bligh,出名紀律嚴苛,常施以笞刑;相反,二副Fletcher&nbsp;Christian跟船員有商有量。</span></p><p style="margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:0.0000pt; layout-grid-mode:char; text-autospace:ideograph-numeric; text-justify:inter-ideograph; "><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">當時的船員非自願性,部份因在囚或欠債,而不得已上船工作。連船長在內,46名船員花了1年時間到達大溪地,在當地逗留5個月採集果苗,船員紀律變得鬆散。當啟程返英時便出現變數,Bligh因急於領功,高壓管治更變本加厲,甚至誣衊二副偷椰子。有記載該次任務Bligh曾施以229次笞刑。</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">結果二副帶頭造反,Bligh及18名追隨者被趕落船,自行坐小艇返英。二副與部份船員另覓荒島落地生根。後來英國海軍派員緝拿叛徒,二副及船員也因內鬥而死於島上。</span></p>


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