三股勢力的一次交鋒

<p><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">由香港東亞民情研究社和香港中觀研究所主辦、香港百家戰略智庫協辦的&#8220;2016香港一國兩制及本土思潮研討會&#8221;於</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">2016年</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">4月27日在香港舉行,香港建制、泛民及本土三大派的17名代表,包括泛民的4位立法會議員出席了研討會,併發表了演講。這是香港本土思潮興起的幾年來三派集中的人數最多的一次聚會。</span></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">由於主題切合目前香港實際以及出席的嘉賓在香港政壇上的分量,多家香港和國際主流媒體記者到場採訪,與會者眾。建制派代表包括了民建聯副主席周浩鼎、全國港澳研究會香港會員朱家建;泛民代表包括了民主黨立法會議員單仲偕、公民黨立法會議員梁家傑、毛孟靜,以及工黨主席、立法會議員李卓人;本土派的代表包括青年新政召集人梁頌恒、東九龍社區關注組召集人陳澤滔、《香港革新論》主編方志恒以及香港大學學生會《學苑》雜誌前總編輯劉以正。發表演講的還有來自臺灣的前陸軍副總司令吳斯懷、香港資深媒體人程翔和紀碩鳴、負責泛民選舉協調的鄭宇碩教授等。正在獄中的劉夢熊也委託代表宣讀了他的發言稿。</span></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">泛民、建制和本土三派的交鋒異常激烈,</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">各自</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">論點清晰,立場鮮明,點出了問題的實質和矛盾所在,得到在場不同政治觀點的會與者的共鳴。</span></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><strong><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 12pt;">本土主義出現源於一國兩制失敗</span></strong><strong></strong></p><p><strong>&nbsp;</strong></p><p><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">泛民的代表在發言中嚴厲譴責梁振英的施政錯誤將香港帶入一個撕裂和抗爭的時代,北京中央政府的錯誤干預導致了香港新世代青年的自決和獨立的傾向,認為一國兩制失敗,沒有為香港帶來歸回時港人期待的政治經濟好景,而是日益顯露出一國兩制的欺騙性和對香港原有社會制度毀滅性。</span></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">民主黨立法會議員單仲偕在發言中稱,</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">本土主義的出現</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">是因為現在仍未能真正</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">落實一國兩制,完全背離</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">了</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">當年鄧小平</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">的</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">構想,</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">這</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">令港人非常失望。</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">一國兩制</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">是70</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">年代末期提出</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">的概念</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">。</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">原先的</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">構想,</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">是提</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">倡</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">在</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">80年代</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">初開始</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">充分、具體地討論,</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">是否應該</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">透過一國兩制</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">模式</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">收回香港,</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">使</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">香港能夠平穩過渡。</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">由</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">80年代中英聯合聲明出台</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">的</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">1984年,</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">到制訂</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">基本法</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">的</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">時候,</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">有</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">關</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">特</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">首</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">產生的辦法</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">協商表示</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">係由選舉產生。</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">可是到了</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">今天,中央對香港</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">的</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">干預</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">程</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">度</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">愈來愈高,</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">一國兩制</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">的實施</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">對</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">港人而言</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">已經破產,</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">更遑論</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">高度自治。</span></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">認為一國兩制已經失敗的單仲偕說,</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">2014</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">年</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">發表</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">的</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">6.10白</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">皮書</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">,矮化香港的自治地位,破壞香港核心價值</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">。</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">港大副校長風波</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">、</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">李</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">波事件等等,都令香港人</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">愈來愈</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">擔心</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">及恐懼</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">。本土思潮</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">的氾濫</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">係隨着破產</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">了的</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">一國兩制</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">而</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">興起</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">。</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">中</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">央</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">高度介入</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">特首</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">選</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">舉</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">,香港人沒法透</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">過</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">選票選出自</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">己</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">的</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">特首。</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">自回歸以來的</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">三屆特首</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">,前兩任</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">:</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">一個自稱腳痛、一個被稱</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">貪曾,</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">雖然令</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">市民對特區政府</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">的</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">信任崩潰,</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">但是第</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">三</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">任</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">特首梁振英上台,</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">就</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">激發、引爆本土思潮,</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">分離意</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">識</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">甚至港獨的萌芽、發酵</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">。</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">8.31決定</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">更加扭曲及剝奪港人的雙普選權利,明顯摧毀</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">一國兩制,</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">深深激怒了本來就長期處於憤懣之中的香港市民,因而催生</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">本土思潮、</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">命運自決的論述。</span></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">公民黨立法會議員梁家傑認為是中央</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">對</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">港人</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">背信棄義</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">,回歸時以一國兩制做掩護,到頭來並沒有給香港人普選的機會,導致香港人的反彈。</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">梁振英作為中央政府的管治代理人,明顯偏離了港人在回歸時對一國兩制的想像,如果不能產生一個向香港人問責的政府,那麼我們珍惜的制度是無法保留的。在英國人的殖民管治的最後二十年,我們沒有付出爭取民主的代價,但享受了香港制度中最好的兩個東西&#8212;&#8212;自由和法治。因為派遣管治香港的港督的英國政府是一個民主的政府。回歸後,宗主國的中國是人民民主專政的國家,人大掌握一切法律權力,沒有受到監察,擁有無上權威。除非香港在地有一個普選,產生一個向香港人問責的公權機構,否則香港的自由法治和其它制度就無法保障。港獨的討論就是在這個背景下產生的。</span></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">資深媒體人程翔認為,導致出現&#8220;獨立建國&#8221;的聲音完全是因為北京從</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">2003年開始加緊干預香港的管治,2008年組成了第二個管治中心,從一國兩制的承諾一步步倒退。人們從&#8220;民主回歸&#8221;的期盼發展到&#8220;獨立建國&#8221;的期許。梁振英上台後主動壓縮&#8220;兩制&#8221;空間,迫使香港人高舉本土主義的旗幟。</span></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><strong><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 12pt;">本土派:以&#8220;一國&#8221;凌駕&#8220;兩制&#8221;</span></strong><strong></strong></p><p><strong>&nbsp;</strong></p><p><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">本土派代表闡述了香港新一代青年已經覺醒,認識到過去泛民的爭取民主模式已經失敗和過時,民主回歸運動走入死胡同,必須以新的抗爭方式來喚醒大眾,捍衛香港的價值觀、自由和固有制度。代表們表明本土意識並不是鄉土情懷和血緣聯繫,而是香港本地獨有的歷史觀和價值觀,不受大陸侵蝕的司法體制、廉潔公務員體系,以及人們能夠享有的言論、思想、出版、結社等多方面的自由和權利。香港自決運動不可逆轉,與北京強加於港人的&#8220;用社會主義來管理資本主義&#8221;這套手法進行抗爭,已開始了新的歷史篇章。</span></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">本土派的代表人物,青年新政召集人梁頌恒說,過去</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">,本土對大多數香港人而言是陌生</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">的</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">概念。近幾年忽然變成城中熱話,有關香港人的身份認同和主體性既爭論非常熱烈。香港雖然</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">在</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">中國旁邊,但地域,文化,語言,經濟,經歷都自成一格。但中國決意收回香港之後,其論調一直離</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">不</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">開</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">回歸</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8221;、&#8220;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">統一</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">,以</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">一國</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">凌駕</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">兩制</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">,完全</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">不</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">正視中港之間各種隔閡。</span></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">他說,</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">本土意識</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">的</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">冒起,始於</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">2003年7月1日</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">。香港人第一次發現兩個主體中間</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">的</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">矛盾而群起反抗。其後數年,保衛天星皇后碼頭和保衛菜園村行動,有人</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">說是</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">潛藏對港英時期舊有生活方式</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">的</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">懷念,但我更覺得</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">是</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">新世代認為香港是自己的家園,</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">不</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">再</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">是&#8220;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">借</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">來的</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">地方,借</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">來的</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">時間。</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8221;</span></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">他說,</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">其後數年</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">的</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">事件</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">,如</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">d&amp;g</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">名店外的靜默示威、</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">新界東北發展</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">、</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">反國民教育</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">、</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">光復運動</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">、</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">反雙非</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">、</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">反三非等</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">民間運動,</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">將本土意識推高至今。因為香港人意識到如果再</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">不有所作為</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">,香港</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">的</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">風尚秩序將蕩然無存,淪為中國</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">的</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">一個劣質城市。</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">香港</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">社會權力核心</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">、</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">政府議會都</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">不是</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">從香港人</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">的</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">視點去</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">看</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">社會問題</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">和</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">解決方案,</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">這個是</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">絕大部分社會問題</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">的</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">源頭。香港和中國,有不同歷史</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">、</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">人口</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">、</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">文化</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">、</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">語言。香港人是一個獨立的民族。顯然,共同經歷造就了共同的想法</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">,新世</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">代香港人,不論膚色種族,</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">大部分</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">都係</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">是</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">天然本土主義者</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">他們都甘願成為香港人,並真正關心香港命運,忠於香港。</span></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">他說,如今,</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">大量組織以建構香港民族</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">、</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">民族前途自決為綱領探討二次前途問題。港獨不再是禁語</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">大家開始建構</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">不</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">同出路。</span></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">港大學生會刊物《學苑》前總編輯劉以正認為,目前出現的香港民族主義是一種防衛式的民族主義,它產生於中港融合的背景下香港利益和價值觀不斷被蠶食,包括不同類型的&#8220;赤化&#8221;,簡體字,香港人的身份和文化受到非常大的威脅。梁振英施政三年來,管治手法是以民為敵,逆民意而行,連最保守的建制派他也可以不理睬。現在的年輕人已經發展出一種不同以往的身份認同,本土主義不單純停留在一種理論和思想的層面,已成為可以決定未來的一個主意。</span></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><strong><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 12pt;">建制派:本土是鄉土之情</span></strong><strong></strong></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">建制派代表認為,一國兩制不能說已經失敗,只是還沒有成功,需要時間證明。港獨沒有出路,公民自決也不可行,政策可以調整,對立派別需要溝通、協調,修正錯誤概念。</span></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">代表建制派出席研討會的全國港澳研究會香港特約會員朱家建說,&#8220;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">本土</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">一詞,原本是溫暖的,清新的,但在政治化後,彷彿成為了三場選舉的</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">助選團</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">,第三路人馬異軍凸起,有泛民政黨忽視</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">本土</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">,連建制黨派也</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">本土</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">起來。</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">本土</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">概念是不是已被濫用?</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">強調</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">本土</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">者卻賣港,大有人在。而戀殖、不願接受現實和歷史,或漠視《中英聯合聲明》的說自己</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">本土</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">,太牽強。</span></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">朱家建用英文字LOCAL來解析本土概念,即</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">第一個"L"代表LIVING,"O"代表ORIGINATE,"C"代表CAREER,"A"代表AFFILIATION,另一個"L"代表"LOVE"。</span></p><p style="margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">LIVING即生活,包括成長、唸書、就業,居住,俗些一句,生老病死,安居樂業。享受</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">香港式</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">生活</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">共同在香港生活成長,要求同存異,共融生活。ORIGINATE即來源,解為</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">父母祖輩</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8221;、&#8220;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">港二代</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">、</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">港三代</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">,甚至乎是</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">原居民</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">,香港從來都是移民城市,</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">過客</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">是否算</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">本土</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">,字面已回答各位了。CAREER即終身事業,這包括打工仔或自僱人士,以香港為家,以香港為軸心發展所長, 貢獻和建設香港。AFFILIATION即聯繫,這可以是藉貫、祖藉、家族血脈、婚姻、網絡聯繫、校友聯繫、定居等。LOVE即一個字,</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8220;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">愛</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">&#8221;</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">。</span></p><p style="margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&nbsp;</p><p><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">被稱為&#8220;半建制半泛民&#8221;的前全國政協委員劉夢熊在獄中寫的文章</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">,在研討會上被委託宣讀</span><span style="font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 12pt;">,批評了梁振英上臺3年半以來導致一國兩制出現前所未有的走樣和變形,根源是左和右兩方面錯誤造成。劉夢熊特別批評中央政府和梁振英不尊重兩制差異,違反《基本法》的若干條文。</span></p>