纪念六四,香港民运人士谈分歧与矛盾

<div><img src="/EditBackyard/EditorData/Photo/2016/Jun/64201605-1b.jpg" width="600" height="400" alt="" /></div><div>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<p style="margin-top: -5px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 12px; color: #666666; width: 600px; font-family: Arial, \’Heiti SC\’, \’Microsoft Yahei\’, simsun, sans-serif;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Lam Yik Fei for The New York Times</p><p style="margin-top: 3px; line-height: 16px; color: #909090; font-family: Arial, \’Heiti SC\’, \’Microsoft Yahei\’, simsun, sans-serif;">李卓人,立法会议员、抗议领袖</p><div>&nbsp;</div><div><p style="line-height: 24px; font-size: 14px; font-family: Arial, \’Heiti SC\’, \’Microsoft Yahei\’, simsun, sans-serif;">香港&#8212;&#8212;过去26年来,每逢6月4日,数以万计的香港人都会聚集在维多利亚公园参加年度烛光集会活动,纪念在北京军事镇压抗议活动时身亡的民主示威者。来自中国大陆的活动人士、香港学生领袖以及政界人士会共同宣布,他们将团结一致,继续争取中国的政治变革。</p><p style="line-height: 24px; font-size: 14px; font-family: Arial, \’Heiti SC\’, \’Microsoft Yahei\’, simsun, sans-serif;">但今年不同。香港最大的学生组织称将不再参加这一纪念活动。本地年轻人愈发关注首先在香港实现更广泛的民主和自治,一些人甚至呼吁从中国独立。本周六为当年镇压事件的纪念日,在此之前我们采访了几位政界人士和学生,询问了他们对这个半自治地区的民主运动中不断增加的分歧以及运动该如何继续的看法。这里是他们的回答。</p></div><div>&nbsp;</div><div><p style="line-height: 24px; font-size: 14px; font-family: Arial, \’Heiti SC\’, \’Microsoft Yahei\’, simsun, sans-serif;"><strong>李卓人,立法会议员、抗议领袖</strong></p><p style="line-height: 24px; font-size: 14px; font-family: Arial, \’Heiti SC\’, \’Microsoft Yahei\’, simsun, sans-serif;">&#8220;我可以被称作是1989年那一代的人,因为那个时候我们所有的人都倾注了我们全部的热情,全部的理想。&#8221;59岁的李卓人说。1989年天安门抗议事件的最后几天,李卓人在北京。&#8220;那场中国学生发起的民主运动中所承载的对民主的渴望,我们都感同身受。&#8221;</p><p style="line-height: 24px; font-size: 14px; font-family: Arial, \’Heiti SC\’, \’Microsoft Yahei\’, simsun, sans-serif;">李卓人是工党的一名议员,曾任香港市民支援爱国民主运动联合会主席(Hong Kong Alliance in Support of Patriotic Democratic Movements&nbsp;of China,简称支联会)。在对北京抗议者的同情之中,1989年5月,支联会成立,它也是维多利亚公园烛光集会活动的主要组织机构。天安门的镇压行为被中国政府称为是对&#8220;<a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.nytimes.com/1989/06/04/world/crackdown-beijing-troops-attack-crush-beijing-protest-thousands-fight-back.html?pagewanted=all&amp;version=meter+at+0&amp;module=meter-Links&amp;pgtype=article&amp;contentId=&amp;mediaId=&amp;referrer=http%3A%2F%2Fcms.em.nytimes.com%2Fcontent%2Fpublish%2Fpreview%3FcontentId%3D100000004444408%26branchName%3Dweb&amp;priority=true&amp;action=click&amp;contentCollection=meter-links-click" style="text-decoration: none; color: #004276; outline: 0px;">反革命暴乱</a>&#8221;进行的必要压制。在镇压行为之后,支联会呼吁&#8220;平反八九民运、追究屠城责任、结束一党专政、建设民主中国&#8221;。</p><p style="line-height: 24px; font-size: 14px; font-family: Arial, \’Heiti SC\’, \’Microsoft Yahei\’, simsun, sans-serif;">&#8220;这不是一个身份问题,&#8221;李卓人说。&#8220;这是一个策略问题。如果我们想掌握香港未来的话语权,我们需要推翻这个一党专政的国家。我们需要改变中国,那我们可以和谁联合起来呢?就是那些在中国的人。要允许有公民社会、抗议行动、维护人权行动、宗教活动、劳工运动的存在。如果我们可以为这些民主活动助力,并给予支持,那么我们就可以拥有未来。这同我们在香港的运动息息相关。&#8221;</p><div>&nbsp;</div><div><img src="/EditBackyard/EditorData/Photo/2016/Jun/64201605-2b.jpg" width="600" height="400" alt="" />&nbsp;</div><div>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial; line-height: 15px;">&nbsp;Lam Yik Fei for The New York Times</span><br />&nbsp;</div><div><p style="margin-top: -5px; width: 190px; color: #666666; line-height: 15px; font-family: arial;">&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="font-family: arial; line-height: 16px;">黄洋达,社会活动人士</span></p><div>&nbsp;</div><div><p style="line-height: 24px; font-size: 14px; font-family: Arial, \’Heiti SC\’, \’Microsoft Yahei\’, simsun, sans-serif;"><strong>黄洋达,社会活动人士</strong></p><p style="line-height: 24px; font-size: 14px; font-family: Arial, \’Heiti SC\’, \’Microsoft Yahei\’, simsun, sans-serif;">黄洋达,37岁,是另行举办的六四集会的组织者。这些活动的范围从2014年的一个街区扩大到了今年的五个。他创立的政治组织&#8220;热血公民&#8221;,是与中国大陆背道而驰的本土派运动的一部分。他的党派呼吁通过修改《基本法》给予香港更大的自治权。《基本法》是在&#8220;一国两制&#8221;的原则下制定的小宪法,确认了1997年香港的回归。</p><p style="line-height: 24px; font-size: 14px; font-family: Arial, \’Heiti SC\’, \’Microsoft Yahei\’, simsun, sans-serif;">&#8220;要求平反六四这个纲领很弱,&#8221;他说道。&#8220;那时在北京的学生追求的是政治改革,不是要避免被称作动乱分子。要中共为学生平反只是认同其合法性。&#8221;</p><p style="line-height: 24px; font-size: 14px; font-family: Arial, \’Heiti SC\’, \’Microsoft Yahei\’, simsun, sans-serif;">&#8220;这同时亦变相承认香港对中国只为附庸角色,&#8221;他说。&#8220;要是我们继续让支联会散播这种意识,对香港本土民主运动会有害。&#8221;</p><p style="line-height: 24px; font-size: 14px; font-family: Arial, \’Heiti SC\’, \’Microsoft Yahei\’, simsun, sans-serif;">&#8220;我另举办六四集会不只是要挑战支联会,而是要想化愤怒为行动。我们今年在五区举办五个集会。焦点是要记着六四及认识中共政权的面目,和去争取我们的主权和自治。我们要修改宪法。&#8221;</p><div>&nbsp;</div><div><img src="/EditBackyard/EditorData/Photo/2016/Jun/64201605-3b.jpg" width="600" height="400" alt="" />&nbsp;</div><div>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial; line-height: 15px;">Lam Yik Fei for The New York Times</span><br />&nbsp;<span style="font-family: arial; line-height: 16px; color: #666666;">刘慧卿,香港立法会议员,民主党现任主席。</span></div><div>&nbsp;</div>&nbsp;<p style="line-height: 24px; font-size: 14px; font-family: Arial, \’Heiti SC\’, \’Microsoft Yahei\’, simsun, sans-serif;"><strong>刘慧卿,立法会议员</strong></p><p style="line-height: 24px; font-size: 14px; font-family: Arial, \’Heiti SC\’, \’Microsoft Yahei\’, simsun, sans-serif;">63岁的刘慧卿是香港民主党现任主席。1991年,她成为香港首位通过直选进入立法局的女性议员。在当时的竞选中,对天安门抗议表示同情的候选人以压倒性的优势取得胜利。其中不少人后来成为了香港民主运动的主干。2014年,刘慧卿参与了争取普选的街头抗议,抗议呼吁让公民在选举行政长官的过程中发挥更大的作用,这场抗议后来以雨伞运动为人所知。</p><p style="line-height: 24px; font-size: 14px; font-family: Arial, \’Heiti SC\’, \’Microsoft Yahei\’, simsun, sans-serif;">&#8220;六四发生时,如今的许多年轻人还未出生,但他们知道这件事,因为老师、父母或者亲戚朋友告诉了他们,&#8221;她说,&#8220;他们认为这是国家的耻辱。所以应该得到重视。&#8221;</p><p style="line-height: 24px; font-size: 14px; font-family: Arial, \’Heiti SC\’, \’Microsoft Yahei\’, simsun, sans-serif;">&#8220;如果北京能采取行动回应这两件事&#8212;&#8212;六四大屠杀和香港争取普选的抗议,我想许多香港人会愿意接受在&#8220;一国两制&#8221;之下,做香港的&#8220;中国人&#8221;。这样对香港有利,对中国的其他部分也是。&#8221;</p><p style="line-height: 24px; font-size: 14px; font-family: Arial, \’Heiti SC\’, \’Microsoft Yahei\’, simsun, sans-serif;">&#8220;如果北京方面愿意信守承诺,自我约束,允许香港真正地享有高度自治,那么要求独立的人会相应地减少。&#8221;</p><div>&nbsp;</div><div><img src="/EditBackyard/EditorData/Photo/2016/Jun/64201605-4b.jpg" width="600" height="400" alt="" />&nbsp;</div><div>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: #666666; font-family: arial; line-height: 15px;">Lam Yik Fei for The New York Times</span><br />&nbsp;<span style="font-family: arial; line-height: 16px; color: #666666;">黄之锋,学生领袖</span></div><div><div>&nbsp;</div><p style="line-height: 24px; font-size: 14px; font-family: Arial, \’Heiti SC\’, \’Microsoft Yahei\’, simsun, sans-serif;"><strong>黄之锋,学生领袖</strong></p><p style="line-height: 24px; font-size: 14px; font-family: Arial, \’Heiti SC\’, \’Microsoft Yahei\’, simsun, sans-serif;">19岁的黄之锋是2014年街头抗议中的学生领袖。2016年,他成立了一个新的政党&#8212;&#8212;香港众志,推动对香港的政治未来进行<a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://cn.nytimes.com/china/20160218/c18hongkong/" style="text-decoration: none; color: #004276; outline: 0px;">公投</a>。他将会参加维园的六四烛光集会。</p><p style="line-height: 24px; font-size: 14px; font-family: Arial, \’Heiti SC\’, \’Microsoft Yahei\’, simsun, sans-serif;">&#8220;近几年来,这一代人不到维园的原因是,他们感到上一代泛民已经不能代表他们。&#8221;他说,&#8220;数年前,支联会还在唱中国梦,甚至龙的传人这一类的歌。这是上一代人的中国民族情怀。我们这一代,成长时见证中共如何骑劫中国人这个身份,令我们难以对此表示认同。&#8221;</p><p style="line-height: 24px; font-size: 14px; font-family: Arial, \’Heiti SC\’, \’Microsoft Yahei\’, simsun, sans-serif;">他还称,&#8220;我们最重要的目的是要告诉人们追求自决的重要。六四启动了香港的民主运动浪潮,而雨伞运动就开展了第二波浪潮。&#8221;&nbsp;</p></div></div>&nbsp;</div>&nbsp;&nbsp;</div></div>