<p><br /></p> <p><span style="font-family:SimSun;">《二手时间》(Время</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">секонд</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">хэнд)是</span>2015<span style="font-family:SimSun;">年诺贝尔文学奖得主、白俄罗斯作家阿列克谢耶维奇</span>(Svetlana Alexandravna Alexievich)<span style="font-family:SimSun;">的最新作品,</span>2016<span style="font-family:SimSun;">年</span>1<span style="font-family: SimSun;">月出了中译本,译者吕宁思,由中信出版集团出版。这部近四十万字的著作记录了作者自</span>1991<span style="font-family:SimSun;">年至</span>2012<span style="font-family:SimSun;">年的现场采访,有几个地方提到中国。我觉得有问题:</span></p> <p> </p> <p>1<span style="font-family:SimSun;">、一处出自</span>2001<span style="font-family:SimSun;">在伊尔库茨克大街上的采访,作者写得清清楚楚,</span>2001<span style="font-family:SimSun;">年</span>8<span style="font-family:SimSun;">月</span>19<span style="font-family:SimSun;">日--八一九政变十周年。伊尔库茨克--西伯利亚的首府。我在大街上做了几个简短的采访。在回答“如果国家紧急状态委员会成功了</span>(<span style="font-family:SimSun;">指</span>1991<span style="font-family:SimSun;">年的‘八一九’政变</span>)<span style="font-family:SimSun;">,会怎样</span>?<span style="font-family:SimSun;">”这个问题时,一位受访者说,“看看人家中国吧,还是共产党掌权。中国已成为世界第二大经济体了。”(</span>P15<span style="font-family:SimSun;">)</span></p> <p> </p> <p><span style="font-family:SimSun;">从网上查阅俄文原著(</span>1<span style="font-family:SimSun;">),这一段原文如下:</span></p> <p> </p> <p>1) "19 августа 2001 года — десятилетний юбилей августовского путча. Я в Иркутске — столице Сибири. Беру несколько блиц-интервью на улицах города.Вопрос:</p> <p>— Что было бы, если бы ГКЧП победил?</p> <p>Ответы:</p> <p>— Сохранили бы великую страну…</p> <p><span style="font-family:SimSun;">—</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">Посмотрите</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">на</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">Китай</span>, <span style="font-family:SimSun;">где</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">коммунисты</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">у</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">власти</span>. <span style="font-family:SimSun;">Китай</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">стал</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">второй</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">экономикой</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">в</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">мире…(</span>P14<span style="font-family:SimSun;">)</span></p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p>2<span style="font-family:SimSun;">、另一处是叶莲娜</span><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif;Microsoft YaHei"">・</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">尤里耶夫娜(Елена</span> Юрьевна<span style="font-family:SimSun;">)</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">的话。按照作者的说明,这些谈话发生在</span>1991-2001<span style="font-family:SimSun;">年之间。这位叶莲娜</span><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif;Microsoft YaHei"">・</span><span style="font-family: SimSun;">尤里耶夫娜说:“……这桌布就是中国产的,整个世界充满了中国商品。中国就是成功处理紧急状态的国家……</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">我们现在在哪儿?已经成了第三世界国家。”(</span>P64<span style="font-family:SimSun;">)。</span></p> <p> </p> <p><span style="font-family:SimSun;">俄文原著如下:</span></p> <p> </p> <p>2) " <span style="font-family:SimSun;">Скатерть</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">вот…</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">китайская…</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">Весь</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">мир</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">заполнен</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">китайскими</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">товарами</span>. <span style="font-family:SimSun;">Китай</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">—</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">страна</span>, <span style="font-family:SimSun;">где</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">ГКЧП</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">победил…</span>"<span style="font-family:SimSun;">(</span>P32<span style="font-family:SimSun;">)</span></p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p>3<span style="font-family:SimSun;">、还是叶莲娜</span><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif;Microsoft YaHei"">・</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">尤里耶夫娜(Елена</span> Юрьевна<span style="font-family:SimSun;">)</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">的话:“闹剧!到处都是闹剧!如果国家紧急状态委员会胜利了,今天我们就生活在另一个国家;如果戈尔巴乔夫没有胆怯,他们就不会用轮胎、洋娃娃,还有洗发水发工资。工厂还是那样,制铁钉的制铁钉,做香皂的做香皂。我对所有人都说:看看人家中国人,他们就是走自己的路。不依赖任何人,不模仿任何人。全世界今天都怕中国人……”(</span>P74<span style="font-family:SimSun;">)</span></p> <p> </p> <p><span style="font-family:SimSun;">俄文原著如下:</span></p> <p> </p> <p>3) "<span style="font-family:SimSun;">Всем</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">говорю</span>: <span style="font-family:SimSun;">посмотрите</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">на</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">китайцев…</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">У</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">них</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">свой</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">путь</span>. <span style="font-family:SimSun;">Ни</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">от</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">кого</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">не</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">зависят</span>, <span style="font-family:SimSun;">никому</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">не</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">подражают</span>. <span style="font-family:SimSun;">И</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">весь</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">мир</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">сегодня</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">боится</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">китайцев…</span>"<span style="font-family:SimSun;">(</span>P36-37<span style="font-family:SimSun;">)</span></p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p><span style="font-family:SimSun;">两相对照的结果,中文译文是忠实于俄文原著的。</span></p> <p> </p> <p><span style="font-family:SimSun;">疑问:在</span>2001<span style="font-family:SimSun;">年,“整个世界”还没有“充满了中国商品”。在</span>2001<span style="font-family:SimSun;">年,“全世界”也还没有“都怕中国人”。因此,这两段话的真实性可疑。尤其是,</span>2001<span style="font-family:SimSun;">年的中国还不是世界第二大经济体,而是第六或第七。中国是在</span>2010<span style="font-family:SimSun;">年或</span>2009<span style="font-family:SimSun;">年才成为世界第二大经济体的。一个俄国人在</span>2001<span style="font-family:SimSun;">年就说出“中国已成为世界第二大经济体了”,这怎么可能呢?</span></p>