<p> </p> <p align="center"><br /></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:楷体;Microsoft YaHei"">在中国</span><span style="font-family:楷体;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:楷体;Microsoft YaHei"">女人是一文不值的</span><span style="font-family:楷体;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">。</span><span style="font-family:楷体;Microsoft YaHei"">她出生以后</span><span style="font-family:楷体;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:楷体;Microsoft YaHei"">得听父亲的话</span><span style="font-family:楷体;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">;</span><span style="font-family:楷体;Microsoft YaHei"">结婚以后</span><span style="font-family:楷体;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:楷体;Microsoft YaHei"">得服从丈夫</span><span style="font-family:楷体;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">;</span><span style="font-family:楷体;Microsoft YaHei"">守寡以后</span><span style="font-family:楷体;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:楷体;Microsoft YaHei"">又得顺着儿子</span><span style="font-family:楷体;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">。</span></p> <p align="right"><span style="font-family:楷体;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">張幼儀</span></p> <p> </p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;">一九一三</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">年</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">时任浙江都督府秘书的张公權(嘉璈)</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">被一篇</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">《</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">论小说与社会之关系</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">》</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">的中学生作文所吸引</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">询问之下</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">得知文章作者是海宁县硖石镇富商徐申如的独子徐志摩</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">爱才心切的张嘉璈当晚给徐申如写信</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">提议将自己的二妹张幼仪许配给徐家公子</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">徐申如虽是江浙富豪</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">但在重文抑商的中国传统社会里</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">能够与书香世家的张家结亲</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,自</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">然是求之不得的荣耀</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">。徐申如</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">在回信中恭敬地表示</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">:“</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">我徐申如有幸以张嘉璈之妹为媳</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">。”</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">這段故事有點像主考官李端棻將堂妹許配給考生梁啓超。一八八九年,十六歲的梁啟超赴廣州參加鄉試,正考官為內閣學士李端棻,副主考為翰林院修撰王仁堪。試後,梁啟超中第八名舉人。王仁堪深感人才難得,想將梁招贅入婿,未及開口,李端棻卻請王仁堪作媒,要將其堂妹李蕙仙許配予梁。於是,王仁堪派人到新會將梁啓超的父親梁寶瑛接來廣州,梁寶瑛答應了這門親事。婚後,梁啓超與李蕙仙舉案齊眉,育有梁思順、梁思成、梁思莊等三個子女。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">然而,張公權促成的妹妹張幼儀與徐志摩的婚姻卻是一場噩夢。</span><span style="font-family: SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">一九零零</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">年,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">張幼儀</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">出生于江苏宝山</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">是家中第二个女孩</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">。三</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">岁那年</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">母亲曾给她缠足</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">到了第四天早晨</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">再也忍受不了妹妹尖叫声的二哥張君勱出面阻止</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">就这样</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">她成了张家第一个天足女子</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">但是</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">在徐志摩眼里</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">仅仅拥有天足</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">并不等同于新女性</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,多年後,張幼儀回憶說:“</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">对于我丈夫来说</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">我两只脚可以说是缠过的</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">因为他认为我思想守旧</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">又没有读过什么书。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">”其實,在那個時代,她已經是少數受過新式教育的女性——結婚之前,年方十五嵗的張幼儀</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">正在江苏都督程德全创办的江苏省立第二女子师范学校读書,只是</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">爲了</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">完婚,才不得不中止學業</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">那個時代的婚姻,大都由父母或兄長包辦。尤其是大戶人家的子弟,即便接受過新式教育,也要順從家長安排。胡適與江冬秀湊合著過了一輩子,兩人的“幸福指數”大概都很低;魯迅拋棄了作為“母親的禮物”的朱安,與許廣平結婚,朱安卻成了更無辜的犧牲品。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">一九一五年十二月五日,徐、張</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">双方的家长为张幼仪和徐志摩操办了一场隆重的旧式婚礼</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">洞房花烛夜</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">张幼仪想要告诉徐志摩</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">她感谢命运的安排</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">现在她是徐家的人了</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">她愿意好好地侍奉他们</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">但</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">張幼儀</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">所受的传统教育不允许她先开口</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">。十八歲的</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">徐志摩紧张地望着她</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">一句话也没有说</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">二人之间的夫妻生活</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">是在沉默中开始的</span><span style="font-family: SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;">徐志摩與林徽因、陸小曼的傳奇戀愛故事,傾倒後世無數追夢的少男少年,誰又不願永遠生活在“人間四月天”呢?張幼儀卻是躲在陰影中、不被眾人知曉的女子。她幸運地擺脫了纏足這種肉體的摧殘,卻未能脫離中國儒家專制文化的束縛——要改變“精神上的小腳”難於上青天。直到後半生,她才如同一朵花,在塵埃中傲然綻放。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;">徐志摩的朋友葉公超說過,徐志摩是一個唱歌的人。葉公超說,徐志摩也寫小說,他的小說和他的詩、散文一樣,都脫離不了浪漫主義的色彩:“徐志摩這個人一開口就在歌唱。世界上有兩種人,一種是說話的人,一種是唱歌的人;說話的人無論採取哪種方式,其結果都是在說話。唱歌的人,一開口就會有美妙的聲音,志摩就是這種人。”</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1"><span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;Times New Roman";">[1]</span></span></a><span style="font-family:SimSun;">如果說徐志摩是唱歌的人,張幼儀就是說話的人。徐志摩的歌唱和張幼儀的言語,從未發生過共鳴。</span></p> <p> </p> <p><strong><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:楷体;">沒有愛情的婚姻有多痛苦?</span></strong><strong></strong></p> <p> </p> <p><span style="font-family:SimSun;"> </span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">一九一八</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">年</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">张幼仪生了儿子阿欢(徐积锴)</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">徐家长子长孙的诞生</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">标志着徐志摩为家族完成了传宗接代的任务</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">。同</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">年八月,徐志摩前往美国</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">进入马萨诸塞州克拉克大学历史系学习</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">从结婚到出国留学</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">他和张幼仪结婚将近三年</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">相处的时间加起来不到四个月,用张幼仪的话说</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,“</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">除了履行最基本的婚姻义务之外</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">对我不理不睬</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">就连履行婚姻义务这种事</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">他也只是遵从父母抱孙子的愿望罢了</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">”。</span></p> <p><span style="font-family:SimSun;"> </span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">一九二零</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">年</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">徐志摩前往英国繼續學業</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">次年</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">春天</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">张幼仪赴英探親。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">船靠岸时,接船的人密密麻麻,张幼仪一眼就认出了自己的丈夫:“我斜倚着尾甲板,不耐烦地等着上岸,然后看到徐志摩站在东张西望的人群里。就在这时候,我的心凉了一大截。他穿着一件瘦长的黑色毛大衣,脖子上围了条白丝巾。虽然我从没看过他穿西装的样子。可是我晓得那是他。他的态度我一眼就看得出来,不会搞错的,因为他是那堆接船的人当中唯一露出不想到那儿的表情的人。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">”徐志摩的熱情、豪爽,全都是留給朋友的,一點也不給</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">他不愛的</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">妻子。</span></p> <p><span style="font-family:SimSun;"> </span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">张幼仪本以为出国后可以重拾因结婚生子而中断的学业</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">没想到却被迫充當家庭主妇</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">买东西</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">、</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">洗衣服</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">、</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">打扫房间</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">、</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">准备一日三餐</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">挥霍无度的徐志摩</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">只从父親寄来的支票中拿出很少一部分</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">交给她维持家用</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">徐志摩對張幼儀的態度惡劣而粗暴,對剛到英國不懂英文也不懂英國禮儀的張幼儀毫不體貼。那時,他們在劍橋郊外的沙士頓居住,張幼儀常常以淚洗面</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,她後來回憶說</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">:“</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">经过沙士顿那段可怕的日子</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">我领悟到自己可以自力更生</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">而不能回徐家</span><span style="font-family: SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">我下定决心</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">:</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">不管发生什么事情</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">我都不要依靠任何人</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">而要靠自己的两只脚站起来</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">”</span></p> <p><span style="font-family:SimSun;"> 很快,張幼儀又</span><span style="font-family: SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">怀孕了,徐志摩常常不回家,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">也</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">不關心張幼儀和她腹中胎兒。七弟张景秋建議說,姐弟倆可以一同前往德国留學,二十年代初的德國物價很便宜</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">。一九二二</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">年</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">,張幼儀與張景秋來到</span><span style="font-family: SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">柏林,她</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">剛</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">生下二儿子彼得</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">徐志摩</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">就</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">托人送来离婚協議书</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">在张幼仪的一再坚持下</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">徐志摩答應前來</span><span style="font-family: SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">德國</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">見面並商談離婚事宜。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">那一天</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">在场的还有徐志摩的同学金岳霖</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">、</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">吴经熊等人</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">徐志摩冷酷地說</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">:“</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">你一定要现在签字</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">……</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">林徽音要回国了</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">我非现在离婚不可</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">。”</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">直到此刻</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">张幼仪才知道徐志摩爱的是林徽音</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">。</span></p> <p><span style="font-family:SimSun;"> </span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">張幼儀</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">內心</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">不願意離婚,但她不是那種死纏爛打的反抗者,她冷靜地回答說:“若你認為離婚是正確的事,我就簽字。”她在徐志摩已經簽名的</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">離婚協議書上簽上</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">了</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">自己的名字。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">徐志摩如釋重負,欢天喜地地向张幼仪道谢</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,這才</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">提出要去看看刚出生的孩子</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">他在医院育婴房的玻璃窗外看得入神</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">但始终没问張幼儀要怎么养这个孩子</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">要怎么活下去——他的心早已隨林徽音父女飛回了中國</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">一九二二</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">年十一月八日</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,徐志摩</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">在</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">《</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">新浙江</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">》</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">上刊登</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">《</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">徐志摩</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">、</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">张幼仪离婚通告</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">》:“</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">我们已经自动挣脱了黑暗的地狱</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">已经解散烦恼的绳结</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">……</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">欢欢喜喜地同时解除婚约</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">……”歡喜的是徐志摩本人,他從來沒有關心過張幼儀是什麽感受。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;">离婚后,张幼仪心境悲苦,但她并未就此消沉。她是“新文化中舊道德的楷模”,一生恪守中国传统道德,晚年曾对侄孙女张邦梅说过一句耐人尋味的话:“我要为离婚感谢徐志摩。若不是离婚,我可能永远都没办法找到我自己,也没办法成长。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">他使我得到解脱,变成另一个人。”張幼儀並非徐志摩所鄙視的那種“土包子”,更不是男人的附屬品。張家的文化素養優於徐家,在英國和德國的生活與求學經歷,讓張幼儀向西方女性學習,磨練出獨立、自由、堅韌的品質。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;">張幼儀發現,中國的幼兒教育相當落後,便</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">申请进入裴斯塔洛齐学院</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">攻读幼儿教育,希望回國後在這方面有所作為</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">幼教專業的同學大部分是女生,是比張幼儀年輕好幾歲的少女。雖然是一名“曾經滄海難為水”的離婚少婦,但張幼儀東方女子的外表仍顯得很年輕。她坦率地將自己離婚並獨自撫養兒子的背景告訴同學,那些單純的德國女孩對她十分同情和敬佩。學校裡每天下午都有咖啡時間,同學們邀請她一起喝咖啡和聊天,順便幫助她提高德語水平,更幫助她減輕“斷腸人在天涯”的哀愁。</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2"><span style="font-family:SimSun;"><span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman";">[2]</span></span></span></a></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">此時,追求者亦來到張幼儀身邊。那是一位</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">不亞於徐志摩的</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">才華橫溢的青年男士:正在德國留學的五四運動學生領袖羅家倫。羅家倫常來張幼儀家中拜訪,陪同呀呀學語的小彼得玩耍。有一天,羅家倫與張幼儀坐著喝茶,彼得在鋪在地板上的一塊毯子上玩耍,羅家倫問:“你打不打算再結婚?”張幼儀沒敢把羅家倫這句語氣溫柔的話聽進耳朵裡,她看著茶杯輕聲說:“不,我沒這個打算。”那時,張幼儀的四哥張公權寫信告訴她,為了留住張家的顏面,她在未來五年內,都不能教別人看到她和某一個男人同進同出,要不然別人會以為徐志摩和她離婚是因為她不守婦道。後來,羅家倫就從張幼儀的生活中消失了。再後來,羅家倫恢復了與曾經的女友張維楨的通信,繼續他們的愛情長跑。一九二七年十一月十三日,兩人在在上海舉行婚禮、結為夫妻。多年後,羅家倫的後人在其遺物中發現了一張</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">羅家倫</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">給張幼儀的沒有寄出的明信片。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">就在张幼仪展開新一階段生活的同时</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">徐志摩</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">的求愛</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">卻被“一生最崇拜”的林徽音</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">斷然</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">拒絕。林徽音選擇不如徐志摩風流瀟灑、卻比徐志摩沉穩樸實的建築學家梁思成作相伴一生的丈夫,這是林徽音的聰慧之處。林徽音知道,像徐志摩這樣“生活在雲端”的人,可以成為朋友,卻不適宜做丈夫。</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";"><span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">[3]</span></span></span></a><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">徐志摩企圖在人世間一種尋求完美的愛、完美的善和完美的生命,而不願被家庭模式所束縛。當徐志摩愛的對象真的成了他的妻子,也就意味著他的愛走到了由盛而衰的轉折點。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">果然,徐志摩對林徽音的愛並非持久且永恆</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">(至少比不上暗戀林徽音而終身未婚的金岳霖)</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">,他很快便將熾熱的愛轉移到</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">別</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">人身上</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">——</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">新的目標是</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">作為</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">有夫之婦</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">的</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">陸小曼。跟徐志摩一樣爲了愛情可以不顧一切、好似永遠長不大的孩子的郁達夫評論說:“當一個坦白美麗如陸小曼的女人,遇到一個熱情誠懇如徐志摩的男人,自然會迸出熱烈的火花來。他們怎顧得了禮教倫常?又怎顧得了宗教家規?當這件事情成為北平社交閒話的笑柄時,我對小曼的勇敢和志摩的真誠,寄予無上的欽佩。”郁達夫跟王映霞之間不也是如此嗎?郁達夫對徐志摩當然有惺惺相惜之感。但徐志摩的老師梁啓超毫不留情地批評說:“萬不容以他人之痛苦,易自己之快樂。弟之此舉,其欲弟之將來之快樂能得與否,殆茫如扑風。”一九二六年,在徐志摩與陸小曼的婚禮上,作為證婚人的梁啓超對兩人大加斥責,在場人士無不面面相覷。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">徐志摩的朋友、畫家劉海粟曾如此回憶與徐志摩的一番談話:</span></p> <p> </p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:楷体;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">那天隨適之、志摩等第一次去陸家,就已經覺察到志摩和小曼眼神不對,似乎心神不寧的樣子。那時,他們已經難捨難分了。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:楷体;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">那天晚上,志摩又到我的房間裡來,我感覺到他想和我談什麽,又似乎有難言之隱,忙問:“你有什麽心事?”“怎麽?你看出來了?”</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:楷体;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">我單刀直入地問:“老實講,和小曼相愛多久了?”</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:楷体;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">“你怎麽知道?”</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:楷体;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">“你們的眼睛告訴我的。”</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:楷体;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">“我和她認識才兩年多,現在已經不能自拔了。”</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:楷体;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">“你和幼儀之間的關係呢?</span><span style="font-family:楷体;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">”我問。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:楷体;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">“我和幼儀也是強撮合的,這一點,她哥哥歆海最清楚。”</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:楷体;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">的確,張歆海和志摩始終融洽無間,他是能理解和體諒志摩與小曼的。因此,他一直秉公而論,不加諱言。志摩也一直感激他。</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftn4" name="_ftnref4"><span style="font-family:楷体;Malgun Gothic Semilight""><span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:楷体;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">[4]</span></span></span></a></p> <p> </p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">徐志摩將自己視為包辦婚姻的受害者,卻絲毫沒有意識到對於張幼儀來說,他是冷酷自私的加害者。他們的這段婚姻確實是“強撮合”的,但張幼儀爲徐志摩生了兩個孩子,張幼儀就不僅是他的妻子,而且是他孩子的母親。徐志摩固然有不愛張幼儀的理由,但不能不盡父親的職責。徐志摩做到了嗎?他的第二個孩子彼得在柏林夭折,他不聞不問,只是對著孩子的骨灰盒掉下几滴眼淚而已。長子阿歡由張幼儀與徐志摩的父母撫育,徐志摩與兒子相聚的日子屈指可數。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">一九二六年十二月十四日,就在跟陸小曼結婚後兩個月,徐志摩給張幼儀寫信,用油腔滑調的口吻說:“你們那一小家庭,雖是新組織,聽來很是熱鬧而且有精神,我們避難人听了十分羨慕。”</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftn5" name="_ftnref5"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";"><span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">[5]</span></span></span></a><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">所謂“新組織”的“小家庭”,是張幼儀依附兄長暫時寄居的地方——要等到二十七年之後,張幼儀才自己成家。徐志摩之毫無愧疚、全無心肝,可見一斑。</span></p> <p><span style="font-family:SimSun;"> 一九三一</span><span style="font-family: SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">年十一月十九日</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">徐志摩搭乘的飞机在济南党家庄附近墜毀,留下的是一具面目模糊的屍體。當時,其合法妻子陆小曼因長期吸食鴉片,在此沉重打擊之下更是精神恍惚,連去認領屍體的工作都不願承擔。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">於是,张幼仪毅然出面,冷静果断地处理有關事務</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">:先</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">让八弟禹九带领十三岁的阿欢前往济南认领徐志摩的遗体,然後周密安排一切後事</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">。在</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">公祭仪式上</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">陆小曼突發奇想,要把徐志摩的衣服和棺材都换成西式的</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,卻遭到</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">张幼仪的坚决拒绝</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">。</span></p> <p> </p> <p><strong><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:楷体">民國第一位女性銀行家</span></strong><strong></strong></p> <p> </p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;">一九二七</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">年初</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,張幼儀的母親</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">去世</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">张幼仪带着阿欢回上海奔丧并留在上海</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">。上海是中國最西化的城市,當時的觀察家感嘆說,上海的生活“如同萬花筒一般”。</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftn6" name="_ftnref6"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight""><span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">[6]</span></span></span></a><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">張幼儀</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">先在东吴大学任德语教师</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,然後又創辦幼稚園和小學,她已是一名自力更生的新女性。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">這一點,兩年以後跟張幼儀再次會面的徐志摩也深切地感受到了。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">徐志摩</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">在写给陆小曼的情书中</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">破天荒表达了对张幼仪的敬重之情</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">:“C(</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">张幼仪</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">)</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">可是一个有志气有胆量的女子</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">她这两年来进步不少</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">独立的步子已经站得稳</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">思想确有通道</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">……</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">她现在真是</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">‘</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">什么都不怕</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">’,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">将来准备丢几个炸弹</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">惊惊中国鼠胆的社会</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">你们看着吧</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">!”</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">對於精神世界足夠強大的人來說,厄運是自強的催化劑。</span><span style="font-family: SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">張幼儀說:“</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">我一直把我这一生看成两个阶段</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">:‘</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">德国前</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">’</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">和</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">‘</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">德国后</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">’。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">去德国以前</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">我凡事都怕</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">;</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">去德国以后</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">我一无所惧</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">。”</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">梁实秋在</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">《</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">谈徐志摩</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">》</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">一文中</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">对张幼仪的评价最为中肯</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">:“</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">她沉默地</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">、</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">坚强地过她的岁月</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">她尽了她的责任</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">对丈夫的责任</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">对夫家的责任</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">对儿子的责任</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">——</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">凡是尽了责任的人</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">都值得尊重</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">”这位被自己的男人看不上的女人、這位不曾被丈夫愛過的“弃妇”,在身处绝境时毅然转身,成为受人尊崇的女强人。</span></p> <p><span style="font-family:SimSun;"> </span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">當張幼儀正在考慮</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">是否繼續</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">東吳大學</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">教授</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">第二個學期的課程時,有幾位上海儲蓄女子銀行的股東</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">前</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">來</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">拜訪她</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">。她們希望張幼儀到這家銀行做事,因為她在西方受過教育,更重要的是她的四哥張公權是中國銀行總經理,又是《銀行周報》這份討論中國政治與經濟問題的刊物的創辦人,是二十年代中國最有影響力的銀行家之一。</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftn7" name="_ftnref7"><span style="font-family:SimSun;"><span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman";">[7]</span></span></span></a><span style="font-family:SimSun;">此前,張幼儀並沒有在銀行業工作過,但她敏銳地意識到</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">這是一個很好的機會</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">她答應出任上海女子儲蓄銀行的副總經理,但不做總經理,“我心想,如果我哥哥是一家銀行的總經理,我是另一家銀行的總經理,那成什麽樣子”。</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftn8" name="_ftnref8"><span style="font-family:SimSun;"><span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman";">[8]</span></span></span></a></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;">張幼儀在銀行界嶄露頭角,當然離不開她的四哥張公權</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">的幫助</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">。一九二零年代,作為現代中國最有影響力的一個群體,銀行家取代了過去“票號”老闆的地位。張公權是中國最早的銀行家之一,早年留學日本,入東京慶應大學,專攻貨幣銀行及政治經濟。一九一三年,張公權進入剛剛由大清銀行改組而成中國銀行,任上海分行副經理。一九一六年,護國軍起,袁世凱政府命令中國銀行及交通銀行停止兌現存款。張公權認為,如果遵命而行,中國銀行將聲譽掃地,故抗命不從。不久,袁世凱憂憤而死,張公權不僅沒有受到中央政府的處分,反倒名聲大噪。</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftn9" name="_ftnref9"><span style="font-family:SimSun;"><span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman";">[9]</span></span></span></a></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;">一九二六年,國民革命軍北伐,蔣介石派人與張公權接洽,希望獲得貸款支持。張公權在孫傳芳的嚴密監督之下,冒險匯去三十萬元。一九二七年一、二月間,又先後借給國民革命軍一百二十萬元。</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftn10" name="_ftnref10"><span style="font-family:SimSun;"><span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman";">[10]</span></span></span></a><span style="font-family:SimSun;">蔣介石爲籠絡張公權,無所不用其極。當一九二七年初張公權的母親去世時,剛剛佔領江南的國民革命軍總司令蔣介石突然出現在張家靈堂,進門之後居然倒頭就拜,仿佛死去的是自己的母親。蔣介石正是通過這一攻心戰術,感動了張公權,在其財政最困難的時候得到張公權的大力幫助。</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftn11" name="_ftnref11"><span style="font-family:SimSun;"><span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman";">[11]</span></span></span></a></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;">然而,張公權很快發現,對金融家的態度,南京政府並不比北京政府更友好。蔣介石並不想建立一套現代金融體制,在蔣介石眼中,銀行只是他私人隨意提款的“錢袋子”。張公權幫助南京政府建立了中央銀行,但他哀嘆說:“軍人不明財政,而處處干涉財政,前途悲觀在此。”一九二八年九月,張公權與蔣介石就政府年度財政預算問題發生公開爭執,蔣介石怒氣衝天,竟以將其投入監獄相威脅。</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftn12" name="_ftnref12"><span style="font-family:SimSun;"><span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman";">[12]</span></span></span></a></p> <p><span style="font-family:SimSun;"> 不過,幸虧還有上海租界,張公權和銀行家們可以在租界裡繼續其事業。後來,張公權和張君勱(嘉森)兄弟都曾在國民政府擔任過高官,但他們從未與蔣介石建立起良好的私人關係。國民黨的統治在中國大陸崩潰之後,張公權不願去台灣,先赴澳洲大學講學,又應邀到美國加州大學、斯坦福大學、麻省理工學院講學,出版有《通貨膨脹的螺旋:一九三九至一九五零年在中國的經驗》等著作,闡述中國通貨膨脹的歷史背景,國民政府管理通貨膨脹的努力及其失敗之因。台灣方面將此書列為禁書。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;">張公權掌管中國銀行多年,參與制訂中央財政政策,卻兩袖清風、耿介清白。擔當國事,艱苦精勤、任勞任怨;事不可為,則斷然求去,無求於人。他晚年無力在美國購房,最後還是靠友人陳光甫、李銘的資助才得以安家。一九七九年夏,同樣旅居美國的近代史家郭廷以爲張公權之撰寫一生大事記。當年九月,郭廷以就因病去世,接著由郭廷以的學生姚崧齡撰寫該書。一九七九年,張公權以九十一嵗高齡在斯坦福大學醫院去世。</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftn13" name="_ftnref13"><span style="font-family:SimSun;"><span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman";">[13]</span></span></span></a><span style="font-family:SimSun;">張氏兄弟包括張幼儀以及他們龐大的家族,都沒有去蔣介石統治下的台灣,當然更不會留在共產黨統治的中國大陸,他們遠走歐美各國,總算免於遭受威權或極權政治的迫害。</span></p> <p><span style="font-family:SimSun;"> 也許,作為哥哥的張公權對自己當年“錯點鴛鴦譜”導致妹妹婚姻失敗而深感內疚,故而要在幫助妹妹事在事業上開出一片新天地來。一九二七年,在張公權的支持下,張幼儀雖然只是出任副總經理,實際上卻是上海女子儲蓄銀行真正的掌舵人。這是一家現代中國獨一無二的銀行,它主要爲女性服務,這說明在上海已經出現了一個需要金融服務的職業女性階層。這家銀行是一九一零年由一群女性創辦的,往來客戶也多是女性,地點在市中心的南京東路上,很受老少婦女歡迎。張幼儀出任副總裁時,正是這家銀行瀕臨破產邊緣之際,她擔任的是“救火隊隊長”的角色。她當機立斷,說服債務人不要上法庭,因為銀行已經窮得連請律師的錢也沒有了。<a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftn14" name="_ftnref14"><span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman";">[14]</span></span></a>在四哥的幫助下,銀行度過難關,起死回生,並</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">逐漸</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">贏得</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">了</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">上海婦女界</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">的</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">信賴。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;">為了幫助</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">上海</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">女子</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">儲蓄</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">銀行吸納更多資金,張幼儀開發出“儲金禮券”的業務。上海市民在親朋好友有紅白喜事時,喜歡贈送禮品。這些禮品一般由家庭主婦準備,這種禮券正好滿足她們的需求。她們只需去銀行購買禮券,而不必挖空心思斟酌購買什麽禮物。禮券比禮物更實用</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">——收到禮券的人可自行購買自己喜歡的商品。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;">抗戰伊始,上海婦女開展一場“獻金運動”,女子銀行積極參與,在活動的第一天,就收到金銀首飾和器皿等兩百多件,一時在上海傳為佳話。</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftn15" name="_ftnref15"><span style="font-family:SimSun;"><span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman";">[15]</span></span></span></a><span style="font-family:SimSun;">正如西方觀察家所說,“中國改革最重要的標誌應該是女性的新地位”</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftn16" name="_ftnref16"><span style="font-family:SimSun;"><span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman";">[16]</span></span></span></a><span style="font-family:SimSun;">,張幼儀等新女性的出現,使得中國的社會結構發生了重大的變化。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;">張幼儀每天上午九点正准时到银行办公室上班,她的办公桌摆在最後面,整个银行的状况一览无遗。她的分秒不差的守时习惯,是在留德国期間養成的。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">每天下午五点,銀行下班後,她請一位國文老師</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">來辦公室</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">幫助补习一小时国文。她從十五歲起</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">就</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">中斷了正規教育,希望</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">通過這樣的學習</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">讓自己多瞭解一些</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">中國的古典</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">文學</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">經典</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">。</span></p> <p> </p> <p><strong><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:楷体;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">雲裳時裝:雲想衣裳花想容</span></strong><strong></strong></p> <p> </p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;">六点钟之後,張幼儀再到同樣位於南京東路的云裳时装公司</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">處理</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">相關業務。這是中國女性在</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">上海創辦的第一家时装公司,由她的八弟</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">張禹九、上海名媛唐瑛、</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">徐志摩的父親徐申如等合資創建</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">或許因為父親是公司的大股東,徐志摩自以為是老闆之一,一九二七</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">年八月三日在写给周作人的一封信中说</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">:“</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">我新办两家店铺</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">;</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">新月书店老兄想必听过</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">还有一家云裳时装公司</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">专为小姐</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">、</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">娘儿们出主意的</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">老兄不笑话吗</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">?”其言語之輕浮油滑讓人生厭。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">當年,在剛剛嫁入徐家時</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">张幼仪从仆人口中得知</span><span style="font-family: SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">徐志摩第一次看到她的照片</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">就嘴角向下一撇</span><span style="font-family: SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">充满鄙夷地说了一句</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">:“</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">乡下土包子</span><span style="font-family: SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">!”徐志摩或許不曾想到,多年以後,被他蔑視的前妻居然成為時裝公司的老闆。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">一九二零年代的上海,不僅是中國的工業、金融和文化出版中心,也是引領亞洲時尚的時裝之都。“上海的服飾多種多樣,上海人的穿着在中國最為時髦,靜安寺路、虹口市場、公共花園和騎手俱樂部廣場上的時裝秀非常有名,絲綢花樣繁多巧奪天工。”</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftn17" name="_ftnref17"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight""><span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">[17]</span></span></span></a><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">雲裳這家時裝店</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">集成衣店和服裝訂做於一身,在店裡陳列一些衣服樣品,再配合女士們</span><span style="font-family: SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">的</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">品位和身材加以修改。服裝上面裝飾別致的珠子、扣子,還有花結,都別具匠心,顧客可以得意地向別人誇耀說:“我這衣裳是在‘雲裳’做的。”徐志摩的朋友、名畫家李碧波常來店裡晃悠,靈感一來,還動手做一些設計,爲時裝增添雅致的風味。</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftn18" name="_ftnref18"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight""><span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">[18]</span></span></span></a></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">“雲裳”的名字是張幼儀的八弟</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">張禹九</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">取的,典故來自於李白《清平調》中形容楊貴妃的句子“雲想衣裳花想容”。雲裳也善於做廣告,在《申報》上刊登廣告說,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">這是一家</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">“空前之美术服装公司”</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">“采取世界最流行的装束,参照中国人衣着习惯;材料尽量采用国货,以外货为辅;定价力求低廉,以期普及”</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">;</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">“要穿最漂亮的衣服,到云裳去;要配最有意识的衣服,到云裳去;要想最精美的打扮,到云裳去;要个性最分明的式样,到云裳去。”</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">一九二七</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">年</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">八</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">月间</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">上海女界</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">發起</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">慰劳北伐前线兵士的游艺大会,压轴的</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">正是雲裳策划的</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">“最时髦的‘时装表演’”</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">。時裝秀</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">由唐瑛</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">親自</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">领衔出演,一登场即大撒云裳的广告卡片,随从模特也“把各人手中的卡片好像雪花一样的向台前飞着,大做云裳公司的免费广告”。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">《申報》報道說,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">八位模特“都是穿了极美丽极奇突的服装,看得我(记者)眼花缭乱”</span><span style="font-family: SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">很多名人都是雲裳的常客。作家梁實秋回憶說:“</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">云裳开幕不久,我就偕内人前去订制外衣一件,张小姐</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">(張幼儀)</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">引我们参观她的公司,规模虽不大,却颇具匠心。江小鹣是负责策划的一个人。张禹九(八爷)常去走去,却不是负责人。禹九的一位哥哥(记不得是老五还是老七)是颇擅服装衣饰的一个奇人,好像是参加公司的一些业务。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">”</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">作為</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">雲裳</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">時裝</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">公司總經理,張幼儀每天下午到店裡巡視,負責查看訂單,與裁縫師傅討論設計图案,盯緊所有事務。而自詡為老闆的徐志摩,從來不打理店裡的事務,與其說是老闆,不如說是顧客</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">——他常常來店裡訂做衣服,如果要去旅行,就會找張幼儀訂做襯衫或長褲。有一次,張幼儀幫徐志摩做了一條領帶,徐志摩特別喜歡,回來後卻說,不小心將領帶搞丟了,張幼儀又吩咐裁縫師傅按照原來的樣式給他新做一條。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">張幼儀早已不是當初那個害羞、內向、沉默的少女,在社交場合,她常常是中心人物。她在自己家中接待二哥、四哥和他們的朋友吃飯,她的家比兩個哥哥的家更有吸引力。二哥張君勱是法學家、哲學家、政治活動家,後來參與起草《中華民國憲法》,與之往來的大都是學術界的名流;四哥張公權的朋友則更多是銀行界和實業界的巨頭,對上海乃至全國的經濟有舉足輕重的影響力。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">張幼儀對這兩個圈子的朋友都熱情接待。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">有一次,二哥問她:“怎麽從來沒有听你埋怨那些前來拜訪我的人啊?”張幼儀回答說:“和別人聊天是你的工作,要是大家老不來找你,就表示你事情做得不好。”</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftn19" name="_ftnref19"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight""><span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">[19]</span></span></span></a><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">這位曾在深閨中暗自哭泣的少婦,如今變成了上海上層社會名聞遐邇的沙龍女主人。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">單身的張幼儀進入了事業的頂峰。雖然她沒有“絕代佳人”林徽音、陸小曼的美貌,但她作為職業婦女的才華、學識與氣質亦自成一道亮麗風景。同樣是《新月》雜誌撰稿人、有“安福四大才子”之稱的羅隆基在三十年代也愛上了張幼儀。羅隆基與徐志摩一樣是“天真自私漢”的典型。那時,他已是有婦之夫,爲了追求張幼儀,特意與張幼儀的二哥張君勱組成“再生社”,以為由此“近水樓臺先得月”,有很多機會到張幼儀家中作客。偏偏張幼儀</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">對其</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">冷眼</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">以</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">對。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">羅隆基到處打聽張幼儀喜歡穿什麽衣服、喜歡什麽鮮花、喜歡什麽咖啡,然後精心挑選禮物送去,卻被張幼儀原封不</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">地</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">動退回。為了早日離婚,羅隆基不惜對妻子實施家暴。</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftn20" name="_ftnref20"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";"><span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">[20]</span></span></span></a><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">消息傳到張幼儀耳中,她只是搖頭而已。此時的張幼儀早已不是當初天真爛漫的少女,她對人性有了深刻的洞察。她發現,羅隆基與徐志摩一樣,都是浪漫而自私的才子,愛情之於這類人來說,宛如越喝越渴的海水。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">追張幼儀不果,羅隆基又跟有夫之婦、新聞界才女浦熙修勾搭上。之後,貪慕虛榮的羅隆基加入中共政權,一度享受部長級高幹的優待,卻在反右運動中成為大右派,被批鬥至死。若是張幼儀嫁給羅隆基,必將成為其殉葬品。經過了痛苦的心理煎熬,張幼儀有了保護自己的智慧,她知道在選擇作為丈夫的男人時,比才華更重要的是品德。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;">张幼仪很有经商理财的头脑,她在大风大浪的股市里赚了不少钱,在自己家附近給徐志摩的父母建了一所新房。战争期间,她囤积军服染料,直到价格上涨一百倍才果断出手。她还買賣过风险更高的棉花和黄金,同样获利甚豐。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">連二哥張君勱也佩服她的理財手段,在一九三四年成立國家社會黨之後,邀請她擔任會計,守住錢袋子。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;">張幼儀跟陸小曼只見過一面,那是胡適安排的一場家宴。吃飯時,張幼儀發現,陸小曼真的長得很美,有一頭柔柔的秀髮,一對大大的媚眼。當著眾人的面,陸稱徐爲“摩”或“摩摩”,徐稱陸爲“曼”或“眉”。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">张幼仪略帶酸楚地说:“我不是有魅力的女人,不像别的女人那样,我做人严肃,因为我是苦过来的。”</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;">徐志摩的墜機慘死和陸小曼在中國生不如死的晚年,讓張幼儀不再有失敗感</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">,而有一種“閑看花開花落”的隔離感</span><span style="font-family: SimSun;">。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">對於徐志摩的放纵风流,她淡淡地评论道:“文人就是这个德性。”她也不承认林徽音和陆小曼对徐志摩的感情达到爱的程度。對於林徽音,她評論說:“如果她林徽音爱徐志摩,为什么在他离婚后,还任他晃来晃去?那叫做爱吗?”對於陸小曼,她評論說:“人们说陆小曼爱他,可我看了她在他死后的作为(拒绝认领遗体)后,我不认为那叫爱,爱代表善尽责任,履行义务。”结论自然而然就出来了:“在他一辈子遇到的几个女人里面,说不定我最爱他。”张幼仪的确说得起这句硬话——台湾版的《徐志摩全集》就是在她的精心策划下,由梁实秋主编而成的。</span></p> <p> </p> <p><strong><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:楷体;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">遲到的幸福與寧靜的晚景</span></strong><strong></strong></p> <p> </p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;">一九四九</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">年四月</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,在共產黨的隆隆炮聲中,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">张幼仪离开居住二十二年的上海,移居香港</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">她和哥哥們比當時絕大多數中國知識分子更清醒地知道中共的統治意味著什麽,所以選擇離開這個即將由惡魔當道的世界。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">張幼儀不是政治中人,從未公開譴責過中共,但她對中共不抱有任何幻想:中共不會允許私人銀行存在,也不會允許時裝公司繼續開業。正如張愛玲所說,雖然沒有研究過共產黨的意識形態,但她看到共產黨人清一色的毛式服裝和秧歌,就無法忍受,如果要她穿如此千人一面的醜陋的衣服,她寧可死去。多年以後,逃離中國的作家廖亦武也宣稱,他與共產黨的對立,首先是審美品位上的對立。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">張幼儀對共產黨的深刻認識,或許也受到徐志摩文章的影響。一九二五年,徐志摩訪問蘇聯,在莫斯科紅場看到的景象是,“沒有光榮的古蹟,有的是血汙的近跡”,“沒有人道的喜色,有的是偉大的恐怖與黑暗”。徐志摩拜會了托爾斯泰的女兒,更確定了他對蘇聯的懷疑:“她說現代書鋪子裡托爾斯泰的書差不多買不著了,不但托爾斯泰,就是屠格涅夫,陀思妥耶夫斯基等一班作者的書都快滅跡了;我問她現在莫斯科還有什麽重要的文學家,她說全跑了,剩下的全是不相干的。”</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftn21" name="_ftnref21"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight""><span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">[21]</span></span></span></a><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">徐志摩指出,莫斯科相信天堂是可以實現的,但現世界與天堂之間隔著一座海,一座血汙海,人類泅得過去,才能登彼岸,他們決定先實現這血海。後來,徐志摩進一步質疑北伐為何是在蘇俄的控制之下,“為什麼自己革命自己做不了軍師,還得要外國的主義來策划流血?”他發現,列寧這個“外國的野鬼”已經鑽進了孫文的棺材裡面。</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftn22" name="_ftnref22"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";"><span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">[22]</span></span></span></a></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">一九二五年,徐志摩回國之後,接任孫伏園的《晨報副刊》編輯之職,“赤白仇友”之爭因此興起。</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftn23" name="_ftnref23"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";"><span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">[23]</span></span></span></a><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">徐志摩在評論文章中指出:“中國對蘇俄問題乃至共產主義與中國,和國內共產黨一類問題,到今天為止,始終是不曾開刀或破口的一大大疽。”</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftn24" name="_ftnref24"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";"><span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">[24]</span></span></span></a><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">在他看來,中俄邦交的問題,其實是“中國將來國運問題,包括國民生活全部可能的變態”。後來,報館遭到左派暴力分子縱火焚毀。徐志摩挺身應戰,宣稱他不會被嚇到。而與之論戰的對手中,有一名即位此後中共的元帥陳毅。英年早逝的徐志摩沒有看到後來共產黨的得勢,卻早在二十年代中期就發現了蘇俄這個人間天堂背後的血汙與謊言。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">在香港,張幼儀終於收穫了她遲到的愛情。愛人不是來自於“金玉其外,敗絮其中”的文化圈,追求她的男子是楼下的邻居、朴實無華的醫生苏纪之医生。经过一段时间的交往</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">苏纪之向张幼仪求婚</span><span style="font-family: SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">张幼仪分别向二哥</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">、</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">四哥征求意见——她雖然在英國和德國生活與求學</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">多年</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">,在中國最西化的城市上海生活了多年,但在骨子裡儒家傳統文化的男尊女卑觀念仍然揮之不去。父母已過世了,這個四十九嵗的中年女子,卻還要向哥哥們就自己的歸屬徵求意見,這就是“精神上的小腳”的殘留吧</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">。儒家文化對中國女性長達兩千多年的精神戕害,不是一朝一夕就可去除的。明朝大儒劉宗周如此描述母親的言談舉止:“居恒自操女紅,外輒扃戶靜坐,坐或終日不移席,動止雍容,一中規、一中矩,步趨而裳襞不動,謦咳之聲未嘗廳除。”這是儒家理解的標凖女性應有風範。</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftn25" name="_ftnref25"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight""><span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">[25]</span></span></span></a><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">張幼儀的一生,始終未能完全從中脫繭而出。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">四哥張嘉璈始终没有回复,或者他覺得那是妹妹的自由,自己不能橫加干涉</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">而</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">一直告诫妹妹要遵从自己内心感受的二哥張君勱,一会儿发来电报说</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">“</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">好</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">”,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">一会儿又改变主意说</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">“</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">不好</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">”。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">在反复踌躇之后</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">这位新儒学的代表人物来信表态</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">:“</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">此名教事</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">兄安敢妄赞一词</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">?</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">妹慧人</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">希自决</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">”張君勱的拘謹與守舊,恐怕連他的老師梁啓超都會不以為然吧。</span></p> <p><span style="font-family:SimSun;"> </span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">在这种情况下</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">张幼仪只好给远在美国的儿子阿欢写信</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">:“</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">母拟出嫁</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">儿意云何?</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">”她的</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">理由很简单:“因为我是个寡妇,理应听我儿子的话。”徐积锴是一名土木工程师,他的回信不仅富于辞采,而且情真意切,令人动容:“母孀居守节,逾三十年,生我抚我,鞠我育我,劬劳之恩,昊天罔极。今幸粗有树立,且能自赡。诸孙长成,全出母训。……综母生平,殊少欢愉。母职已尽,母心宜慰,谁慰母氏?谁伴母氏?母如得人,儿请父事。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;">”</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">相对于困守</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">“</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">饿死事小失节事大</span><span style="font-family: SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">”</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">之类儒学名教的二哥張君勱</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">阿欢表现出了以人为本的现代文明价值观,他在美國生活,已經融入美國社會,並接受美國的個人主義的價值觀</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">。</span></p> <p><span style="font-family:SimSun;"> 一九五三</span><span style="font-family: SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">年</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">,五十三</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">岁的张幼仪和苏纪之在东京举行婚礼</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei";">之后兩人共同生活了二十年,那應當是張幼儀一生中最幸福的二十年,儘管她在上海的事業已不復存在,她重新成為一名普通、平凡的家庭婦女</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;">一九七二</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">年</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">苏纪之因肠癌去世,张幼仪搬到美国</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">住在儿子家附近</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">一生中最後的十六年,安寧而平和。張家龐大的家族常常在海外相聚,張幼儀的八弟張吁九的孫女張邦梅幫助張幼儀整理了口述自傳,成為家族中對姑婆的一生最瞭解的後代。張邦梅還記載了晚年的張幼儀與自己的爺爺張禹九這對姐弟之間就對徐志摩的看法的微妙矛盾。張禹九一生都很崇拜徐志摩,對徐志摩的欣賞超過了對自己的姐姐的同情。張禹九在臨終之前還特別叮囑張邦梅在研究和寫作之時要“對徐志摩仁慈一點”,而且要求在他的喪禮中朗誦一首徐志摩的詩。張幼儀和張禹九都曾來張邦梅家做客,張邦梅觀察到有趣的細節:“姑婆待在我們家的時候想來都很自在,可是一有爺爺在場,就顯得步自然又拘小節,說起話來帶著尖銳而且比平常用力的嗓音,好像擔心爺爺會質疑她或譏笑她的權威似的,而爺爺的確有把她的意見看得微不足道的傾向。”而這種隱藏的衝突乃是處事風格的不同,甚至可以說是徐志摩人格與張幼儀人格的衝突的延續:“爺爺平時那種調皮搗蛋又愛說笑的態度(張家每個人都說這點最像徐志摩的個性),似乎被幼儀那正經八百的態度給壓了下去。</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">”</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftn26" name="_ftnref26"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight""><span><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";">[26]</span></span></span></a></p> <p style="text-indent:21.0pt;"><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">一九八八</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">年</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,張幼儀</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">以八十八岁高龄逝世于纽约</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">安葬在市郊墓园</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">,</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">墓碑上刻着</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">“</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">苏张幼仪</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">”四</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Microsoft YaHei"">个字</span><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight"">。她的一生,有痛苦,有挫敗,有愛,有成功,經歷過死蔭的幽谷,然後就是花香滿徑。</span></p> <p> </p> <div><br clear="all" /> <hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" /> <div id="ftn1"> <p><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1"><span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;Times New Roman";">[1]</span></span></a> <span style="font-family: SimSun;">湯晏:《葉公超的兩個世界》,(台北:衛城出版,</span>2015<span style="font-family:SimSun;">年),頁</span>84<span style="font-family:SimSun;">。</span></p> </div> <div id="ftn2"> <p><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2"><span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;Times New Roman";">[2]</span></span></a> <span style="font-family: SimSun;">朱雲喬:《張幼儀傳》,(北京:中國工人出版社,</span>2015<span style="font-family:SimSun;">年),頁</span>165<span style="font-family:SimSun;">。</span></p> </div> <div id="ftn3"> <p><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3"><span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;Times New Roman";">[3]</span></span></a> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">林徽音和梁思成的朋友、美國學者費慰梅認為,林徽並未爱过徐志摩,林視徐爲老師和大哥的角色:“在多年以后听她讲徐志摩,我注意到她的记忆总是和文学大师们联系在一起——雪莱、济慈、拜伦、凯瑟琳·曼斯菲尔德、弗吉尼亚·沃尔芙,以及其他人。在我看来</span>, <span style="font-family:SimSun;">在他的挚爱中他可能承担了教师和指导者的角色,</span> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">把她导人英国的诗歌和戏剧的世界。”參閱(美)费慰梅《中国建筑之魂》,(上海:上海文艺出版社,</span>2 0 0 3 <span style="font-family:SimSun;">年)。</span></p> <p> </p> </div> <div id="ftn4"> <p><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftnref4" name="_ftn4"><span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;Times New Roman";">[4]</span></span></a> <span style="font-family: SimSun;">劉海粟:《存天閣談藝錄》,(北京:中國青年出版社,</span>1990<span style="font-family:SimSun;">年),頁</span>201<span style="font-family:SimSun;">。</span></p> </div> <div id="ftn5"> <p><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftnref5" name="_ftn5"><span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;Times New Roman";">[5]</span></span></a><span style="font-family:SimSun;Malgun Gothic Semilight";"> 陳從周:《徐志摩:年譜與評述》,(上海:上海書店,2008年),頁71。</span></p> </div> <div id="ftn6"> <p><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftnref6" name="_ftn6"><span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;Times New Roman";">[6]</span></span></a> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">(美)約翰·斯圖亞特·湯姆森(</span>John Stuart Thomson<span style="font-family:SimSun;">):《北洋之始》,(濟南:山東畫報出版社,</span>2008<span style="font-family: SimSun;">年),頁</span>251<span style="font-family:SimSun;">。</span></p> </div> <div id="ftn7"> <p><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftnref7" name="_ftn7"><span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;Times New Roman";">[7]</span></span></a> <span style="font-family: SimSun;">張邦梅、張幼儀:《小腳與西服》,(台北:智庫出版,</span>1996<span style="font-family:SimSun;">年),頁</span>204<span style="font-family:SimSun;">。</span></p> </div> <div id="ftn8"> <p><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftnref8" name="_ftn8"><span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;Times New Roman";">[8]</span></span></a> <span style="font-family: SimSun;">張邦梅、張幼儀:《小腳與西服》,頁</span>204<span style="font-family: SimSun;">。</span></p> </div> <div id="ftn9"> <p><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftnref9" name="_ftn9"><span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;Times New Roman";">[9]</span></span></a> <span style="font-family: SimSun;">秦孝儀主編:《中華民國名人傳》(第一冊),(台北:近代中國出版社,</span>1984<span style="font-family:SimSun;">年),頁</span>405-406<span style="font-family:SimSun;">。</span></p> </div> <div id="ftn10"> <p><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftnref10" name="_ftn10"><span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;Times New Roman";">[10]</span></span></a> <span style="font-family: SimSun;">姚崧齡:《張公權先生年譜初稿》(上冊),(台北:傳記文學出版社,</span>1982<span style="font-family:SimSun;">年),頁</span>73<span style="font-family:SimSun;">。</span></p> </div> <div id="ftn11"> <p><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftnref11" name="_ftn11"><span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;Times New Roman";">[11]</span></span></a> <span style="font-family: SimSun;">十二叔:《民國陳光甫:一個領先時代的銀行家》,(成都:西南財經大學出版社,</span>2013<span style="font-family:SimSun;">年),頁</span>235-236<span style="font-family:SimSun;">。</span></p> </div> <div id="ftn12"> <p><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftnref12" name="_ftn12"><span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;Times New Roman";">[12]</span></span></a> <span style="font-family: SimSun;">(法)白吉爾:《中國資產階級的黃金時代(</span>1911-1937<span style="font-family:SimSun;">)》,(上海:上海人民出版社,</span>1994<span style="font-family:SimSun;">年),頁</span>260<span style="font-family:SimSun;">。</span></p> </div> <div id="ftn13"> <p><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftnref13" name="_ftn13"><span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;Times New Roman";">[13]</span></span></a> <span style="font-family: SimSun;">秦孝儀主編:《中華民國名人傳》(第一冊),頁</span>414-415<span style="font-family:SimSun;">。</span></p> </div> <div id="ftn14"> <p><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftnref14" name="_ftn14"><span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;Times New Roman";">[14]</span></span></a> <span style="font-family: SimSun;">張邦梅、張幼儀:《小腳與西服》,頁</span>204<span style="font-family: SimSun;">。</span></p> </div> <div id="ftn15"> <p><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftnref15" name="_ftn15"><span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;Times New Roman";">[15]</span></span></a> <span style="font-family: SimSun;">朱雲喬:《張幼儀傳》,頁</span>203<span style="font-family: SimSun;">。</span></p> </div> <div id="ftn16"> <p><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftnref16" name="_ftn16"><span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;Times New Roman";">[16]</span></span></a> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">(美)約翰·斯圖亞特·湯姆森(</span>John Stuart Thomson<span style="font-family:SimSun;">):《北洋之始》,頁</span>337<span style="font-family:SimSun;">。</span></p> </div> <div id="ftn17"> <p><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftnref17" name="_ftn17"><span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;Times New Roman";">[17]</span></span></a> <span style="font-family:SimSun;">(美)約翰·斯圖亞特·湯姆森(</span>John Stuart Thomson<span style="font-family:SimSun;">):《北洋之始》,頁</span>253<span style="font-family:SimSun;">。</span></p> </div> <div id="ftn18"> <p><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftnref18" name="_ftn18"><span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;Times New Roman";">[18]</span></span></a> <span style="font-family: SimSun;">張邦梅、張幼儀:《小腳與西服》,頁</span>206<span style="font-family: SimSun;">。</span></p> </div> <div id="ftn19"> <p><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftnref19" name="_ftn19"><span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;Times New Roman";">[19]</span></span></a> <span style="font-family: SimSun;">張邦梅、張幼儀:《小腳與西服》,頁</span>206</p> </div> <div id="ftn20"> <p><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftnref20" name="_ftn20"><span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;Times New Roman";">[20]</span></span></a> <span style="font-family: SimSun;">朱雲喬:《張幼儀傳》,頁</span>220-221<span style="font-family:SimSun;">。</span></p> </div> <div id="ftn21"> <p><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftnref21" name="_ftn21"><span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;Times New Roman";">[21]</span></span></a> <span style="font-family: SimSun;">徐志摩:《歐遊漫錄》,見《徐志摩全集》第三卷,(南寧:廣西民族出版社,</span>1991<span style="font-family:SimSun;">年),頁</span>269<span style="font-family:SimSun;">。</span></p> </div> <div id="ftn22"> <p><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftnref22" name="_ftn22"><span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;Times New Roman";">[22]</span></span></a> <span style="font-family: SimSun;">徐志摩:《歐遊漫錄》,見《徐志摩全集》第三卷,頁</span>288<span style="font-family: SimSun;">。</span></p> </div> <div id="ftn23"> <p><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftnref23" name="_ftn23"><span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;Times New Roman";">[23]</span></span></a> <span style="font-family: SimSun;">周言:《王國維與民國政治》,(北京:九州出版社,</span>2013<span style="font-family:SimSun;">年),頁</span>182<span style="font-family:SimSun;">。</span></p> </div> <div id="ftn24"> <p><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftnref24" name="_ftn24"><span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;Times New Roman";">[24]</span></span></a> <span style="font-family: SimSun;">徐志摩:《又從蘇俄回來講到副刊》,見《徐志摩全集》第三卷,頁</span>337<span style="font-family: SimSun;">。</span></p> </div> <div id="ftn25"> <p><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftnref25" name="_ftn25"><span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;Times New Roman";">[25]</span></span></a> <span style="font-family: SimSun;">趙園:《家人父子:由人倫探訪明清之際士大夫的生活世界》,(北京:北京大學出版社,</span>2015<span style="font-family:SimSun;">年),頁</span>6<span style="font-family:SimSun;">。</span></p> </div> <div id="ftn26"> <p><a href="file:///C:/Users/pijih/Downloads/13%20%20%E5%BC%B5%E5%B9%BC%E5%84%80%EF%BC%9A%E5%A1%B5%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%B6%BB%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5.docx#_ftnref26" name="_ftn26"><span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;Times New Roman";">[26]</span></span></a> <span style="font-family: SimSun;">張邦梅、張幼儀:《小腳與西服》,頁</span>201<span style="font-family: SimSun;">。</span></p> </div> </div>