中朝“唇齿相依”?若开战一切“成谜”

<p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px; font-size: 19px; line-height: 25px; font-family: &quot;MS Song&quot;, &quot;MS Hei&quot;; background-color: #ffffff;">&nbsp;《中朝友好合作互助条约》去年签署55周年之际,两国领导人曾互致贺电。但问及开战情况下,中国是否会向朝鲜提供军事援助,中方态度似乎并不那么明了。</p><div style="margin: 7px 0px 10px; padding: 7px 20px 10px 0px; float: none; width: 700px; clear: both; font-family: &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;; font-size: medium; background-color: #ffffff;"><a href="http://www.dw.com/zh/%E4%B8%AD%E6%9C%9D%E5%94%87%E9%BD%BF%E7%9B%B8%E4%BE%9D%E8%8B%A5%E5%BC%80%E6%88%98%E4%B8%80%E5%88%87%E6%88%90%E8%B0%9C/a-38700686?&amp;zhongwen=simp#" link="/overlay/image/article/38700686/38434667" rel="nofollow" style="color: #0087eb; text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer;"><img src="http://www.dw.com/image/38434667_303.jpg" title="Nordkorea Milit&#228;rparade in Pj&#246;ngjang Kim Jong Un (picture-alliance/dpa/W. Maye-E)" alt="Nordkorea Milit&#228;rparade in Pj&#246;ngjang Kim Jong Un (picture-alliance/dpa/W. Maye-E)" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; width: 700px; height: auto;" /></a><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: #888888; padding: 4px 0px; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px; font-family: &quot;MS Song&quot;, &quot;MS Hei&quot;; width: 720px;">现任中朝领导人习近平与金正恩素未谋面</p></div><div style="margin-bottom: 30px; font-family: &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;; font-size: medium; background-color: #ffffff;"><div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: #3e3e3e; font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: &quot;MS Song&quot;, &quot;MS Hei&quot;;"><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: &quot;MS Song&quot;, &quot;MS Hei&quot;; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">(德国之声中文网)法新社评述说,1961年,朝鲜开国领导人金日成访问北京,与中国签署《中朝友好合作互助条约》。如今,半个多世纪过去,朝鲜也进行多次核试验,该条约越来越有一种冷战遗迹的味道。</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: &quot;MS Song&quot;, &quot;MS Hei&quot;; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">人们不禁问道,倘若朝鲜与美韩发生军事对抗,北京是否会为平壤提供防御支持?</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: &quot;MS Song&quot;, &quot;MS Hei&quot;; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">毛泽东曾称中朝关系"唇齿相依"。金日成也曾对毛泽东说,签署该条约提升了朝鲜的信心和安全感。但如今,二人早已作古。世界第二大经济体中国并未表现出在一场军事冲突中将保卫盟国的热情。</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: &quot;MS Song&quot;, &quot;MS Hei&quot;; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">现任中朝领导人习近平与金正恩更是素未谋面。</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: &quot;MS Song&quot;, &quot;MS Hei&quot;; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">美国海军学院教授余茂春(Maochun Miles Yu)对法新社表示,尽管条约仍是中朝关系"非常重要的部分",但中国是否会为朝鲜提供军事援助,"是个谜"。</p><div style="margin: 0px; padding: 7px 20px 10px 0px; float: none; width: 700px; clear: both;"><a href="http://www.dw.com/zh/%E4%B8%AD%E6%9C%9D%E5%94%87%E9%BD%BF%E7%9B%B8%E4%BE%9D%E8%8B%A5%E5%BC%80%E6%88%98%E4%B8%80%E5%88%87%E6%88%90%E8%B0%9C/a-38700686?&amp;zhongwen=simp#" link="/overlay/image/article/38700686/16466285" rel="nofollow" style="color: #0087eb; text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer;"><img border="0" width="700" height="394" src="http://www.dw.com/image/16466285_401.jpg" title="毛泽东曾称中朝关系唇齿相依" alt="Mao Zedong Mao Tse-tung China 1960 (Getty Images)" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; width: 700px; height: auto;" /></a><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: #888888; padding: 4px 0px; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px; font-family: &quot;MS Song&quot;, &quot;MS Hei&quot;; width: 720px;">毛泽东曾称中朝关系"唇齿相依"</p></div><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: &quot;MS Song&quot;, &quot;MS Hei&quot;; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;"><span style="color: #000000; font-size: 19px; line-height: 25px; font-family: &quot;MS Song&quot;, &quot;MS Hei&quot;;">"</span><span style="color: #000000; font-size: 19px; line-height: 25px; font-family: &quot;MS Song&quot;, &quot;MS Hei&quot;;">朝鲜可能已经违约</span><span style="color: #000000; font-size: 19px; line-height: 25px; font-family: &quot;MS Song&quot;, &quot;MS Hei&quot;;">"</span></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: &quot;MS Song&quot;, &quot;MS Hei&quot;; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">朝鲜多次试射导弹、可能进行第六次核试验,再加上美国的施压,让北京也受到压力。中国海军专家李杰上月对《南华早报》表示,很难说在战争情况下北京如何军事支援朝鲜,因为朝鲜研发核武器,可能已经违反了两国间的条约。</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: &quot;MS Song&quot;, &quot;MS Hei&quot;; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">今年4月,中国《环球时报》在社论中称:"半岛万一生战,&#8230;&#8230;中国公众最关心战乱不能越过鸭绿江,这包括不能有污染、首先是核污染扩散进来,也不应有难民潮涌入。除此之外,中国人不希望看到三八线被军事行动打破,会支持国家维护东北亚的现有格局。"</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: &quot;MS Song&quot;, &quot;MS Hei&quot;; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">该社论称:"如果美韩突破三八线对朝采取全面军事行动,那他们就需把中国军事干预的可能风险考虑进去。"</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: &quot;MS Song&quot;, &quot;MS Hei&quot;; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">北京对美国在该地区的举动十分敏感。周二,有记者问美国宣称萨德系统当日已可以启用,中国外交部发言人"敦促有关方面立即停止部署进程","同时,我们将坚决采取必要措施,捍卫自身利益"。</p><div style="margin: 0px; padding: 7px 20px 10px 0px; float: none; width: 700px; clear: both;"><a href="http://www.dw.com/zh/%E4%B8%AD%E6%9C%9D%E5%94%87%E9%BD%BF%E7%9B%B8%E4%BE%9D%E8%8B%A5%E5%BC%80%E6%88%98%E4%B8%80%E5%88%87%E6%88%90%E8%B0%9C/a-38700686?&amp;zhongwen=simp#" link="/overlay/image/article/38700686/38434717" rel="nofollow" style="color: #0087eb; text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer;"><img border="0" width="700" height="394" src="http://www.dw.com/image/38434717_401.jpg" title="平壤&#8220;大阅兵&#8221;" alt="Nordkorea Milit&#228;rparade in Pj&#246;ngjang (Reuters/D. Sagolj)" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; width: 700px; height: auto;" /></a><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: #888888; padding: 4px 0px; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px; font-family: &quot;MS Song&quot;, &quot;MS Hei&quot;; width: 720px;">平壤&#8220;大阅兵&#8221;</p></div><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: &quot;MS Song&quot;, &quot;MS Hei&quot;; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">&nbsp;<span style="color: #000000; font-size: 19px; line-height: 25px; font-family: &quot;MS Song&quot;, &quot;MS Hei&quot;;">"</span><span style="color: #000000; font-size: 19px; line-height: 25px; font-family: &quot;MS Song&quot;, &quot;MS Hei&quot;;">宝贵财富</span><span style="color: #000000; font-size: 19px; line-height: 25px; font-family: &quot;MS Song&quot;, &quot;MS Hei&quot;;">"</span><span style="color: #000000; font-size: 19px; line-height: 25px; font-family: &quot;MS Song&quot;, &quot;MS Hei&quot;;">与</span><span style="color: #000000; font-size: 19px; line-height: 25px; font-family: &quot;MS Song&quot;, &quot;MS Hei&quot;;">"</span><span style="color: #000000; font-size: 19px; line-height: 25px; font-family: &quot;MS Song&quot;, &quot;MS Hei&quot;;">法律基础</span><span style="color: #000000; font-size: 19px; line-height: 25px; font-family: &quot;MS Song&quot;, &quot;MS Hei&quot;;">"</span></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: &quot;MS Song&quot;, &quot;MS Hei&quot;; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">《中朝友好合作互助条约》每20年自动续期,上一次是在2001年,意味着目前的有效期至2021年。</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: &quot;MS Song&quot;, &quot;MS Hei&quot;; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">去年,该条约签署55周年,习近平与金正恩互致贺电。中国官方报道,习近平写道:"55年来,中朝双方在《中朝友好合作互助条约》的原则和精神指引下,相互支持","中朝友谊是双方共同的宝贵财富"。</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: &quot;MS Song&quot;, &quot;MS Hei&quot;; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">金正恩则写道:"55年前,两国老一辈领导人亲自签署的《朝中友好合作互助条约》是能够持久巩固和发展在反帝自主、社会主义的浴血斗争中形成的友好合作关系的牢固法律基础。"</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: &quot;MS Song&quot;, &quot;MS Hei&quot;; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">但在2013年,中国国防部一次新闻发布会上,有记者问:"如果北朝鲜一旦遭受攻击,根据中国1961年和朝鲜签订的《中朝友好合作互助条约》,一旦北朝鲜发生战争,中国是否会给予其军事上的援助?"</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: &quot;MS Song&quot;, &quot;MS Hei&quot;; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">国防部发言人杨宇军说:"这个问题是一个假设性问题,如果我作为发言人回答了这样的问题,可能明天会有朋友上网批评我不够专业了。"</p><div style="margin: 0px; padding: 7px 20px 10px 0px; float: none; width: 700px; clear: both;"><a href="http://www.dw.com/zh/%E4%B8%AD%E6%9C%9D%E5%94%87%E9%BD%BF%E7%9B%B8%E4%BE%9D%E8%8B%A5%E5%BC%80%E6%88%98%E4%B8%80%E5%88%87%E6%88%90%E8%B0%9C/a-38700686?&amp;zhongwen=simp#" link="/overlay/image/article/38700686/38392635" rel="nofollow" style="color: #0087eb; text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer;"><img border="0" width="700" height="394" src="http://www.dw.com/image/38392635_401.jpg" title="中国官方报道,习近平写道:55年来,中朝双方在《中朝友好合作互助条约》的原则和精神指引下,相互支持" alt="China G20 – Xi Jinping (Getty Images/AFP/H. H. Young)" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; width: 700px; height: auto;" /></a><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: #888888; padding: 4px 0px; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px; font-family: &quot;MS Song&quot;, &quot;MS Hei&quot;; width: 720px;">中国官方报道,习近平写道:"55年来,中朝双方在《中朝友好合作互助条约》的原则和精神指引下,相互支持"</p></div><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: &quot;MS Song&quot;, &quot;MS Hei&quot;; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;"><span style="color: #000000; font-size: 19px; line-height: 25px; font-family: &quot;MS Song&quot;, &quot;MS Hei&quot;;">"</span><span style="color: #000000; font-size: 19px; line-height: 25px; font-family: &quot;MS Song&quot;, &quot;MS Hei&quot;;">不会牺牲与美韩关系</span><span style="color: #000000; font-size: 19px; line-height: 25px; font-family: &quot;MS Song&quot;, &quot;MS Hei&quot;;">"</span></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: &quot;MS Song&quot;, &quot;MS Hei&quot;; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">周二,中国外交部发言人耿爽也被问及这一问题。有记者问:"根据《中朝友好合作互助条约》规定,一方如受到进攻,另一方应给予军事援助。中方是否仍遵守上述条款?双方是否会在2021年续约?"</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: &quot;MS Song&quot;, &quot;MS Hei&quot;; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">耿爽回答说:"中朝是近邻,两国有着友好交往的传统。你提到的《中朝友好合作互助条约》的宗旨,是促进中朝各领域的友好合作,维护地区和平与安全。当前半岛局势复杂敏感、高度紧张,我们敦促有关各方保持冷静克制,不要采取相互刺激、导致半岛局势进一步升级的举动。"</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: &quot;MS Song&quot;, &quot;MS Hei&quot;; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">上海同济大学助理教授丁榕俊(Young-June Chung)向法新社表示,该条约的外交地位有点模糊,不过,北京"不会为朝鲜牺牲与美、韩的关系"。</p></div></div>