<div></div><div><img src="/EditBackyard/EditorData/Photo/2017/Sep/916201716-2.jpg" width="660" height="371" alt="" /></div><div><span style="color: #ececec; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; background-color: #111111;">台湾"黑心食用油"企业遭重判重罚,是否代表台湾初步解决食安问题?</span><br /> </div><div><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 28px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">台湾"黑心食用油"企业遭重判重罚,是否代表台湾初步解决食安问题?对比两岸三地食安管制,台湾做的够不够?</p><h2>"体系通盘检讨"</h2><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">台湾的最高法院在14日时祭出重罚,将2014年的"黑心食用油"事件的主角强冠公司给予重罚1.2台币(约300万美金)、没收8100万台币(约270万美金)不法所得,董座叶文祥重判22年、副总经理戴启川18年。</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">这起判决出炉后,台湾许多业界人士纷纷表示欣慰,公家机关各部门也感到振奋。然而,在许多人感到"正义来临"之时,也有专家认为,判决毕竟是一时的结果,整体体系的脉络改善,相对来说更重要。</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">台湾大叶大学餐旅管理学系,长年研究食品安全的郑信男副教授,在接受BBC中文网专访时表示,就单一事件来说,强冠事件的重判确实有一定的吓阻作用。然而,强冠毕竟是整个食品制造体系的上游厂商,体系通盘才是有检讨必要。</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">他解释,上游厂商固然是原料提供来源,但下游的厂商也必须做好监督食品来源的责任。好比台湾的统一与顶新企业,都是横跨两岸三地的食品业界巨人,一但他们使用了上游黑心厂商的原料,制造出的商品让消费者受害,他们身为下游厂商也应当负起自身责任。</p><figure style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; margin: 24px -24.6449px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #111111; clear: both;"><span style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; display: block; position: relative;"><img src="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/624/cpsprodpb/9C43/production/_97830004_d4024d6d-bc35-4ae2-8a19-83448e0c713c.jpg" datasrc="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/320/cpsprodpb/9C43/production/_97830004_d4024d6d-bc35-4ae2-8a19-83448e0c713c.jpg" alt="8月份比利时、荷兰等欧洲国家曝光受到化学品污染的" 毒鸡蛋"问题,香港政府严查从欧洲进口的鸡蛋"="" width="976" height="549" data-highest-encountered-width="624" style="color: #bdbdbd; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; height: auto; max-width: 100%; user-select: none; width: 616.207px; transition: opacity 0.2s ease-in; display: block;" /><span style="border: 0px !important; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px !important; vertical-align: baseline; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">图片版权</span><span style="border: 0px; color: #ececec; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.875rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.25px; line-height: 1.14286; margin: 0px; padding: 3px 8px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; text-transform: uppercase; background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6); bottom: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0px;">EPA</span></span><figcaption style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 16px; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible;"><span style="border: 0px !important; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px !important; vertical-align: baseline; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Image caption</span><span style="border: 0px; color: #ececec; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.33333; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; display: block;">随着全球化,食品安全成为国际问题:8月份媒体揭露比利时、荷兰等欧洲国家受到化学品污染的“毒鸡蛋”问题,香港政府立即严查从欧洲进口的鸡蛋。</span></figcaption></figure><h2>上中下游都有责任</h2><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">郑信男说,至今台湾没有一个针对下游厂商的不负责监督而引发的后果来负责的机制,结果就造成食安危机发生时,反而会有下游厂商去跟上游厂商提告名誉受损或是求偿的事。</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">他举例,台湾曾经在2013年爆发"毒淀粉事件",当时许多厂商被发现在酱油与粉圆、面条等含有淀粉的制品中掺入工业用的防腐剂。但是最后加工的食品大厂商都只有轻判,其实他们都须待负起"连带责任"。</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">郑信男补充,台湾的消费者都是看重下游制造厂商的名气而去买产品,但是一但消费者健康受到威胁甚至生命受损,知名的下游厂商却跟上游厂商先求偿,明显还是想切割责任,这样其实并不公平。</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">再者,台湾在食品的稽查与法规落实等,郑信男也认为还需要更多自主意识与管理。当时发生强冠的食用油事件时,当下不论公家机关的稽核数量、能力、质量都不足,才间接造成许多官员下台负责。许多偏乡的卫生机关人力不足,以致稽核出现缺失,是不争的事实。</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">郑信男说,台湾的都会区当然人力是可以充分调配,但是强冠事件发生所在地屏东县乡下,不只人力不足,人员还要面对政治人物、民代关说,种种政治角力让许多第一线的人员心灰意冷,最后选择请调。这样对公权力不友善的环境,当然需要检讨。</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">此外,卫生单位搭配警察与环保单位联系也是相当重要。郑信男表示,食安问题不能单靠圈内人,也要有许多圈外人在政府的推广下理解,才能爱护这个产业。很多县市目前也成立食安办公室,就是希望整合行动,让食安问题有固定管道处理。</p><figure style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; margin: 24px -24.6449px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #111111; clear: both;"><span style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; display: block; position: relative;"><img src="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/624/cpsprodpb/90C5/production/_97816073_taiwanfoodsafety.jpg" datasrc="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/320/cpsprodpb/90C5/production/_97816073_taiwanfoodsafety.jpg" alt="台湾政府因忽视食品安全不断受到批评。(资料图片)" width="640" height="360" data-highest-encountered-width="624" style="color: #bdbdbd; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; height: auto; max-width: 100%; user-select: none; width: 616.207px; transition: opacity 0.2s ease-in; display: block;" /><span style="border: 0px !important; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px !important; vertical-align: baseline; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">图片版权</span><span style="border: 0px; color: #ececec; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.875rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.25px; line-height: 1.14286; margin: 0px; padding: 3px 8px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; text-transform: uppercase; background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6); bottom: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0px;">AFP</span></span><figcaption style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 16px; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible;"><span style="border: 0px !important; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px !important; vertical-align: baseline; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Image caption</span><span style="border: 0px; color: #ececec; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.33333; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; display: block;">台湾政府因忽视食品安全不断受到批评。(资料图片)</span></figcaption></figure><h2>中港出现改善?</h2><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">而跟同属华人圈的中国相比,强冠的董事长判决,这次22年的刑期似乎还"不算太重",2008年发生在中国的三聚氢氨毒奶粉事件,当时三鹿集团的张玉军与耿金平等被中国当局执行死刑。其他的相关人士也全都获判无期到15年不等的刑期。</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">郑信男表示,中国再经过这一次的教训后,这几年下来是有在食安问题上出现较积极的一面。然而,这不代表问题已经全面改善,在法治方面还是有待确切落实,华人世界对于法令,仍是"重重拿起、轻轻放下"居多。</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">而在香港部分,郑信男则说,香港是受制于英国的规制,因此很多卫生条例与观念都是承袭自英国与欧盟的标准,相对来说香港的法治落实面还蛮不错。但是最近这几年香港也慢慢出现食安问题,显示官僚体制出现若干松动。</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">郑信男认为,食安问题不是国内问题,也是国际的信用危机。台湾的食品加工也出口外销其他国。只要一个事件发生,就有可能将台湾的食品信任打到最谷底,政府在藉由这次的案例下,也应该思考,修法的目的不是在于重罚,而是希望让做食品的业者,都能有自觉,才能保护消费者,而非存侥幸心理。</p> </div>