<p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px; font-size: 19px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; background-color: #ffffff;">北京市政府决定，今年冬季停止一切大型公共工程建设，以改善该市臭名昭著的雾霾问题。中国近年来雾霾问题严重，当局多次表示将大力整顿，但迄今为止收效并不明显。</p><div style="margin: 7px 0px 10px; padding: 7px 20px 10px 0px; float: none; width: 700px; clear: both; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; background-color: #ffffff;"><a href="http://www.dw.com/zh/%E6%8A%97%E9%9C%BE%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E6%8E%A8%E6%9C%80%E4%B8%A5%E5%81%9C%E5%B7%A5%E4%BB%A4/a-40545293?&zhongwen=simp#" link="/overlay/image/article/40545293/19546445" rel="nofollow" style="color: #0087eb; text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer;"><img src="http://www.dw.com/image/19546445_303.jpg" title="China Atemschutzmasken in Peking (Getty Images/K. Frayer)" alt="China Atemschutzmasken in Peking (Getty Images/K. Frayer)" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; width: 700px; height: auto;" /></a><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: #888888; padding: 4px 0px; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; width: 720px;"></p></div><div style="margin-bottom: 30px; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; background-color: #ffffff;"><div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: #3e3e3e; font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei";"><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">（德国之声中文网）多家中国官方媒体周日（9月17日）以"北京发布最严停工令"为题报道称，北京市住建委发布《2017-2018年秋冬季建设系统施工现场扬尘治理攻坚行动方案》，要求从今年11月15日到2018年3月15日的采暖季期间，北京市内全部六区及十个郊区等范围内停止道路工程、水利工程等土石方作业，房屋拆迁施工也要停工。对于重大民生工程和重点项目涉及土石方作业无法停工的，需报市政府同意后方可实施。</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;"><span style="color: #000000; font-size: 19px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei";">雾霾成杀手 供暖是源头</span></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">数十年来，中国经济飞速发展的同时也造成严重环境破坏，以雾霾为代表的空气质量恶化以及水源和土壤污染尤为明显，对民众健康造成严重影响。</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">2015年，美国伯克利地球组织（Berkeley Earth）曾发布研究结果称，中国的空气污染平均每天导致4000人死亡，占中国总死亡人数的17%。德国马克斯- 普朗克化学研究所的研究结果与此相近。而这一死亡数字明显多于中国因交通事故死亡或者艾滋病的死亡病例。</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">而美国芝加哥大学能源政策研究所（EPIC）不久前发布<a href="http://www.dw.com/zh/%E7%A9%BA%E6%B0%94%E6%B1%A1%E6%9F%93%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E4%BA%BA%E5%9D%87%E6%8A%98%E5%AF%BF64%E5%B9%B4-%E5%8D%97%E6%96%B9%E4%BA%BA%E5%A4%9A%E6%B4%BB31%E5%B9%B4/a-40527794" style="color: #0087eb; text-decoration-line: none;">研究报告</a>称，中国淮河以北地区人口的平均寿命比淮河以南地区的人少3.1年。报告显示，国家实行数十年的集体供暖政策是造成这一差异的主要原因。研究人员认为，如果中国能遵守世界卫生组织的空气质量标准，中国人平均寿命可增加3年半。北京民众平均寿命额外增加6.4年，哈尔滨民众平均寿命增加6.9年。</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">2014年世界环境日期间，中国政府誓言"向污染宣战"，今年已经是这一运动的第四个年头。北京承诺加强对工业企业的监控，限制交通，以确保北方地区今冬的雾霾防治指标达标。</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">而在首都北京，更是提出要把空气中的PM2.5含量在2012年的基础上减少四分之一，将每平方米PM2.5的浓度控制在60微克左右。</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">去年1月和2月份，北京经历几乎有史以来最为严重的雾霾天气，政府当时的解释是"气象条件不佳"。</p><div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei";"><div style="width: 720px; float: left;"><div data-id="36986360" data-title="新的一年，从雾霾中开始" data-date="20170103" style="float: left; width: 700px; height: auto; margin: 0px 0px 30px; background-color: #000000; position: static !important;"><ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style: none inside; overflow: hidden; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; position: relative; width: 700px; height: 551.42px;"><li style="background-image: url("../cssi/list-blip.png"); background-position: 1px 10px; background-size: initial; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; opacity: 1; min-height: 544px; display: block; top: 0px; left: 0px; z-index: 8;"><div style="float: left; position: relative; width: 700px; height: 394px; overflow: hidden; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; background-color: #111111; clear: both; top: 0px; left: 0px; z-index: 10; cursor: pointer;"><img src="http://www.dw.com/image/36985980_303.jpg" title="China Smog in Peking (Getty Images/VCG)" alt="China Smog in Peking (Getty Images/VCG)" style="width: 700px;" /></div><div style="position: relative; left: 0px; bottom: 0px; z-index: 11; width: 700px; margin: 0px; padding: 15px; box-sizing: border-box; float: left; height: auto; min-height: 150px;"><div></div><h4>新的一年，从雾霾中开始</h4><h2>“世界上最远的距离”</h2><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: #bbbbbb; font-size: 16px; line-height: 20px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; width: auto;">新年伊始，北京一片灰蒙蒙。曾在网上热传的段子，“世界上最远的距离：我站在天安门广场，却看不到毛主席”，再次成为现实。</p></div></li></ul><br /><div style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; height: 40px;"><div style="position: relative; z-index: 100; left: 6px; bottom: 0px; width: 678.991px; overflow: hidden;"><div style="float: right;"><a rel="nofollow" style="color: #888888; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; padding: 4px; font-weight: bold; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei", sans-serif; display: block; float: left; width: 16px; height: 12px; background: url("../cssi/icons-pagination.png") -80px -80px no-repeat;"></a><a rel="nofollow" style="color: #888888; 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line-height: 20px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei", sans-serif;">2</a><a href="http://www.dw.com/zh/%E6%8A%97%E9%9C%BE%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E6%8E%A8%E6%9C%80%E4%B8%A5%E5%81%9C%E5%B7%A5%E4%BB%A4/a-40545293?&zhongwen=simp#" id="p2" style="color: #888888; text-decoration-line: none; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; padding: 4px; font-weight: bold; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei", sans-serif;">3</a><a href="http://www.dw.com/zh/%E6%8A%97%E9%9C%BE%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E6%8E%A8%E6%9C%80%E4%B8%A5%E5%81%9C%E5%B7%A5%E4%BB%A4/a-40545293?&zhongwen=simp#" id="p3" style="color: #888888; text-decoration-line: none; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; padding: 4px; font-weight: bold; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei", sans-serif;">4</a><a href="http://www.dw.com/zh/%E6%8A%97%E9%9C%BE%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E6%8E%A8%E6%9C%80%E4%B8%A5%E5%81%9C%E5%B7%A5%E4%BB%A4/a-40545293?&zhongwen=simp#" id="p4" style="color: #888888; 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