<p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><br /></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 8pt;"> <img size="4693" id="m_2716888680670485961m_5019448331912346486m_6873829611233625480img126594" src="https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?ui=2&ik=0551df2188&view=fimg&th=15fffde49d18bdb3&attid=0.0.16&disp=emb&realattid=249aa4d51f782899_0.0.7&attbid=ANGjdJ_qQtVJ4mUKlThA_SI1Lil7iBfnOH3WPI0SNfU0l7y01MSAQ99lyNcsnKo-fdQVjxtpkDABprUnAK2WF–kjxlKwPE355YRD0UuY9SfOR2BrwWpZmSYAj8o4XM&sz=s0-l75-ft&ats=1511838234318&rm=15fffde49d18bdb3&zw&atsh=1" style="max-width: 99.9%;" alt="" /><br /></span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">毛泽东表弟、以国军中将被中共判为</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">战犯</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">的文强之子文贯中回忆<wbr>,父子谈起1949年之后毛泽东对中国、对中共、对自己战友所做<wbr>的事时,他亲耳听晚年的父亲说过:</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">毛泽东在政治上是一个流氓。</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><wbr>”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文贯中解释,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">他下这个结论,意思是说,毛泽东宁使他负天下人<wbr>,不愿天下人负他。只要对自己的专权有利,无论什么手段都可以使<wbr>出来,对自己出生入死的战友也可以翻脸不认人,而且可以编出冠冕<wbr>堂皇的理由欺骗天下。</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">毛泽东表弟、以国军中将被中共判为</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">战犯</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">的文强之子文贯中回忆<wbr>,父子谈起1949年之后毛泽东对中国、对中共、对自己战友所做<wbr>的事时,他亲耳听晚年的父亲说过:</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">毛泽东在政治上是一个流氓。</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><wbr>”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文贯中解释,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">他下这个结论,意思是说,毛泽东宁使他负天下人<wbr>,不愿天下人负他。只要对自己的专权有利,无论什么手段都可以使<wbr>出来,对自己出生入死的战友也可以翻脸不认人,而且可以编出冠冕<wbr>堂皇的理由欺骗天下。</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文贯中还说,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">我父亲不是耿耿于怀的人,<wbr>平时讲话比较平和。就是讲毛泽东的为人,也是很客观地说,并不满<wbr>怀仇恨。毛泽东的后人愿与我父亲交往,我父亲对他们也非常友好,<wbr>比如,毛泽东的女儿李讷好几次与我父亲一起吃饭,我在国内时也参<wbr>加过一两次。</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 8pt;"> <img size="7938" id="m_2716888680670485961m_5019448331912346486m_6873829611233625480img519757" src="https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?ui=2&ik=0551df2188&view=fimg&th=15fffde49d18bdb3&attid=0.0.18&disp=emb&realattid=249aa4d51f782899_0.0.8&attbid=ANGjdJ-ISIegzNce752dsF5K98nattyDsna95JZVytDg1gVX0CI4-awdqqMLjrfcrqMzNkq0H7w4KAAojzsqddk8HbxjWeUPqDJJXsug3_odP7a0S655AjG8o_ZkxHY&sz=s0-l75-ft&ats=1511838234318&rm=15fffde49d18bdb3&zw&atsh=1" style="max-width: 99.9%;" alt="" /><br /></span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><em><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: #ff00ff; font-style: italic; font-size: 10pt;">文强在黄埔军校是林彪的班长,两人在国共内战战场又是对手.图为<wbr>文强与林彪之女林立衡合影.右为文贯中</span></em><em></em></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">说起文强这个名字,当今人们都知道是被薄熙来</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">打黑</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">处决的重庆<wbr>市公安局副局长。其实,还有一个文强,官职更高,名头更响,他是<wbr>毛泽东的表弟,林彪的班长,参加过周恩来的婚礼,周恩来介绍他加<wbr>入中共,戴笠约见邀他进入军统……文强以国军中将被中共判为</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">战<wbr>犯</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">,关押26年半,却活到了二十一世纪。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">他是毛泽东的表弟,却对这个</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">毛大哥</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">终生抱有戒心;他当过林彪<wbr>的班长,两人却打了一架;他参加过周恩来、邓颖超的婚礼,后来却<wbr>不肯响应周恩来的</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">归队</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">召唤;</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">他参加列宁主义青年团,随即由周恩来介绍加入中共,同时又加入国<wbr>民党;在国民党掌权前夕,却退出国民党,留在共产党内;</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">他在共产党内出生入死,却不得信任,含冤脱离共产党,又重返国民<wbr>党;</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">他被中共一关26年半,作为最后一批战犯被释放,却因祸得福躲过</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><wbr>“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文革</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">劫难;</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">他是中国现代史上诸多重大事件的参加者、见证人──黄埔军校,北<wbr>伐战争,南昌起义,创建苏区,八年抗战,淮海战役……他在共产党<wbr>内,当到了四川省委常委兼军委代理书记,在国民党内,当到了军统<wbr>北方区区长、国军中将;他被</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">特赦</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">后,又被选为两届全国政协委<wbr>员,见识了</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文革</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">、</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">四五</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">运动、改革开放和</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">六四</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">事件……</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">他就是文强。他说:</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">我有一个让我很高兴的称号</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">‘</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">世纪老人</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">。</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><wbr>他真的活了将近一个世纪:出生于满清末年,离开人间时已经进入二<wbr>十一世纪。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">2004年岁末,笔者与文强的第四子,在美国康涅迪克州三一学院<wbr>担任经济学副教授的文贯中通过电话作长谈,听他讲述父亲大起大落<wbr>的一生和他自己带血带泪的经历,并细读文强在去世之前口述、<wbr>去世后在大陆出版的自传。</span></p><div> </div><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><strong><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: #800000; font-weight: bold; font-size: 12pt;">求索</span></strong><strong></strong></p><div> </div><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">1946年出生的文贯中告诉笔者,他两岁时,在杜聿明手下担任徐<wbr>州</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">剿总</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">前线指挥部中将代总参谋长的父亲,就在淮海战役(台湾<wbr>叫</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">徐蚌会战</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">)中兵败被俘,失去音讯,一直到他年近</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">而立</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">之<wbr>前,只知道自己父亲是</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">反共战犯</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">,至于到底犯下什么罪行,茫然<wbr>不知。父亲被</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">特赦</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">出狱之后,他才慢慢知道父亲的身世。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;">文强是中国南宋时民族英雄文天祥的第23代孙</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">,出生于湖南长沙一<wbr>个四世同堂、富甲一方的书香官宦之家,他父亲早年到日本帝国大学<wbr>攻读法科,参加同盟会,与孙中山、黄兴相熟,后来还担任过蔡锷的<wbr>秘书长。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文强与毛泽东家的几个兄弟都认识,毛泽东的弟弟毛泽覃告诉他说,<wbr>他们的母亲文七妹是文强的姑母,算下来文强是毛家兄弟的表弟呢。<wbr>不过,文强虽然改口叫</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">毛大哥</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">,却一直跟毛泽东合不来,用他在<wbr>口述自传里的话说,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">跟他抬杠子</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">一直跟他抬到底</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">,还</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">看不<wbr>起他</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文贯中多少年都不知道自己家与毛泽东这层亲戚关系,在父亲获释之<wbr>前没有任何人对他说过</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 10pt;">。</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">他对笔者说,亲戚关系</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">不像听上去那么近<wbr>,毛泽东的母亲并不是我父亲的亲姑妈,但同一家族,出嫁前彼此住<wbr>得不远</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 10pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 10pt;">。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文强的青春年月,正是中国各种思潮涌动、民气昂扬、热血贲张的年<wbr>代。他接触了革命思想,由中共早期领袖夏曦介绍加入了列宁主义青<wbr>年团,并推荐他去报考黄埔军校。文强带上了本来没在名单上、但一<wbr>再要求跟著去的毛泽覃。1925年,文强以第三名的成绩,考入黄<wbr>埔第四期,而毛泽覃没能被录取,留在了他哥哥主持的农民运动讲习<wbr>所。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">开学宣誓的那一天,文强这些团员被集中起来,由周恩来领著宣誓,<wbr>宣布</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">从团员升为中共党员</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">。在黄埔军校,18岁的文强与林彪、<wbr>周恩寿(周恩来的弟弟)等新生编在一个班,他担任班长。他和林彪<wbr>都住下铺,有一次练打靶后,林彪没按规定将枪上交,也没验枪,文<wbr>强看见林彪翻来滚去睡不著,又摸枕头底下。半夜听见</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">啪</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">地一声<wbr>枪响,林彪走火了,将上铺的枕头射了一个洞!幸亏睡上铺的士兵当<wbr>时去喝水去了,没闯大祸。闻讯赶来的执行官气得关林彪禁闭,林彪<wbr>却怪班长文强在执行官查问时</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">落井下石</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">,骂文强是</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">湖南骡子</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><wbr>,文强也火了,说:</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">你要是跟我打架呢,我估计你三个打不了我,<wbr>来打吧!</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">林彪果然一巴掌打上来,文强</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">火也出来了</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">,还手反击<wbr>……文强后来回忆时说,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">那时我们都只有十几岁嘛</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">不到三个月,新生举行甄别考试,通过的升为军官生,文强和周恩寿<wbr>分到政治科,林彪分到了步科。两人在国共内战中兵戎相见,而到了<wbr>文强被</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">特赦</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">时,他的这位当年同学已经</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">折戟沉沙</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">──这是后<wbr>话了。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文强因为原来在湖南艺专学过速记,整理演讲稿又快又好,被周恩来<wbr>介绍给邵力子,邵写了个条子,介绍他加入了国民党。不过,192<wbr>6年</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">中山舰事件</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">后,蒋介石推动</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">整理党务案</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">,不许跨党,文<wbr>强就退出国民党,亮出了共产党员的身份。</span></p><div> </div><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><strong><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: #800000; font-weight: bold; font-size: 12pt;">脱党</span></strong><strong></strong></p><div> </div><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">上个世纪二十年代中期中国的主旋律是铁血拼杀。各种政治势力合纵<wbr>连横,枪杆子里面出政权,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">城头变幻大王旗</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">(鲁迅诗句)。毛头<wbr>小伙子文强跟著比他大不了几岁的领导人们,东攻西讨,南征北伐。<wbr>他提前从黄埔军校毕业,在国民革命军总政治部宣传大队随北伐军一<wbr>路打到汉口,又跟随朱德到四川去打开局面;他亲历了周恩来、<wbr>贺龙等领导的南昌起义,担任连长,转战到福建汀州,又来到潮汕,<wbr>人越打越少,走投无路,只好解散,他流落到香港。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">二十岁刚出头的文强不死心,又去四川,通过黄埔同学、中共地下川<wbr>西特委成员廖宗泽接上了组织关系,参加领导地下活动和城市暴动。<wbr>三十年代初,他当了四川省委常委,川东特委书记,他在口述自传中<wbr>不无自豪地说:</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">那时毛泽东的苏区只有12个县,我负责23个县<wbr>,是最大的一块根据地。</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">他这段时间比</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">毛大哥</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">强。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文强这时认识了第一个妻子周敦婉,她是燕京大学毕业生,当时在四<wbr>川江津中学担任校长,由共产党早期领袖萧楚女和恽代英介绍加入中<wbr>共,担任了四川第一个女县委书记,第一个女省委委员,妇女部长。<wbr>文强与她结婚十年,生了两个儿子,1941年她患子宫瘤正开刀遇<wbr>到日军空袭,医生慌慌张张把手术刀落在周敦婉肚子里就缝合,她就<wbr>这样死了。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">在文强认识周敦婉那段岁月,中共推行</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">立三路线</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">,只要党组织还<wbr>有几个人就得举行暴动。那段时期巴蜀很多暴动,便是由文强主持和<wbr>参与策划的。文贯中说:</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">在巴山蜀水大小城市和乡镇乃至深山老林<wbr>,想必到处留下父亲的足迹。</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">不断暴动的结果,是不断的无谓牺牲<wbr>,一无成效。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">1930年,文强被地方军阀刘湘的军队抓住,关押了一段时间。他<wbr>软硬不吃,在组织上营救和朋友们帮助下,终于利用机会侥幸逃了出<wbr>来。没想到,逃回到自己阵营却比落到敌人手里更诡谲凶险。当他回<wbr>到重庆,除了妻子兼同志的周敦婉感到十分庆幸,党内别人对他死里<wbr>逃生竟没有半点庆贺,多冷冷地看他。当时有人暗示:为什么别人被<wbr>抓、被杀,他这个来历不明的外省人倒能逃出虎口安然无恙?<wbr>文强在口述自传中回忆:四川省委书记罗世文对他拍桌子:</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">我是代<wbr>表省委向你宣布铁的纪律,要执行铁的纪律。</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">还说:</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">你是代表大<wbr>资产阶级的,……不是工农兵出身的</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 10pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 10pt;">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 10pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">要清洗</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">!</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">这让文强心凉了半截。他早就发现很多党内的同志被自己人活埋、或<wbr>扔到江里活活淹死,不知道发生了什么事情,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">现在我知道了。</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">他<wbr>对妻子说:</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">再过几天哪,恐怕就把我变成鬼了,把你也变成鬼了!</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><wbr>”</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">夫妻俩赶紧筹谋路费,离开四川,到上海想找周恩来、党中央申诉,<wbr>但没有找到,便回到老家湖南。从此,文强就和共产党脱离了关系,<wbr>这一年,他24岁。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文强的父亲早期十分赞同中国应该实行变革和现代化的理念,但他对<wbr>辛亥革命后中国的现状渐生失望。满清灭亡后成立的民国很快沦为军<wbr>阀火拼的混乱局面,北伐后出现的一丝光明迅速为国共分裂、日本入<wbr>侵满洲的严峻局面所替代。文贯中指出:共产党内在</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">立三路线</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">之<wbr>前已经出现极端思潮,例如,北伐时在湖南省实行</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">红色恐怖</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">,斗<wbr>地主,抄大户,游街等。祖父认为父亲没有找到救国真谛,命令他在<wbr>家重温四书五经,不要再外出闯荡。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文强脱离中共的直接原因,是因为党内同志对他安全逃出表示怀疑,<wbr>但更深层的原因,是文强经过七、八年的实践,对中共越来越激进(<wbr>用中共政治术语来说,就是</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">左</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">)的路线失望了,对党内斗争采取</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><wbr>“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">残酷斗争,无情打击</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">的做法心寒了。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">不过,文强毕竟血气方刚,并不甘心终老于书斋。本来他从四川跑回<wbr>家乡,要隐姓埋名──他连名字都改了──然而锥处囊中,还是会露<wbr>锋芒。面对日本侵占东北、觊觎华北,他忧国忧民的情绪又爆发出来<wbr>,化名在长沙办报写稿,又接手办了一个</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">少年通讯社</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">,宣扬抗日<wbr>。文强抨击政府抗日不力的文章笔锋犀利,与官府的麻烦不断,如此</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><wbr>“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">自我暴露</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">,也引起低两期的黄埔军校同学、<wbr>蒋介石心腹戴笠的注意。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">戴笠约见文强,听他讲了在共产党内的斗争经历,对他说:</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">你过去<wbr>的路,我看是走错了……现在我们的校长(蒋介石)要复兴民族</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">,<wbr>他以黄埔同学的名义,要文强恢复对校长蒋介石的信仰,以国难当前<wbr>,唯有实行</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">一个领袖,一个政党,一个主义</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">才能避免亡国的的理<wbr>由,说服了文强前去杭州警官学校,又去南京中央警官学校,担任中<wbr>校政训员,后担任参谋本部上校参谋。文强重新加入国民党,后来也<wbr>加入了军统,负责对日情报。</span></p><div> </div><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><strong><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: #800000; font-weight: bold; font-size: 12pt;">转战</span></strong><strong></strong></p><div> </div><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文强在上个世纪三十年代的经历十分复杂、曲折,这篇文章是难以容<wbr>纳的。有兴趣的读者可以读《文强口述自传》(不过,照笔者看来,<wbr>该书尽管有二十多万字,但与他的漫长岁月的丰富阅历相比,也仍然<wbr>只算粗线条</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 10pt;">)。</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">笔者关注的是这样一个问题:文强转而为国民党军统<wbr>效力,这是一个重大的人生选择关头,他是怎么想的?</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文贯中回答,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">当时民族危亡是中国最紧迫的问题,军统这种机构,<wbr>不能否认它后来有对付共产党和对付老百姓的功能,但是建立之初,<wbr>军统是出于抗战需要,它的主要使命是对付日本人和汉奸。</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">从文强<wbr>当时承担的任务看,除了培训,主要就是在上海搜集各种情报,上海<wbr>那时战火正急,他</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">每天跑各个高级司令部搜集战况,回来整理,送<wbr>到南京</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">;他还受命花大工夫调查上海沿海地形,以作防卫参考。上<wbr>海沦陷之后,他也一直从事地下情报工作,搜集到的情报包括珍珠港<wbr>事件。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文强这段时间不是没有接触过中共的人。在上海马路上,他邂逅了黄<wbr>埔四期同学、新四军政治部主任袁国平。袁问他:</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">你怎么还不归队<wbr>呀?</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">并告诉他,周恩来在找他,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">在延安给你平反了</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">但是这个时候的文强,头脑中要多绕一下弯了</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 10pt;">。</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">他问:现在延安是谁<wbr>主事?袁国平回答:</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">是毛泽东负责</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 10pt;">。</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 10pt;">”</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文强说:</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">他是多变的人,恐怕三个月以后他又会变的。</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">袁国平说:</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">你好像对毛泽东没有信任呀?</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文强直言不讳:</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">向来没有信任。</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文贯中对笔者说:</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">我觉得父亲当时脑子比较清楚,知道在国共合作<wbr>期间见到这些中共党员老朋友,没什么问题,但是今后怎么样,就不<wbr>知道了。我父亲知道毛泽东一直有过激思想,《湖南农民运动考察报<wbr>告》不就是毛亲手写的?毛在湖南、在广州、在井冈山所做的那些事<wbr>,他也知道一些,他那时还在共产党里面嘛。比如毛一手策划的</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">‘</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">反<wbr>AB团</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">,完全是无中生有的冤案,不知道杀了多少自己的同志!</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文贯中进一步说,那时文强也通过比较,看明了共产党的本性,共产<wbr>党党内斗争的残酷性远远超过国民党。国民党戴笠找他,听他一讲情<wbr>况,很容易就相信他、委任他了,他在国民党中上升得很快,他在共<wbr>产党任职的</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">历史问题</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">始终没有被当成一个问题,从来没有被国民<wbr>党</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">隔离审查</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">,要他交代干了哪些</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">反国民党罪行</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">;<wbr>他后来与共产党中很多人继续交往,也用不著去向国民党的上司作什<wbr>么</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">汇报</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">。在共产党内做得到这些吗?</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">父亲在共产党内的几年经<wbr>历足以使他明白,他若再回去,又遇上很激进的毛泽东在延安在主事<wbr>,说变就变,很可能就有杀身之祸。他没有回去是明智的。</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文强虽然不愿回共产党,但他给自己订了一个原则:与共产党为友,<wbr>不与共产党为敌,大家一起抗日。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">话虽这么说,军人以服从命令为天职,人在江湖,身不由己。文强在<wbr>军统,开始确实是针对日本开展工作,抗战进入胶着状态,他被调到<wbr>河南、山西,去监视孙殿英的部队。孙后来当了汉奸,当时名义上还<wbr>是忠于民国政府,戴笠不放心,派文强去监视。不过,抗日战争后期<wbr>他驻西安,文贯中推测说,这个时候他会不会涉及对付共产党?</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">毕<wbr>竟他了解共产党的内幕</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">。但文贯中强调说:</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">这只是我的猜测:到<wbr>目前为止,没有任何材料证明他参与了对共产党的策反或围剿。只是<wbr>蒋介石一直觉得延安是他今后的主要对手,西安是当时蒋对付共产党<wbr>的重镇。父亲驻西安,是否会卷入国共两党的恩恩怨怨里面去?</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span></p><div> </div><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><strong><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: #800000; font-weight: bold; font-size: 12pt;">战犯</span></strong><strong></strong></p><div> </div><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">抗战刚胜利,文强奉调去沈阳担任军统东北办事处处长,与当时在东<wbr>北的杜聿明打交道越来越多,杜很欣赏他,认为文强冷静,有能力。<wbr>不久后,军统头子戴笠飞机失事去世,军统内郑介民、毛人凤、唐纵<wbr>等几名大将火拼起来,都要抢这个位置,夹在当中的文强左右为难。<wbr>文贯中说,我父亲是不主动要官,也不贪财、<wbr>将钱财看作过眼烟云的人,看到争权夺利,便觉得没意思;<wbr>而且原来参加军统毕竟是为抗战,现在军统内部内斗不已,<wbr>与自己的理想越来越远。于是文强就找了托词脱离军统,南下投奔湖<wbr>南老前辈程潜,在他的绥靖公署当办公厅主任。但很快,杜聿明写信<wbr>来邀他,又给蒋介石写报告,一定要调他去当徐州前线总指挥部副总<wbr>参谋长。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文强重新成为一个纯粹的军人的时机,却是最不凑巧的──国民党政<wbr>治上、军事上连连失利,直至不可收拾。文强在抗战胜利前续弦,遵<wbr>从亡妻之嘱娶了一位有传奇色彩的宁波姑娘葛世明,又生了三个儿子<wbr>,都还年幼,他就上了淮海战役前线。这一仗打得天昏地暗,尸横盈<wbr>野,国民党一败涂地,主要指挥官阵亡的阵亡,被俘的被俘。文强和<wbr>几个手下人被几十个十五六岁的年轻战士(他称之为</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">解放军小孩</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><wbr>)包围缴了械。文强身上还有一支三号左轮手枪,他想</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">一枪把自己<wbr>打掉就算了</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">,却被卫士抢了过去。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">在俘虏营,文强自称</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">上尉书记官李明</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">,却因为一个同样被俘的炮<wbr>兵少将摘下呢子绑腿给他缠上,又有一个被俘的团长给他递筷子,被<wbr>解放军看出了破绽,很快查清了他是个中将。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文强先是在山东关了几个地方,后来被周恩来派人押到北京,关在德<wbr>胜门功德林模范监狱,编号72号。很长时间他想不通,他的上司杜<wbr>聿明被定成</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">乙级战犯</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">,他反被定成</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">甲级战犯</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">!</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">想不通也没有办法,在这里关了十多年,1958年,他被转到秦城<wbr>监狱。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">关于</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">战犯</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">被改造的生涯,包括文强在内很多人写过很多大同小异<wbr>的文字</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 10pt;">。</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文强在其口述自传中,却一掠而过:上一章末尾写进功德林<wbr>监狱的情况,下一章开头就是</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">1975年3月19日,我被特赦了</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 10pt;"><wbr>”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 10pt;">。</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">近27年春秋成了空白</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 10pt;">。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">在这段岁月,文贯中对父亲的印象也近乎空白。他对笔者说,我父亲<wbr>被俘之后,偶尔通信,我们家属从来没有到北京去看过他。中共对执<wbr>掌政权有了点信心之后,从1959年建国十周年起,每年都</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">特赦</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><wbr>”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">一批战犯,使他们燃起了一星希望。1965年,他在父子离别十<wbr>七年之后,与父亲有了唯一一次见面。</span></p><div> </div><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><strong><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: #800000; font-weight: bold; font-size: 12pt;">父子</span></strong><strong></strong></p><div> </div><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">1965年,文贯中在父子离别十七年之后,与父亲文强第一次见面<wbr></span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">。他回忆说:那是秋天,我念高中,正在上海郊区一个很偏僻的村里<wbr></span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">参加秋收。校长派了一个人上气不接下气地来找我,星夜把我叫到公<wbr></span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">社总部去见他,说你父亲一行由公安部副部长带队,到各地参观建设<wbr></span></p><div><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">成就,已经到了上海,要你去见他,现在就放你的假。</span></div><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">他还给了我几十块钱</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">——</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">当时人民币还很值钱</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">——</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">他叮嘱我说不能乱<wbr>花,要我跟我弟弟和照顾我们的阿婆各做一身新衣服。我赶回上海,<wbr>阿婆(是文贯中的保姆,后面的文章将写到这位可敬的女性)马上去<wbr>找裁缝,各人剪裁了一件上装,第三天,阿婆便带了我们怀著极其复<wbr>杂的心情就去华山饭店。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">很多战犯的亲属都来了。上午是父亲他们一个个自我介绍在秦城、抚<wbr>顺改造的情况,无非是党的政策如何好,毛泽东思想如何伟大,监狱<wbr>里待遇如何之好等等。接下来是家属代表发言。我被选为家属代表之<wbr>一,对政府表示感谢,并希望父亲早日成为新人。中午在大餐厅里吃<wbr>了一顿非常丰盛的午餐。记忆中,所有家属另开几桌,并未与战犯合<wbr>坐。下午是单独会见,让我、弟弟和阿婆三个人去我父亲住的房间。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">我问:与你心目中的父亲,有什么不同吗?</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文贯中说:父亲离家时我很小,对他没有记忆,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">父亲</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">只是一个抽<wbr>象概念。共产党年年搞运动,我母亲在我们懂事之前,已经将我父亲<wbr>的照片全都剪了</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">——</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">他与我母亲合影的照片中恐怕永远都是穿的军服<wbr>,母亲害怕若不小心被我们拿出去或者讲出去,会带来很大的麻烦。<wbr>所以我们看到的都是母亲自己一个人的留影,或是和我们孩子们的合<wbr>影,从来没有见过父亲的形象。我们目睹当时充斥报刊的有关蒋军官<wbr>兵的种种漫画,心里始终怀著一种莫名的恐惧:父亲也会这样不堪入<wbr>目吗?</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">母亲自杀之后,我们常常问阿婆,父亲到底长得怎么样?阿婆是有心<wbr>人,虽然口里说</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">我可变不出你们父亲的照片来呀</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">!但是她暗暗想<wbr>办法,在我们住的那一带物色,竟然找到一个牙科医生,年龄,外貌<wbr>和父亲十分相仿。一天,华灯初上时分,阿婆挺神秘地带著我和弟弟<wbr>去他的诊所,要我们悄悄从窗外向里张望,我们在暗处,<wbr>诊所内已开灯,从窗户外望进去,可以清楚看到在柔和的灯光下这个<wbr>牙科医生的容貌和举动,他正微笑著和病人说话。阿婆悄悄说,<wbr>你们好好记住这个人的相貌,他很像你们的父亲。我当时感到那是一<wbr>个五官端正、双目有神,身材高大的人。心想,啊,<wbr>父亲就是这样子的,感到一丝宽慰……</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">真正见到父亲时,文贯中既觉得陌生,又似曾相识。</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">那是一种很奇<wbr>怪的感觉!</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">谈话完全是公式化的,他问儿子的学习,问阿婆的身体<wbr>。文贯中记不太清会面是在怎样一个环境中进行的,但记忆中旁边好<wbr>象还有别的人。大家都心知肚明:那不是一个自由的环境。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">——</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">他问到你母亲怎么去世吗?</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">——</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">没有。他知道,一旦要问,阿婆一定会放声痛哭,就会收不了场<wbr>。我们不会问让他为难的问题,他也不会问一些明知没有结果的问题<wbr>。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">让文贯中定下心来的是,在与父亲会见之后,公安部一位副部长把他<wbr>叫到自己的套间谈话,对他说,估计你父亲很快会获得自由。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文贯中没想到:过了一年</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文革</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">就开始了,副部长说的</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">很快</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">,<wbr>竟是十年!</span></p><div> </div><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><strong><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: #800000; font-weight: bold; font-size: 12pt;">洗脑</span></strong><strong></strong></p><div> </div><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">笔者问:为什么文强会被最后一批</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">特赦</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">呢?</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文贯中说:</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">实际上,1962年、1963年,象杜聿明这样已被<wbr>特赦的父亲的朋友们,来上海参观,当局都会通知我和弟弟去他们住<wbr>的饭店和他们见面。会面时,他们总说,你们父亲下一批就会出来了<wbr>。我们盼了一年又一年。1965年见到父亲时,<wbr>公安部副部长也亲口告诉我,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">‘</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">每次报上去的特赦名单上有你父亲的<wbr>名字,但是最后的名单要由最高层决定,前几次没能通过最后一关。</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><wbr>’</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">那么,是不是毛泽东或者周恩来将我父亲卡住了?会不会他们感到<wbr>将父亲放出来对他们有所不便?他知道的事毕竟太多了!究竟是怎么<wbr>回事不得而知。据说周恩来自知得了不治之症之后,写报告给毛泽东<wbr>,说这些人都要关得老死了,都释放了吧,毛表示同意。</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">1975年3月的一天,邻居来告诉整天忙于照顾瘫痪了三年多的阿<wbr>婆的文贯中,说电台里有重要新闻。他家当时已经穷得连收音机都没<wbr>有了,他便跑到邻居家去听,果然在报</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">特赦战犯</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">名单。<wbr>当他听到父亲的名字时,兴奋极了,马上给父亲去信,<wbr>文强也马上回了信。不过,中共释放战犯后得好好宣传一番,<wbr>以利对台湾,对国内外的统战,文强有一个月忙得不可开交。5月份<wbr>他才来到上海,见到了阿婆和儿子们。<wbr>文强被分配到全国政协当文史专员,月薪二百</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">——</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">在那个年代算是高<wbr>薪了</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">——</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">后来又当上了政协委员。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">在监狱里,文强接触到的都是中共的正面宣传,让他们参观的都是诸<wbr>如南京长江大桥,上海万吨水压机之类的</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">新中国建设成就</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">,以证<wbr>明</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">国民党做不到的,共产党做到了</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">。就是</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文革</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">年月,中共对<wbr>战犯灌输的仍是</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">形势大好,不是小好,越来越好</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">。不过,他们这<wbr>些战犯被集中到大房间,腾出原来的单间来关押新揪出来的共产党内<wbr>的</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">叛徒</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">特务</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">走资派</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文强后来对儿子们讲述说:因为仅仅一墙之隔,晚上传来的拷打声、<wbr>喝斥声,受审者的嚎叫声,以及高喊</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">毛主席万岁</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">、</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">共产党万岁</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><wbr>”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">和</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">我是革命的</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">这样的表白声,不绝于耳,非常恐怖。其他战犯<wbr>诧异共产党怎么打自己的人这么狠!</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">——</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文强却一点儿也不惊讶,他<wbr>跟他们不一样,他在几十年前当中共党员时,早就经历过类似的残酷<wbr>内斗。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">尽管如此,被共产党洗脑27年的文强释放之初,与受尽千辛万苦的<wbr>儿子常常谈不到一起去。他目睹毛再次批邓、周恩来去世,天安门悼<wbr>念,简直摸不着头脑。文贯中对他讲农村的现状、自己的经历,<wbr>他往往要阻止,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">不相信我说的,认为我过激</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">。但他与过去的同袍<wbr>杜聿明、宋希濂等相聚,渐渐了解到,他们虽比他早十多年获释,<wbr>却比他惨得多,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文革</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">中多被整得家破人亡,<wbr>幸存者也有一箩筐血泪故事。文强对自己最后一批被</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">特赦</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">本来十<wbr>分不满呢,没有想到,监狱竟相当于</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">世外桃源</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">不知有汉,<wbr>无论魏晋</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文强猛一下接触到真实的现实,困惑万分,但他毕竟是聪明人,对毛<wbr>有戒心,不难意识到</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">毛大哥</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">又对中国造成什么样的浩劫。渐渐地<wbr>,他在谈话时越来越少阻止文贯中对社会现状的议论了,虽然也不表<wbr>态支持儿子一些比较激烈的看法。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">上天赐予文强长寿,使他在出狱之后还享有了26年时光,赶上了改<wbr>革开放。1985年,文贯中在芝加哥大学攻读博士学位时,文强到<wbr>美国参观、访问,印象特别好,回去之后到处做报告,大讲什么是现<wbr>代化国家,中国以后应该以谁为榜样</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">——</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">榜样就应该是美国!<wbr>他越来越认同邓小平的改革开放路线,认为虽然中国面临的各种问题<wbr>堆积如山,但邓小平总算为中国找到了一条自强的道路,循序渐进,<wbr>坚持政治和经济的各项改革,迟早会像美国那样富强。文强对邓小平<wbr>非常景仰,在美国的公开场合大讲特讲自己有生之年要是能写本《<wbr>邓小平主义》,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">是最愉快的事情了</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">没想到</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">——</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">在文强漫长的一生中,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">没想到</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">的事儿实在是不少</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">——</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><wbr>来了个</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">六四</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文贯中说得很中肯:父亲追求一辈子的理想无非是祖国的强盛和老百<wbr>姓的安居乐业,到晚年还是将问题看得简单化了,认为中国就应该发<wbr>展经济,经济发展了,别的就水到渠成。</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">六四</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">给了他极大冲击,<wbr>使他明白,中国的事情没有那么容易!文强当时住在北京永定门,<wbr>到政协去学习,开会,必须穿过天安门和长安街。<wbr>在美国的文贯中时时打电话给他,担心他的安全,<wbr>他说自己没有什么不安全,却为国家忧心忡忡。文强平生看过的学潮<wbr>多了,可这次规模之大是他前所未见的;善于驾驭学潮的共产党,<wbr>对六四的血腥反应也是出乎他的意料之外的。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文强的《邓小平主义》没有写出来。或许,以他这么丰富的阅历,此<wbr>时也看不懂究竟何为</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">邓小平主义</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">了吧?或者对邓小平主义究竟能<wbr>不能解决中国的一切问题也发生疑问了吧?</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><strong><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: #800000; font-weight: bold; font-size: 12pt;">故人</span></strong><strong></strong></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">笔者问:你父亲跟你谈起过对毛、周的印象吗?</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文贯中回忆,父子谈起1949年之后毛泽东对国家、对他的党、对<wbr>自己战友所做的事时,他亲耳听晚年的父亲说过:</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">毛泽东在政治上<wbr>是一个流氓。</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文贯中解释,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">他下这个结论,意思是说,毛泽东宁<wbr>使他负天下人,不愿天下人负他。只要对自己的专权有利,无论什么<wbr>手段都可以使出来,对自己出生入死的战友也可以翻脸不认人,而且<wbr>可以编出冠冕堂皇的理由欺骗天下</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文贯中还说,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">我父亲不是耿耿于怀的人,平时讲话比较平和。就是<wbr>讲毛泽东的为人,也是很客观地说,并不满怀仇恨。毛泽东的后人愿<wbr>与我父亲交往,我父亲对他们也非常友好,比如,毛泽东的女儿李讷<wbr>好几次与我父亲一起吃饭,我在国内时也参加过一两次。</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">关于文强与周恩来的交往,文贯中说:</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">父亲告诉我,在周恩来去世<wbr>前派人派车以神秘的方式接父亲到医院去看他。据父亲事后讲,周恩<wbr>来特别对他说,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">‘</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">人在屋檐下,不能不低头啊!</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">’”</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">人在屋檐下,不能不低头</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">?周恩来这是什么意思呢?</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文贯中说,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">我觉得这是对我父亲的规劝,当然也反映周自己的心态<wbr>。父亲与周恩来的交往,主要是黄埔军校期间,再就是南昌起义及其<wbr>后一段时期。李立三、王明路线时,我父亲从四川逃到上海去,<wbr>想找周恩来证明他对共产党的忠诚。后来国共合作时,<wbr>共产党人袁国平等都说,周恩来在延安给你平反了。在</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">‘</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文革</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">这样<wbr>异常诡谲的政治气候下,当年亲手帮助平反的这位国民党军统高层军<wbr>官、</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">‘</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">甲级战犯</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">,这件事会不会成了周恩来的一个心病?</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">虽然文强亲口对文贯中提过此事,但文强去世后,文贯中翻阅父亲日<wbr>记,却找不到任何记载。当然,周有可能要文强对会面一事保密。文<wbr>贯中跟《晚年周恩来》的作者高文谦谈起此事,根据高文谦的分析,<wbr>周专门接见文强的可能性是有的。周为人处世思虑极为周密。当时</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><wbr>四人帮</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">对他发动新一轮攻击,罪名无非就是</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">自首</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">叛徒</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><wbr>“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">跟国民党勾结</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">。现在,文强获特赦,弄不好本身就可能成为</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">四<wbr>人帮</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">的活靶子,并成为</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">四人帮</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">攻击周的活材料,<wbr>周极有可能先作文强的工作。文贯中说:大约八十年代初,<wbr>邓颖超跟父亲有一次单独会面,这是许多人知道的。<wbr>可是他们谈了些什么,却不得而知,父亲的日记里也找不到记载。</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><wbr>非常有可能,我父亲将一些事情永远带走了。</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">关于文强与周恩来,还有这么一段公案。赵浩生在其回忆录里说周恩<wbr>来去世后他去北京,采访到杜聿明和文强,他问文强</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">双十协定</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">签<wbr>订后是否参与</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">密谋刺杀周恩来</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">,文强立即放声痛哭,承认有这回<wbr>事,结果误杀了李少石云云。文贯中对此给予强烈否定说:</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">我大哥<wbr>还保留我父亲的日记,日记中提到那天会见了赵,<wbr>但根本没提到谋害周恩来。我又去问1979年后与我父亲一起生活<wbr>的弟弟。他说,日常谈话中提到过类似话题,但父亲坚决否认,<wbr>也从来没有见到其他材料。大陆著名党史专家何蜀曾写专文考证,<wbr>对赵浩生的说法斥为</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">‘</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">无稽之谈</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">。何蜀提出几点理由:<wbr>周恩来在长达八年的抗战期间,先在南京,后驻重庆,<wbr>整天生活于军政人员之中,真要谋害他不是很容易吗?还要等到</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">‘</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">双<wbr>十协定</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">之后?文强在军统内分工一直搞情报和策反,与行动无关,<wbr>不可能参与谋害周的策划和行动;文强与周恩来有师生之谊,<wbr>按其性格,就是有人提出要他参与他也会拒绝;<wbr>何况当时他根本不在重庆。李少石事件后来公认的说法是,<wbr>司机驾车不慎,发生车祸后引起误杀,并非阴谋,<wbr>与谋害周完全扯不上关系。我不懂赵浩生为什么要这样写?</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><strong><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: #800000; font-weight: bold; font-size: 12pt;">自传</span></strong><strong></strong></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">2001年10月22日,文强以94岁高龄去世。文贯中说:</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">近<wbr>400人或对他高尚人格的爱戴,或为他传奇而跌宕的一生所吸引,<wbr>或对他生命力和才华的仰慕,或为他至死不渝的爱国情操所感动,前<wbr>往八宝山参加了他的告别仪式。我在中国驻纽约总领馆和全国政协的<wbr>协助下,也匆匆从美国赶回作最后的告别。</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文强的高龄让他幸运地赶上了中国史学界</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">口述自传</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">这班车。林彪<wbr>的女儿林豆豆在社科院近代史研究所工作,她正在发起</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">口述自传丛<wbr>书</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">,将父亲的老对头文强列入项目,可惜文强没有口述完就去世了<wbr>,《文强口述自传》(采写者刘延民)由中国社会科学出版社200<wbr>3年1月出版。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">笔者在读这本书时,一方面感到参与者为抢救珍贵史料做了一项重要<wbr>工作,另一方面也为该书的不少错误而遗憾:人名、地名、职务、年<wbr>代……要查核一下其实只是举手之劳啊。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文贯中解释说:父亲对人口述,由别人记录整理,比他自己写负担要<wbr>轻得多。但是他虽然少小离家,却乡音未改,整理的人多是北京人,<wbr>听不太懂他的湖南口音,记录下来有很多错误。学者何蜀写了一篇文<wbr>章作了很多认真订证。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">何蜀这篇文章笔者也查过,说该书</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">程国绪</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">应为</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">陈恭澍</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">张<wbr>云毅</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">应为</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">张云逸</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">;书中说</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“‘</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">西安事变</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">后不久,日本发生了</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><wbr>‘</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">二二六</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">事变</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">,实际上后者在前;书中写文强1925年从上海<wbr>乘海轮赴广州投考黄埔途中,在船上意外碰到毛泽东,是根本不可能<wbr>的……</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文贯中介绍说,他读过父亲生前最后整理过的一本回忆录,有一定价<wbr>值,但在国内尚没有出版。父亲生前与全国政协交涉过几次,政协一<wbr>定要他将在监狱里面27年的情况补充进去,但父亲不愿意再提这段<wbr>经历,</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">无论是什么罪,总有刑期。不明不白被关了那么长时间,他<wbr>认为是不公正的。要将他认为不公正的东西正面去写,他并不情愿</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><wbr>;当时文强年龄也大了,身体也不行了,就耽搁下来。现在他已去世<wbr>,就更没法补进去了。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><strong><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: #800000; font-weight: bold; font-size: 12pt;">汗青</span></strong><strong></strong></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">笔者问:你对你父亲一生有何评价?</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文贯中沉吟一下说:</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">他是个血气方刚、以救国救民为己任的人,对<wbr>社会对人民十分真诚的人。这样的人,年轻时很容易成为狂热的社会<wbr>主义者,甚至共产主义者。记得英国哲学家罗素说过,一个人如果3<wbr>0岁之前不是个社会主义者,他一定是个冷血动物;但是,如果30<wbr>岁之后还是个社会主义者,他就是个白痴了。这话用在我父亲头上也<wbr>是比较贴切的。</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文贯中接著说:</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">他最初的立场基于民族主义。他成长的年代,中国<wbr>面对列强种种欺负,无力应对。一代精英考虑的,就是如何找出一条<wbr>新路,使中国尽快摆脱百年积弱,自立自强于世界民族之林。我父亲<wbr>那代人为了拯救中国,当时愿意实验社会主义乃至共产主义的道路,<wbr>因为苏联体制种种恶弊尚未公之于世,人们只看到它表面上的蒸蒸日<wbr>上。我父亲其实30岁之前已经成熟起来,体会到消灭一切私有财产<wbr>,提倡阶级斗争的共产主义这种极端主张的危害和虚无缥缈,<wbr>回到执行中庸之道的国民党一边。目前中国所走的路线,<wbr>不也是放弃阶级斗争,提倡社会各阶层和衷共济,与各国友好相处,<wbr>同意保护私有财产,集中精力发展经济的路线么?<wbr>这其实和国民党当年路线分别不大了。可是,<wbr>这套做法还是有严重局限。我到美国来后,十分关心美国的治国之道<wbr>,发现当年国共两党</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">‘</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">共产主义救中国</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">还是</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">‘</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">三民主义救中国</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">’</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">的<wbr>意识形态之争,今天来看已完全落伍。中国还是应提倡民主、自由、<wbr>平等、博爱,和依法治国的理念,在进行市场导向的经济改革的同时<wbr>,不失时机地推行宪政,中国才能真正获得长治久安,在世界上获得<wbr>普遍尊重和爱戴,进入更高境界。我的看法跟晚年的父亲谈过好几次<wbr>,他表示出越来越大的兴趣,要我好好研究美国治国方略,<wbr>真正弄懂。不管怎样,父亲一生不惜抛弃舒适生活,出生入死,<wbr>上下求索,历经种种曲折和苦难。他走的弯路,<wbr>很多时候也是这个苦难深重的民族所走的弯路。他漫长而曲折的一生<wbr>,其实反映了中国在刚过去的整个世纪中寻找对付内忧外患,<wbr>自强自立的艰难求索的过程。</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文强很以自己是文天祥的后代而自豪,他说:</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">我家不分男女老幼,<wbr>都必须能背诵《正气歌》,以背得滚瓜烂熟为荣,这是我家的传统家<wbr>风。</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">文贯中告诉笔者:父亲获释前从来没有人告诉他先祖是文天祥<wbr>,文天祥那首《正气歌》却很小就会读会背:</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">天地有正气,杂然赋<wbr>流形。下则为河岳,上则为日星。于人曰浩然,沛乎塞苍冥……</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">不过,笔者回想文强的经历与中国的变迁,涌上心头的却是文天祥另<wbr>一首同样脍炙人口的诗《过零丁洋》:</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: #d05c12;">辛苦遭逢起一经,干戈寥落四周星。</span></span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: #d05c12;">山河破碎风飘絮,身世浮沉雨打萍。</span></span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: #d05c12;">惶恐滩头说惶恐,零丁洋里叹零丁。</span></span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: #d05c12;">人生自古谁无死,留取丹心照汗青</span>。</span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> </p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">(写于2004年)</span></p><div> </div><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><em><strong><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: #0000ff; font-weight: bold; font-size: 12pt;">附录:文强年表</span></strong><strong></strong></em></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><em> </em></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><em>1907年9月19日(农历)出生于湖南长沙县。</em></span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><em>1925年6月在长沙艺群美术专科学校加入中国共产主义青年团,<wbr>参加了中国共产党领导的长沙学生运动。</em></span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><em>1925年8月考入黄埔军校第四期政治科。</em></span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><em>1926年1月加入中国共产党,同时加入国民党。</em></span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><em>1926年3月脱离国民党,公开共产党员身份。7月跟随朱德入川<wbr>,在北伐国民革命军总政治部宣传大队工作。</em></span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><em>1927年参加八一南昌起义,任贺龙领导的二十军第三师党委成员<wbr>、少校连长。</em></span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><em>1928─1931年任中共四川江巴兵委书记、中共四川省委常委<wbr>兼军委代理书记、川东特委书记。</em></span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><em>1931年8月脱离共产党。</em></span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><em>1931年底至1935年回长沙从事新闻工作,任少年通讯社社长<wbr>。</em></span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><em>1936年加入国民党,任浙江中央警官学校情报参谋训练班中校政<wbr>训员、参谋本部谍报参谋训练班政治指导员、参谋本部的上校参谋。</em></span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><em>1937年任特务处驻上海办事处上校处长兼苏浙行动委员会人事科<wbr>科长。</em></span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><em>1937年11月任国民党军队前方办事处主任、国民政府军事委员<wbr>会教导总团政训处处长。</em></span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><em>1940年任国民政府军事委员会上海统一委员会策反委员会主任委<wbr>员,代表军统局驻上海,负责对东南五省日汪政权策反。</em></span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><em>1941─1944年任驻上海忠义救国军上海办事处处长,忠义救<wbr>国军少将政治部主任。1942年春到重庆,被任命为国民政府军事<wbr>委员会高级参谋。后被派往华北,任军统局华北办事处主任,并兼任<wbr>冀察战区挺进第八纵队司令和第一战区调查统计室主任。</em></span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><em>1944年春任中美合作所第三特种技术训练班副主任,主持实际工<wbr>作,1945年春任军统局北方区区长,兼任第一战区司令长官部肃<wbr>奸委员会主任委员。</em></span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><em>1945年12月任军统局东北办事处处长,兼任东北行营督察处处<wbr>长、东北肃奸委员会主任委员、东北保安司令长官部督察处处长等职<wbr>。1946年,晋升中将。</em></span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><em><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">1948年夏被程潜任命为长沙绥靖公署办公室中将主任兼第一处处<wbr>长。9月,任徐州</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">剿总</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;">前线指挥部中将副参谋长、代参谋长,1<wbr>1月,参加淮海战役。</span></em></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><em>1949年1月被解放军俘获。</em></span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><em>1975年3月获特赦,任全国政协文史资料研究委员会文史专员。</em></span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><em>1981年加入中国国民党革命委员会,任中央委员会顾问、中央监<wbr>察委员会委员。</em></span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><em>1986年起任第六届、第七届全国政协委员。</em></span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><em>1988年任北京市黄埔军校同学会副会长。1989年任黄埔军校<wbr>同学会理事。</em></span></p><p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 12pt;"><em>2001年10月22日在北京去世。</em></span></p><div></div>