把人留住,把钱留住,别的然后再说

<br /><div><div style="display: inline-block;"><p style="color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><img data-ratio="0.5738461538461539" data-type="jpeg" data-backh="320" data-backw="558" data-copyright="0" data-s="300,640" data-w="650" data-src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/7btPNrrFFFM1IdQwBc2HsbeSODotzYF3TmdfAicDgEPUKy6avN0f8KG3gCI25BcrFpktJ1JkQ2LibHoVeZb2aJcg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" _width="100%" src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/7btPNrrFFFM1IdQwBc2HsbeSODotzYF3TmdfAicDgEPUKy6avN0f8KG3gCI25BcrFpktJ1JkQ2LibHoVeZb2aJcg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; width: 670px; height: auto !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important;" alt="" /></p><p style="color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">看到一篇文章:《精英们为何一心要移民离去》。文章中的有些内容也许有不妥之处(哪篇文章没有不妥之处?),但所提出的问题,还是令我想了很长时间。</span><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">文章开头就说:许多国家的驻华使馆门口,中国的财富精英和知识精英排长队等待签证。其实,了解实际情况的人们都知道,无论是海外投资海外置业,还是留学或人才移民,都成为这几年人们经常议论的一个话题,甚至与之相关的咨询产业都达到了相当的规模。</span></p><p style="color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">现在的问题是,</span><span style="line-height: 25.6px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">不仅仅是精英群体在离开,这种趋势也逐步延伸到中产阶层甚至经济条件尚可的普通民众。虽然由于相关政策的收紧,人们在这方面的行动在放缓,但人们在私下里的议论和探索,却一点也没有减少。</span></p><p style="color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="line-height: 25.6px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></span></p><p style="color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="line-height: 25.6px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">对此,总有一些人用一种也不知道是哪里来的自负和傲慢漠视这一切:你们走吧,中国这么大,别的东西缺,两条腿的人还缺吗?你们那点钱,和我们强大的国力比,算得了什么?</span><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="line-height: 25.6px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></span></p><p style="color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="line-height: 25.6px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">但是,自负和傲慢解决不了任何问题。应当说,资金和人才的外流,对于正在处于发展关键期的中国来说,不是一件好事情。一个国家的财富大量流出意味着什么?一个国家的人才大量流出意味着什么?这是我们不得不警觉和认真思考的问题。</span><span style="line-height: 25.6px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></span></p><p style="color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="line-height: 25.6px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></span></p><p style="color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="line-height: 25.6px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">中国是人口众多,但人的素质是不一样的。特别是在中国经济发展的人口红利已经基本用完,粗放的发展已经告一段落,未来的发展要取决于技术创新的情况下,人才就显得更为宝贵。去年我曾经参加过北大一个班毕业若干年的同学聚会,当时来了有20多人。大家一碰,居然没有一个人的下一代在国内。这还不发人深省吗?</span></p><p style="color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="line-height: 25.6px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></span></p><p style="color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="line-height: 25.6px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">当然有人会说,其中相当一部分还会回来。甚至有人会说,你看不到最近几年海归已经成为潮流吗?不错,这些年回来的人是不少,以至于出现海归就业难的问题。但是要看到,还有许多更优秀的人才留在了国外。换言之,出国再回归,实际上是经历了一个过滤和筛选的过程。虽然在这个过程中,也有一些很优秀的人才回来了,但也不能不承认也有相当一部分非常优秀的人才可能永久地留在了海外。</span></p><p style="color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">至于资金的外流,影响就更是显而易见。请注意的是,我这里使用的是资金外流,而不是资本外流。资本外流意味着海外投资,当然这些年以海外投资的名义实现的财富转移也不在少数,但至少在理论上,海外投资是市场经济中一种正当行为。而广义的资金外流则不同,这里包括了许多小门小户人家的纯粹的财富转移。这无论在短期意义上对外汇储备的影响,还是还是在长期意义上对国内资本形成的影响,其作用都是不可低估的。</span></p><p style="color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">现在很多人都在讨论愿景,在讨论目标,在讨论战略,但我的看法,先想办法把资金留住,把人才留住。这些留不住,很多的事情都是空谈,其他的问题都可以慢慢讨论。</span></p><p style="color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><img data-ratio="0.6525612472160356" data-type="jpeg" data-backh="293" data-backw="449" data-copyright="0" data-s="300,640" data-w="449" data-src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/7btPNrrFFFM1IdQwBc2HsbeSODotzYF3lJvVRr1ibbj0jJoJvgOiaMmZsrUKygs8vlcoZqVMdCt2xvW3KJE785Lg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" _width="100%" src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/7btPNrrFFFM1IdQwBc2HsbeSODotzYF3lJvVRr1ibbj0jJoJvgOiaMmZsrUKygs8vlcoZqVMdCt2xvW3KJE785Lg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; width: 670px; height: auto !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important;" alt="" /></p><p style="color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">怎么才能把资金留住,把人才留住?靠卡和堵是不能长久解决问题的。要解决这个问题,我想最重要的是如下几点:</span></p><p style="color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">第一,</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">在法治基础上完善对私有财产的保护,保障人们的安全感。这些年资金外流中的一个重要趋势,就是中产阶层甚至一般民众加入了这个过程。无论是富人的资本外流,还是中产阶层包括一般民众的资金外流,都与财富的不安全感有直接关系,尽管两者涉及的具体因素可能不完全一样。前些年人们一般还把富人的财富转移涉及的不安全感问题归结为原罪问题,但现在情况已经有很大变化。</span></p><p style="color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="line-height: 1.6; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></span></p><p style="color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="line-height: 1.6; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">现在所涉及的财富上的不安全感,更是一种普通意义上的不安全感,是由财富缺乏法治保障造成的不安全感。</span></p><p style="color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">因此,首先是要完善以法治为基础的对才占的保护。以法治保护产权,不能只是停留在口号和理论的层面,不能停留在笼统和抽象的层面。产权是一组权利,包括所有权、使用权、处置权、获得收益的权利等等。以法治保护产权,意味着要通过法治,保护这一组权利。而对私有产权的侵犯和损害,往往就是发生在这些具体的层面。比如,以权力任意侵犯财产的所有权,以权力干预正当使用权的行使,以政策和权力干预财产的处置,甚至以权力侵犯财产所有者获得收益的权利等。这些问题不解决,保护产权就是一句空话,消除人们由此产生的不安全感就是一句空话。</span></p><p style="color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">第二,明确对未来的明确预期。应当看到,现在人们的不安全感,带有一种很强的莫名性。我也接触过一些有这种意向的人士,包括一些比较年轻的中产阶层。他们一个明确的说法是不安全感,但如果你要细究究竟是怎样的一种不安全感,他们又有点说不清道不明,就是一种隐隐约约的感觉。这说明什么问题?我想是和他们对整个社会环境的感觉,和这种感觉带来的对未来预期的不明,有直接关系。</span></p><p style="color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">因此,要解决这种不安全感问题,除了有关的宣示和制度之外,很重要的一点是优化</span><span style="line-height: 25.6px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">社会环境。</span><span style="line-height: 25.6px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">我这里所说的社会环境,特指一股社会思潮的兴起,而这种思潮带有明显的民粹主义的特征。他们把民营企业的一些原罪普遍化为私有财产的原罪;他们借前些年腐败的盛行,质疑整个私有财产的正当性;他们把对缩小贫富差距的正当要求引向对财富的仇恨。正是在这样的背景下,有人在担心打土豪分田地,有人在担心新的公私合营。这不仅加剧了富人对财产安全性的担忧,而且也使中产阶层包括有一定财产的普通民众的不安全心理。</span></p><p style="line-height: 25.6px; color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="line-height: 25.6px; color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">第三,增强社会的向心力。我经常用一对例子来说明我们社会中的向心力的流失。</span><span style="line-height: 25.6px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">大约是80年代沈阳的一场大火,当时许多人站在大街上痛哭失声。2009年</span><span style="line-height: 25.6px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">正月元宵节央视一场大火,损失达几十个亿,网络上一片幸灾乐祸之声。问题在哪里?在对我们这个社会还认同不认同上。在沈阳大火中的痛哭失声,是他们感觉被烧掉的是&#8220;我们的&#8221;;而在这场央视大火中,有人这样说,几十个亿烧掉就烧掉吧,不被烧掉也会被吃掉。从这里面,我们可以看到社会向心力变化的轨迹。</span></p><p style="line-height: 25.6px; color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="line-height: 25.6px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></span></p><p style="line-height: 25.6px; color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="line-height: 25.6px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">从更深层的意义上说,向心力与人们对社会价值和目标的认同有着很直接的关系。不错,在我们社会中有许多令人振奋的宏伟目标,但这些目标往往是整体性的。这种整体性的目标,虽然能引起人们的自豪感,甚至能带来人们某种意义的欢呼,但并不一定能带来人们在现实生活层面上的认同,有时甚至会在有了一定财富的人们中间,引起隐隐约约的不安。在这种情况下,社会能提出切近人们生活的价值和目标是非常重要的。</span></p><p style="line-height: 25.6px; color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="line-height: 25.6px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></span></p><p style="line-height: 25.6px; color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="line-height: 25.6px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">其实,最后还有一个问题,但我不知道怎么说合适。这就是营造一种和平的国际环境,特别是这方面的舆论环境,对于形成这种安全感也是很重要的。</span></p><p style="line-height: 25.6px; color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="line-height: 25.6px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></span></p><p style="line-height: 25.6px; color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="line-height: 25.6px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;">在一个国家还是很贫困,人们没有多少财产的时候,这个问题似乎还有点无所谓,但到了一个国家的国民有了一定的财富的时候,营造和维护一种和平的国际环境就特别的重要了。从这个意义上说,一些动辄打打杀杀的狭隘民族主义言论就是很值得警惕的,因为最后的结果很可能没有吓住别人,反倒造成了国内民众的不安。</span></p></div></div>


Notice: Undefined offset: 0 in /home/chinai11/public_html/wp-content/plugins/custom-author/custom-author.php on line 91
发布于内陆地区