<p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">勃列日涅夫是酷爱奖章和勋章的。但他是从什么时候起有这种爱好的,我没</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">有查到准确的日期。然而,我在一次次重返莫斯科的时候,却发现俄罗斯的舞台上,在说唱艺人的口中经常挂着两个苏联领导人的名字,一个是第一任也是最后一任总统戈尔巴乔夫,另一个就是勃列日涅夫。 </span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">这不是普通的说唱艺人,而是像彼得罗相这样受莫斯科人、甚至俄罗斯人欢</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">迎的首屈一指的说唱艺术家;这不是在一般的小草台子上,而是在克里姆林宫大会堂这样的宏伟大舞台上。彼得罗相在台上装着一副臃肿不便的样子,嘴角歪斜着,几乎是含着口水似地在学勃列日涅夫的样子说话:“今……天,我……代表苏……苏联政府……授予您勋……章,社会主义……英……雄……勋章!”接着是满堂大笑,观众们对彼得罗相的传神动作心满意足。 </span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">观众们大都是从勃列日涅夫时代生活过来的,他们亲眼见过,至少在电视里</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">见过这位领袖。想想看吧,那时的电视和报纸上,勃列日涅夫哪天不都要露几回面。因此,彼得罗相的表演像不像生活中的勃列日涅夫,这无关紧要,重要的是他传神出了观众想象中的勃列日涅夫的形象。在观众眼里,当年的勃列日涅夫就该是这个样子。 </span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">在说唱演员的口中和动作中,勃列日涅夫遭尽了埋汰。为什么苏联的一国之</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">君就该是这种不堪回首的样子呢?也许,这和勃列日涅夫执政的时代以及他在这个时代中的所作所为有关。勃列日涅夫是在1964年10月用突然召开中央全会的办法把赫鲁晓夫赶下台的。这在苏联的党内斗争和权力之争中是常用的手法,赫鲁晓夫当年也是用这种方法把贝利亚、马林科夫和最后一个反党集团赶下台的,然而赫鲁晓夫对勃列日涅夫的这一招却毫无防范,失败得无可挽回。勃列日涅夫指责赫鲁晓夫的改革是主观臆想的行为,是失败的,并以这种指责结束了赫鲁晓夫的统治。然而,具有讽刺意味的是,勃列日涅夫却在很大程度上享受了赫鲁晓夫改革的成果。后来的人可以对赫鲁晓夫的改革做出万般挑剔和指责,但他的一系列措施在苏联社会所产生的巨大反响:民心的顺畅、思想的解放、生产力的发展、经济在一定程度上的繁荣却毕竟是个事实。 </span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">有人说,勃列日涅夫时代的繁荣是勃列日涅夫创造的,我认为这是不确切的。</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">勃列日涅夫时代的繁荣首先是继承的繁荣,若没有赫鲁晓夫风风雨雨的改革,勃列日涅夫不会享有一个足以发展生产力的岁月。赫鲁晓夫的不幸就在于没有等到他的改革出成果的日子,勃列日涅夫的幸运就在于他提前“接班”了。当然,勃列日涅夫也继承了赫鲁晓夫的不幸———尽管赫鲁晓夫在农业上进行了那么多的改革,但苏联的粮食却越来越少,市场供应越来越紧张。 </span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">勃列日涅夫的幸运主要在于碰上了一个好时候——发现并开始大量生产石油</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">和天然气。石油和天然气就是财源,是经济持续发展和节节繁荣的基础和保证,这是谁都知道的事。列宁一执政首先想到的解决经济危机的办法就是开采石油,哪怕是将苏维埃俄国的油气租让给外国人来开采也在所不惜。于是,被认为是盛产石油的车臣地区的首府格罗兹尼的名字就留在了当年有关租让的一系列文件、法令和列宁的文章之中。然而列宁没有解决这个问题。斯大林也花了很大的力量来寻找油田,但由于战争等诸多因素也收效甚微。赫鲁晓夫表面上是个很莽撞的人,但实际上他很懂得石油和天然气的开发与利用对国家的经济发展有着举足轻重的作用。所以,他在下令全速发展火箭和导弹技术的同时,要求尽快找到并开发大油田。赫鲁晓夫的这些决策都留在了有关的文件上。 </span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">在赫鲁晓夫的到处种玉米、热火朝天开荒的日子里,苏联政府一直在乌拉尔</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">山以东的地区勘察油气的产地。赫鲁晓夫只领略到了一小点点石油的喜悦。那是1960年的夏天,在秋明地区乌拉伊市的孔达河畔的一口油井终于喷出了石油。而更大的、不尽的喜悦却是留给勃列日涅夫的。1965年,秋明地区的另一个油井萨莫特洛尔油井投产,第二年,乌连戈伊天然气田投产,庞大的秋明油田已具备全力发展的规模。仅这乌连戈伊的储量经查明就占世界总储量的40%!这是一笔大得、多得难以想像的财富。于是,苏联经济的发展立即从死气沉沉中蓬勃起来,历史的车轮走出死胡同,卷进了一道勃列日涅夫意想不到的轨道。 </span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">这时,勃列日涅夫六十来岁,身体健壮,精力充沛,又具有一番救国家于危</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">亡的干劲和理想,再加上他的身边有一批能干的实干家辅佐——柯西金掌管经济,安德罗波夫致力内政,葛罗米柯主持外交,几朝理论元老苏斯洛夫给他出谋划策,一时间国家呈现出热气腾腾的发展趋势。他们把目光投在石油上,一切以油气为重点来决策国内外大事。很快就又有了苏尔古特等大油气田,1974年苏联的第二条西伯利亚大铁路——贝阿铁路有3100公里通车,油气可以沿这条铁路线西去俄罗斯欧洲部分、东欧国家和西欧,东去太平洋。自此,西西伯利亚的石油和天然气成了在苏联创造奇迹的神:大量的石油运到国际市场,赢得了滚滚的财源,可以进口大量的粮食、食品和日用工业品了。于是,勃列日涅夫可以理直气壮地宣布降低物价,可以欢宴饮乐、歌舞升平。 </span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">这种普通劳动者的冲天干劲和辉煌业绩,这种苏联历史上少有的欢乐和繁荣</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">气氛使勃列日涅夫兴奋得忘乎所以了。一些身旁的人和那些他提拔起来的官僚开始吹捧他是当今的“伊里奇”〔注:列宁姓名的全称是“弗拉基米尔·伊里奇</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">(乌里扬诺夫)·列宁”,勃列日涅夫姓名的全称是“列昂尼德·伊里奇·勃列</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">日涅夫”。这里是说他是“当今的列宁”。〕,他执政的岁月是“从伊里奇到伊</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">里奇”的时代。勃列日涅夫再也没有那么多的、那么大的干劲了,他沉湎于美丽</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">的幻想之中,想把数代领导人干而未竟的事业在他的手中全部完成。于是,就有了“发达共产主义”之说。他用苏联人不仅生活在共产主义,而且生活在“发达</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">共产主义”社会之中的梦境困住了正在前进的苏联。该论功行赏了,该欢庆歌舞</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">了,这大概就是勃列日涅夫爱发奖章和勋章的动机。勃列日涅夫在其当政期间究竟给多少人、发了多少的奖章和勋章、已经是很难说得清楚的事了。至少他没有少给自己发奖章和勋章,仅仅以列宁名字命名的奖他就得了三次,仅仅金星勋章他一生就得了19枚。如果现在去翻看他的照片,他坐在主席台上心满意足,胸前总是左三枚右三枚地别着六枚奖章和勋章。 </span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">所以,在他生前,老百姓就了解他的这种癖好。只要勃列日涅夫在电视上露</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">面,那就准和什么节日或喜庆的日子有关,那就准有什么人会得到某种奖章或勋章了。所以,在勃列日涅夫当政的时候,老百姓就在讽刺这种短暂繁荣的经济所造成的假象。于是,笑话百出,勃列日涅夫时期是苏联历史上政治笑话迅速产生和广为流传的时期。笑话虽是笑话,事情并没有真真假假,苦涩的笑里总是现状和实情。而在所有这些笑话中,国家元首勃列日涅夫总是主角,这种异常的现象不得不令人深思。 </span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">70年代开始后,勃列日涅夫就不那么勤政了,似乎一心想的就是怎样用颁</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">发奖章和勋章的事来颂扬自己治理下的苏联社会。他的警卫就回忆过这么一段真事:勃列日涅夫在看电视连续剧《春天的十七个瞬间》时,他的护士在一旁说,侦察员伊萨耶夫是个真实的人,现在还活着,只是被人遗忘了。勃列日涅夫马上让警卫去了解一下有没有伊萨耶夫这个人,现在干什么。警卫说,不用去了解,没有这个人,是影视剧塑造的一个艺术形象。他不相信,又给安德罗波夫打电话,安德罗波夫的回答也是没有这个人。 </span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">勃列日涅夫本来是想给这个伊萨耶夫颁发勋章的,没有这个人就颁发不了了。</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">勃列日涅夫没有办法,但是勋章还是要颁发的。他就把一枚金星勋章奖给了扮演伊萨耶夫的演员维亚切斯拉夫·吉洪诺夫。后来,这个吉洪诺夫就成了勃列日涅夫的红人,他在电台上朗读勃列日涅夫自我吹嘘的传记——《小地》,在每逢11月7日晚上政府要人必定要参加的盛大晚会上当主持人,为勃列日涅夫歌功颂德。 </span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">在家里看电视、看电影,然后再招来他喜欢的演员,给他们颁发各种各样的</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">奖章和勋章就成了勃列日涅夫执政后期的主要生活内容之一。勃列日涅夫还有一个主要的生活内容,那就是“减肥”。是的,是减肥,是我们现代生活中的这个</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">减肥概念。 </span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">勃列日涅夫身高1·78米,浓眉大眼,年轻时是很英俊的。他一生喜好打</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">猎,每次猎后都是大吃大喝,上台执政的初期依然是酒肉不忌、一副放荡不羁的派头。于是,渐渐地胖起来了,感到自己身子沉起来了。到了70年代初期,勃列日涅夫越来越养尊处优,也就开始十分关注起自己的胖瘦来了。他开始减肥,一是再不吃肉食,二是运动——散步。整天的食物就是蔬菜、乳渣、茶,有时吃一两个乳渣馅的饼。他一有机会就向身体不发胖的人打听食谱,当有人告诉他早晨吃一个鸡蛋一杯茶最好时,他就让厨师上这种早餐,而以前他一天至少要吃十个鸡蛋。他还时刻担心自己发胖,在家里、办公室里到处放着磅秤。他出门时称一下体重,进出办公室称体重,回到家的第一件事也是称体重。体重增加了500克,愁眉苦脸起来,体重减少了500克,马上兴高采烈。他的减肥灵方就是不吃肉、少吃饭、多散步。他为什么减肥?并不是为了英俊和潇洒。他这种权力和地位,用不着为英俊和潇洒发愁。他真正发愁的是他的生命。他的手下对他说,您精力充沛,多500克体重没有什么关系。这时,他会极为认真地说:“不能那样。我听说,心脏受不了呀。” </span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"> </p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">然而,勃列日涅夫的饕餮虽然因为担心自己的生命而停止了下来,可它对周</span><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">围的人、对苏联的为官当政者的影响却是极为深刻的。那种漫染至政府各层官员的大吃大喝之风已经是刹不住的了,并且愈演愈烈。三天一小宴,五天一大宴,婚丧嫁娶生老病死都要饮宴,这已经成了新的传统。况且,勃列日涅夫并没有想到要刹住这种风气,他想到的只是他的生命不要因此而有所影响。有一次,他在他的私人“猎围”——扎维多沃,见到那里的负责人盛着一大盆黑鱼子酱在吃。他看着他一勺一勺地吃完,然后惊讶地说:“这可是鱼子酱,不是稀饭。你怎么吃这么多?”于是,他立即下令削减他手下的工作人员的膳食费。勃列日涅夫想干什么呢?还是他的警卫队长说得好,要是工作人员在他身旁这样大吃大喝,他也就会禁不住想吃,那就别想减肥了。 </span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">勃列日涅夫执政后期,他的疏于“朝政”、尽情享乐、养尊处优,甚至放纵</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">无为对苏联官员所产生的恶劣影响远远不止是在大吃大喝上的。裙带风、官官相护风、贪污受贿、徇私舞弊和渎职犯罪行为发展极其迅速,像九级浪那样卷过不停。连他的宝贝女儿加林娜也自觉地卷入了这种非社会主义的,更不用说是“发达共产主义”的丑闻中去了。 </span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">然而,勃列日涅夫对所有这一切腐败现象都视而不见,甚至是故意装聋卖傻。</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">在他看来,既然石油多如流水,外汇逐年增多,那还怕什么?既然当官了,不就是苦劳和功劳都有了吗?吃一点,拿一点,挥霍一点,贪一点,又有什么关系?对那些裙带风、官官相护风不必刹,对那些腐败渎职行为不必查,歌舞升平嘛,团结要紧,稳定干部队伍要紧,因为他的权力不是建立在群众的呼声上的,而是建立在他欣赏的干部的团结和稳定上的。大理论家苏斯洛夫给了他一条锦囊妙计:“干部的稳定,这是胜利的保障。”他时刻奉守这一准则。 </span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">所以,他的女儿不能受侦查,他的干部不能被查办,他的亲信不能被革职。</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">一切以稳定为重,一切以团结为上。 安德罗波夫是管这方面的事的,管官员的升降,管官员的行为举止。裙带风、官官相护风、贪污受贿、徇私舞弊和渎职犯罪行为都归安德罗波夫管。既然管,安德罗波夫的手中就不能不掌握大量的材料,既然有材料,就不能匿而不报。于是,他将几件不能不报的事报告给这位总书记听。安德罗波夫讲的是有关克拉斯</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">诺达尔斯克边疆区第一书记麦都诺夫的事。他说,由于麦都诺夫滥用职权,他治理下的地区贿赂成风,腐败盛行。勃列日涅夫倒痛快,单刀直入地问:拿他怎么办?安德罗波夫说得也干脆,撤职查办,送法庭。勃列日涅夫连连摇头说:“不能这么办。他是一个大的党组织的领导人。人们信任他,跟他走,而现在我们要把他送上法庭?再说,他那个区里的事情还进行得不坏嘛。我们换一个不诚实的人会把这个区的事搞坏的,先把他调到别的地方去,看看他怎么样再说吧。”安德罗波夫当然要顺着总书记的意思说,就问:把他调到哪里呢?勃列日涅夫说:“当个副部长什么的,不行吗?” </span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">于是,事情就这样决定下来了。贪污腐败和渎职犯罪的麦都诺夫反倒被说成</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">了工作搞得不错的干部,被调到某个同样重要的岗位上去安安稳稳当他的官了。在勃列日涅夫时期,这样的事层出不穷。为什么?一是,这些被查出有问题的高官大员,在政府官员这个系统中都沾亲带故。这个麦都诺夫就是勃列日涅夫一手提拔起来的人,就是勃列日涅夫执政的依靠和基础,他能动他们吗?动了他们,不就等于是给自己挖墙角。二是,上梁不正下梁歪。麦都诺夫这样的官和这样的官带关系,在勃列日涅夫时期是一种普遍现象,你查得了一个麦都诺夫,查得了所有的麦都诺夫吗?你查不了。要查,你自己就得丢了官,何必呢? </span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">所以,在勃列日涅夫执政的后期,在这种“稳定团结”,在这种官官相护的</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">皆大喜欢的局面下,那种因西西伯利亚石油和天然气的发现与开采而出现的繁荣景象消沉了下来,那种因获得发展而呈现的光辉暗淡了下来,社会又逐渐地变得毫无生气,接着就是死气沉沉。勃列日涅夫执政的这个后期被人们形象地说是“停滞时期”。只不过对这种“停滞”的解释各不一样,曾经有许多人说,是勃</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">列日涅夫恢复了斯大林时期的政策,所以苏联社会才又进入“停滞”时期的。我</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">看不是这样。勃列日涅夫从一开始就没有执行什么别的政策,他继承的是斯大林时期就确立下来的建国方针。甚至赫鲁晓夫也是这样,他虽然激烈地反对了斯大林的个人崇拜,可在总的建国方针上,他仍然是“斯大林分子”。在勃列日涅夫这个人身上,不存在什么“革新的勃列日涅夫”和“保守的勃列日涅夫”之分。</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">他执政前期的繁荣,也不是他不执行斯大林方针的结果,勃列日涅夫是一个始终完整如一的勃列日涅夫。苏联这一时期的“停滞”不是什么别的造成的,而是他</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">治理下的腐败现象所造成的。那张由裙带风、官官相护风、贪污受贿、徇私舞弊和渎职犯罪行为所编织成的大网日益发展、日益弥漫,障住了由石油的光亮照绿照红的土地,经济的发展才停滞下来,社会才又灰蒙蒙一片。 </span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">人们常说机遇这个名词,并且也常说苏联失去了历史发展的机遇。但在我看</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">来,最失去机遇的时刻却是在勃列日涅夫时期。石油和天然气给苏联提供了千载难逢的机遇。在现代世界上,许多国家都是因为这个机遇而蓬勃发展起来的,美国就是这样。这样的机遇在苏联面临困境的时候几乎是自然来到了这片土地上。也许,由于它来得太突然、闪烁着太多的光亮,所以人们都晕头转向了,都陶醉在自天而降的财富、欢乐和喜庆之中了。人们只想到了要石油和天然气、运石油和天然气、卖石油和天然气,而从没有很好想到该怎样开采这些石油和天然气、该怎样开发和利用这些石油和天然气,现在怎样,将来怎样?似乎都没有个底。于是,滥采滥用,滥运滥卖;于是,输送的管道成千公里地铺设,可质量却成了个问题,漏油漏气、爆炸、毒化环境,多少年来折磨着这个由富裕而贫穷下来的国家。终于,石油和天然气成了这个国家发展的负担:中央政权和地方政权争吵不休、这些地区的民族纷争不断、居民的日益贫困和环境的日益恶化…… </span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">最有前景的机遇曾经落在勃列日涅夫的手中,而他最终葬送了它。机遇的失</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">落使苏联大大落后于世界的发展进程。这失落在很大程度上是由勃列日涅夫一手造成的,是他的“停滞”造成的。正是在他执政的时期,在苏联开始出现了囊括</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">党政各级机构、遍及全国的腐败现象,这是他留给后任的难以治疗的痼疾和遗产。苏联其后的解体有许多的原因,但因贪污受贿、徇私舞弊和渎职犯罪所形成的腐败之风是一个极其重要的因素。在这方面,勃列日涅夫是难推其责的。 </span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">尽管勃列日涅夫英俊潇洒过,尽管他精力充沛执政辉煌过,尽管他极力减肥</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">保持英明的形象过,但到了老年毕竟还是糊涂了、昏庸了。所以,他越是年岁大,就越是老迈昏庸,越是老迈昏庸,就越是要用奖章和勋章来夸耀自己的功劳和国家的歌舞升平。所以,他的这种形象就留在说唱艺人的口中和表演中。当笑声轰然而起时,演员们、观众们是嘲笑还是可怜这个曾经为一国之君的人呢? </span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">勃列日涅夫和斯大林有个共同之处,那就是讳疾忌医,从不找医生看病。所</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">以,他的死亡也几乎和斯大林差不多。1982年11月9日,他去自己的卧室睡觉后,谁也没有去打搅他,连他的夫人也没有进他的卧室。第二天早晨,当警卫们走进卧室去叫醒他时,他已经死去。没有其他任何异常的症状,显然是因为心脏血管的疾病而亡。死后,他被隆重地葬在克里姆林宫的宫墙下,这在苏联是最高级、最上等、最神圣的墓地。 </span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">现在,这里是禁地,只是偶尔有机会可以进去瞻仰。当我面对他的笑容可掬、</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">英俊潇洒的头像时,我不禁想到他死后的一种安排——按照俄罗斯的习俗,在逝者下葬后,亲人和朋友要在一起举行一次追荐仪式。追荐勃列日涅夫的这一仪式是在莫斯科郊区的新奥加廖沃政府别墅举行的。其后,安德罗波夫和契尔年科的追荐仪式也都是在这里进行的。新奥加廖沃成了某种不祥、伤感和悲哀的象征。具有先知意义的是,在1991年将近年终的时分,苏联的各个加盟共和国的领袖们正是在这所别墅中签署了新的联盟条约。可是,有谁能想到他们却是预先为苏联的解体举行了“追荐”仪式,新奥加廖沃又多了一重不祥、伤感和悲哀。 </span></p>