弯曲的脊梁:纳粹德国与民主德国时期的宣传活动

<div><div style="display: inline-block;"></div></div> <blockquote style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 10px; max-width: 100%; border-left-width: 3px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #dbdbdb; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-top: 5px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 12pt;">纳粹广播节目主管欧根&#183;哈达莫夫斯基在1935年实验性的广播开始对外播送时说:&#8220;当实验性的广播开始在1935年对外播送时,现在,此时此刻,广播将会响应号召以实现它最伟大和神圣的使命:</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: #000000; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">将元首形象永不磨灭地根植于所有德国人的心中</strong>。&#8221;</span>&nbsp;</p></blockquote><p style="text-align: center; margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><img src="/EditBackyard/EditorData/Photo/2018/Mar/321201822-b1.jpg" border="0" alt="" width="440" height="404" />&nbsp;</p><div>&nbsp;</div><div><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">国家社会主义酷似宗教的崇拜,他的创立者仍在忠诚的框架中前行。纳粹党人就以环绕着超人光环的方式来表现希特勒。</span></div><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">赫曼&#183;戈林在1941年代用的就是教皇绝对正确的语言:</span><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">&#8220;</span><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">我们国家社会主义者以十足的自信宣称,对我们来说,在攸关人民的国家与社会利益之所有政治和其他事务上,元首绝对正确。</strong><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">&#8221;</span><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">德国人&#8220;深深地,毫不动摇地相信&#8221;相信希特勒神圣的天赋使命,他也这样做了。德国战士和希特勒青年团的成员</span><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">宣誓对希特勒的个人效忠,保证绝对服从,就像在他们的上帝和其教友面前宣称与确定其信仰一般。</strong><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">在纳粹的岁月里,希特勒高大的形象出现在普通的海报中,并配以如下一段说明:&#8220;</span><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">一个民族,一个帝国,一个元首。</strong><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">&#8221;</span><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">1941年由纳粹党出版社公开出版的一本小书只能以崇拜文学名之。人们也被询问元首对他们有何意义。按照一个战士的说法:&#8220;</span><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">我们的元首是有史以来独一无二的人物。我毫无保留地相信他和他的运动。他就是我的宗教。</strong><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">&#8221;这样的例子无可计数。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; color: #000000;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">一个最有趣的表现对希特勒崇拜的例子就是数千首对元首的赞美诗。一卷名为《忠诚颂》的小册子出现在1938年。它包含19首短诗,全部由1938年吞并</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">前,奥地利的希特勒青年团成员匿名写成。</span></span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; color: #000000;"></span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">其中一首很有代表性的诗就是</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">&#8220;我们的元首&#8221;。</span><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><blockquote style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 10px; max-width: 100%; border-left-width: 3px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #dbdbdb; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">众人赞美您,</span></p></blockquote><blockquote style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 10px; max-width: 100%; border-left-width: 3px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #dbdbdb; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 1.6; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">纵然其赞美是无声的&#8212;&#8212;</span></p></blockquote><blockquote style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 10px; max-width: 100%; border-left-width: 3px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #dbdbdb; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 1.6; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">众人并未亲见您,</span></p></blockquote><blockquote style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 10px; max-width: 100%; border-left-width: 3px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #dbdbdb; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">您仍是他们的救世主。</span></p></blockquote><blockquote style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 10px; max-width: 100%; border-left-width: 3px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #dbdbdb; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">当您向您的德国人民喊话,</span></p></blockquote><blockquote style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 10px; max-width: 100%; border-left-width: 3px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #dbdbdb; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">其言词已穿越整个国家</span></p></blockquote><blockquote style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 10px; max-width: 100%; border-left-width: 3px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #dbdbdb; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">深入无数人的心灵,</span></p></blockquote><blockquote style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 10px; max-width: 100%; border-left-width: 3px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #dbdbdb; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">您的形象已长留心中。</span></p></blockquote><blockquote style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 10px; max-width: 100%; border-left-width: 3px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #dbdbdb; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">有时您的洞察带给那些</span></p></blockquote><blockquote style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 10px; max-width: 100%; border-left-width: 3px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #dbdbdb; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">处于苦役和重负下的人们以生气&#8230;</span></p></blockquote><blockquote style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 10px; max-width: 100%; border-left-width: 3px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #dbdbdb; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">因而那么多的人愿为您献身</span></p></blockquote><blockquote style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 10px; max-width: 100%; border-left-width: 3px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #dbdbdb; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">并在您的精神中寻找光明。</span></p></blockquote><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; color: #000000;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">这无疑是宗教的语言,就像赞美、救世主、生命、献身、精神和光明这些词一样。只有在一个人把希特勒看成是一个基督式的人物,一种神圣的与人类的结合体,这一意义才说得通。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">《忠诚颂》因此获得了德国国家图书奖(戈培尔曾用它鼓励出版那些有正确主旨的书)。在该书的护封上,戈培尔这样写道:&#8220;当我们正为奖项的归属而僵持不下,或者说只得通过抽签来表决时,一本小而薄的诗集适时地出现在市场上。它让所有进一步的考量都毫无意义。与其他书相比,此书更好地满足了我们这一奖项的目标。&#8221;</span><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">要是这些诗描写的是罗斯福或丘吉尔,那一定会滑天下之大稽,但是纳粹党人不会只把希特勒看成是一个再普通不过的凡人。虽然他们不得不承认希特勒终会死去,结果他也的确如此(在死之前,他有时也提到自己的独特性以及实现目标的重要性),希特勒还是被德国人看成是</span><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">可以绝对信任的一个人</strong><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">。</span><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">在希特勒4月20日的生日聚会上,戈培尔做了一个年度演说。它绝对是引人注目的读物。即使在1945年,戈培尔仍用的是宗教式的口吻:&#8220;</span><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">我们觉得他(希特勒)就活在我们心中,与我们永远在一起。</strong><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">&#8221;更早的那些系列演说同样如此宣称。希特勒的灵魂/幽灵到处可见,无处不在。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">希特勒典型的形象,我们可以在《意志的凯旋》中一探虚实,这是由莱妮&#183;里芬施塔尔拍摄的1934年纽伦堡帝国代表大会的纪录片。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">本片采用了多种手法强调了希特勒的非凡特质。他的飞机伴随着圣洁的音乐在云层中悄无声息地掠过。飞机投下的阴影,仿佛一个十字架,投射在他那忠实信徒的行进队列中。</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">他在凯旋而归的队伍簇拥下进入了纽伦堡。摄像机时而给他一个特写镜头,时而从下往上拍,以凸显其伟岸的身躯。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">他的光辉向四处发散,比如,在开进纽伦堡的车队中,当他那握成杯状的手正好捕捉到光亮时。希特勒,紧握着鲜红的旗帜(1923年暴动时佩戴的旗帜),意使党的新规范神圣化。鲁道夫&#183;赫斯当场宣布,</span><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.6;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">希特勒就是德国,德国就是希特勒</span></strong><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">。这些都不是一个普通人的形象。</span><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">希特勒引人注目的地位明显源于图解式的影像。照片、绘画与雕塑都精心控制,需要希特勒个人的认可。为表达对希特勒的敬意,纳粹领导人于1936年出版了一本以《阿道夫&#183;希特勒:元首生活照片集》为名的纪念册,其中就刊载了至少2,450,000幅插图。</span><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">人们购买纪念册,并把买香烟收到的附赠照片贴起来。海因里希&#183;霍夫曼出版了超过12本希特勒的影像集,并且大量地售出。比如,一本&#8220;私人的&#8221;影集《不为人知的希特勒》就售出了至少40万册。鲁道夫&#183;赫斯评论道,第三帝国时期希特勒&#8220;照片的无处不在&#8221;&#8220;是表现领导人克里斯玛形象不可或缺的手段&#8221;。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-indent: 2em; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">纳粹党人还没有时间来发展电视系统,但是如果他们这样做了,希特勒的形象同样会遍布荧屏。</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-indent: 2em; font-size: 15px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">纳粹广播节目主管欧根&#183;哈达莫夫斯基在1935年实验性的广播开始对外播送时说:</span></span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-indent: 2em; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.6; font-family: Arial; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">&#8220;<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 1.6; font-family: Arial; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 12pt;">现在,此时此刻,广播将会响应号召以实现它最伟大和神圣的使命:</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">将元首形象永不磨灭地根植于所有德国人的心中。</strong></span></span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-indent: 2em; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">&#8221;</span><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">作为纳粹宗教中的一个超人形象,希特勒深知界定纳粹世界观的重要性。按照一份1937年的党内指示,甚至希特勒自己的演说只有在获得其本人许可之后才能出版。1939年,希特勒指示,处理纳粹世界观的演说文本应该事先得到鲁道夫&#183;赫斯的认可。在赫斯飞往英格兰之后,希特勒个人则同意了这些演说。</span><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">各种世界观都有依重要性程度不同的文本。《我的奋斗》是国家社会主义的圣经。乔治&#183;摩斯怀疑,既然&#8220;</span><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">《我的奋斗》中的观念已经被翻译成了礼拜的形式,并且离开打印文本变成了民族与雅利安崇拜的大众仪式</strong><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">&#8221;,那么与马克思和列宁的作品是共产主义者的圣经一样,希特勒的书在同样的意义上也是纳粹党人的圣经。</span><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">毫无疑问,《我的奋斗》中的观念可能以各种不同的方式实现,但是此书对纳粹主义者来说仍然具有中心意义。它以庞大的发行量出版(到1945年,已超过1000万)。市长们将精装本赠送给新婚夫妇。其目标就是实现每个家庭和图书馆都有该书。像家庭里的圣经一样,人们通常不去读它,但是仅仅其存在就证实了它的重要性。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">希特勒的演说拥有同等的教义式权威。它们本身就是标志着巨大重要性的事件。正如战争开始之后,位于林茨的党内宣传办公室就发表了关于学习和运用希特勒演说的公告。这是一份值得注意的公文:</span><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">元首的话就是人们心中的种子。党员必须看管好这一种子,并看到它开花结果。因此,他应该逐字逐句,一遍又一遍地学习元首的讲话,直至他能够掌握这些需要在面对面宣传中讲出来的论述。如果他能在所有谈话中依靠元首的话,那么他将能利用元首的强大权威来影响甚至最顽固的抱怨者使他们沉默&#8230;&#8230;</span><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">因此,每一个宣传员的任务就是,</span><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">捍卫元首每次演说在全民族的存在,培育热情的火花,甚至激励它。如果他以全部的忠诚和认真来学习每一个词,让它们每天都重新影响他,那么他将能做到这些。他和其他公民的对话将会充满振奋的和统一的力量的光辉,而这在元首所有的讲话中无处不在。</strong><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">这是一份神圣文本,而不是政治演说的描述。希特勒话语中的神圣性在一幅广泛流传的名为&#8220;太初有道&#8221;的图景中,而不只是在一次约翰信条开放话语的偶然引用中得到强调。希特勒被看成是对着一群狂热的早期追随者布道。</span><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">正如圣经会被某些人作为证据性文本煞费苦心地开发,希特勒语录也渗透了第三帝国。这样的例子数量巨大,随手可举。1942年的生物课本在说明&#8220;生命的法则&#8221;时,引用了《我的奋斗》七次。《我们的意志与方法》,宣传者月刊)则频繁引用它。</span><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">党内宣传办公室出于公共展示目的,每周发行30万份的每周语录布告,许多采用的是希特勒语录。比如,1941年5月4-10日这一期引用了他的这一说法:&#8220;无人会在德国战士占据之地攻城略地。&#8221;纳粹党的艺术杂志,《德意志帝国艺术》包含精心印刷的希特勒语录,它们迎合了战争早期岁月的计划。</span><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">一些人家中还有一个&#8220;希特勒神龛&#8221;。正如尤利乌斯&#183;施特莱彻的《先锋报》在1936年写道:&#8220;通过将元首画像悬挂在家中,德国公民们得以表达他们对第三帝国的态度。&#8221;同年,一份德意志儿童杂志告诉它的读者如何庆祝希特勒的生日:&#8220;所有德意志的儿童都要在4月20日元首生日那天思考做些什么。元首的画像应该挂在每一个家庭里,而我们要用亲手做的绿色花环来装饰它。这就是展示我们爱戴领袖的方式,我们对他感激之情永不改变。&#8221;</span><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">在纳粹之前,德国人也会在墙上悬挂圣徒和政治领导人的画像。不同之处在于,现在</span><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">任何表现出对悬挂希特勒画像的不情愿</span></strong><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">则</span><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt;">变成了背叛的证据</span></strong><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">。</span><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">到1933年为止,城市和乡镇中的主要街道与公共广场都已经以希特勒的名字重新命名,不久之后纳粹其他领导人也忝列其中。凯撒/皇帝街变成了阿道夫&#8212;希特勒大街(1945年后民主德国时期则是卡尔-马克思大街)。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">不管转向哪里,德国人不仅要遭遇希特勒的画像和言辞,而且他们还被期望在这大合唱中加进他们自己的声音。最明显的方式就是欢呼&#8220;</span><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">希特勒万岁</strong><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">&#8221;,一种&#8220;德国人的欢呼&#8221;,纳粹党人如此称呼它。这很快变成了日常生活中一种惯例。公开张贴的标语宣称:&#8220;我们的欢呼就是&#8216;希特勒万岁&#8217;。&#8221;电视广播节目也以广播员的&#8220;希特勒万岁&#8221;结束。</span><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: #3e3e3e; font-family: -apple-system-font, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; background-color: #ffffff; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12pt; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Arial;">这一欢呼就是展现纳粹忠诚的测量计。一位美国访问者在1935年这样写道:&#8220;&#8216;希特勒万岁&#8217;现在是这个国家的欢呼,所有阶级的人,无处不在。&#8221;另一方面,1943年,一位党员在巴门镇对着他遇到的51个人欢呼,2个人回应了他。不断恶化的战争局势使公民们对元首宣誓效忠的热情开始消退。新闻报纸上战士阵亡的补告被期望来表达他们是&#8220;为元首,人民和祖国&#8221;而死的。到1944年底,当这些通告的百分比在一些报纸中下降到4%时,这一措辞则像是义务性质的了。</span></p><div><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;"><br /></span></div>


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