<figure style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; margin: 32px -54.2188px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #111111; clear: both;"><span style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; display: block; position: relative;"><img alt="英国的乔治·奥威尔壁画" src="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/660/cpsprodpb/F6F5/production/_102512236_gettyimages-586129328.jpg" width="976" height="549" data-highest-encountered-width="660" style="color: #bdbdbd; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; height: auto; max-width: 100%; user-select: none; width: 645.781px; display: block;" /><span style="border: 0px !important; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px !important; vertical-align: baseline; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">图片版权</span><span style="border: 0px; color: #ececec; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.875rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.25px; line-height: 1.14286; margin: 0px; padding: 3px 8px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; text-transform: uppercase; background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6); bottom: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0px;">GETTY IMAGES</span></span><figcaption style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 16px; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible;"><span style="border: 0px !important; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px !important; vertical-align: baseline; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Image caption</span><span style="border: 0px; color: #ececec; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.33333; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; display: block;">英国的乔治·奥威尔壁画</span></figcaption></figure><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 28px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">2018年7月12日，美国之音采访独立中文笔会会长廖天琪，她转述身边刘霞的话，刘霞不会出席7月13日在Gethsemane church教堂举行的刘晓波逝世周年追忆会。同时，廖天琪还代为表达刘霞的意思：也不方便对美国之音说几句话。当天，廖天琪还告诉美国的自由亚洲电台，关于刘霞不能出席刘晓波的追忆会，“她（刘霞）告诉我原因了，但我不能说……是她不能。”</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">看到这个消息，我心中一阵紧缩，悲怆感猛然袭来，我的悲观估计被证实了，恐惧感仍然如影随形，牢牢地笼罩着刘霞。</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">两天前的7月10日，刘霞获准离开中国前往德国，许多朋友欢呼她“自由了”。当时我在微信和推特Twitter上发悲哀之声：刘霞并未自由，她仍在中国政府那张巨大的如来佛手掌中，晓波逝世前后的情况我们仍然很难知道，因为刘霞的弟弟刘晖仍然在中国，他会成为人质。</p><figure style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; margin: 24px -24.6406px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #111111;"><div style="color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 346.609px; vertical-align: baseline; height: 0px; position: relative;"><img src="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/720×405/p058nq37.jpg" style="color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px -25.6719px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; height: auto; max-width: 100%; user-select: none; width: 616.203px; display: block; position: absolute;" alt="" /><div style="color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 346.609px; vertical-align: baseline; height: 0px; position: relative;"><div style="border: 0px; 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color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 24px 0px 0px; padding: 0px 0px 346.609px; vertical-align: baseline; height: 0px;"><div id="smphtml5iframemedia-player-1wrp" style="color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 346.609px; vertical-align: baseline; z-index: 999; position: relative; height: 0px; width: 616.203px;"><iframe id="smphtml5iframemedia-player-1" name="smphtml5iframemedia-player-1" frameborder="0" scrolling="no" src="https://emp.bbc.com/emp/SMPj/2.20.2/iframe.html" gesture="media" allow="autoplay" title="刘霞与刘晓波：艰难的罗曼史" style="border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px; width: 616.203px; height: 346.609px;"></iframe></div></figure></div><div style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></div></div></div></div></div></div><figcaption style="border: 0px; color: #ececec; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.33333; margin: 0px; padding: 16px; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible;">刘霞与刘晓波：艰难的罗曼史</figcaption></figure><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">中国政府成功地在人们心中营造起广泛而强烈的恐惧感，刘霞不幸成为其中一个最具典型意义的牺牲品。2010年10月8日，刘霞的丈夫刘晓波获得诺贝尔和平奖，从那天到今年7月10日，刘霞被软禁近八年。绝大多数时间里，她是一个人呆在北京玉渊潭的居所。不管是出门买菜还是前往锦州看望刘晓波，都是警察护送。近几年，政府允许她见几个经过审核后恩准的朋友。刘霞曾经把我也放在要求会见的名单中，但未被批准。长期的幽闭生活和巨大的精神压力使得刘霞的心理上被营造出强烈的恐惧感，可怕的是，这种心理上的恐惧和现实的威胁不会随着她离开中国而消散。</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">今年6月1日，我前往一个饭店与刘霞秘密见面。我感到她当时处于严重的恐惧与焦虑当中。她的焦虑是对于中国政府是否会允许她自由出国旅行休养心中没底，政府的模糊说辞使她完全处于一种折磨人的悬念当中。更让我担心的是，她好像不时被一种强烈的恐惧感袭击。她会搂住我的脖子，低声说她不能回答我的一些问题。这语气，这神情，让我想起2012年12月28日我们推开保安冲到她家里看望她时的那种惊恐和焦虑。</p><ul style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; margin: 18px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; list-style: none; background-color: #ffffff;"><li style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.75; margin: 18px 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 4px; vertical-align: baseline; list-style: square outside;"><a href="https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/simp/world-44790093" style="border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: #dcdcdc; border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; color: #222222; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.75; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(17, 103, 168, 0.3);">刘霞抵达柏林：贸易战与人权牌</a></li><li style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.75; margin: 18px 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 4px; vertical-align: baseline; list-style: square outside;"><a href="https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/simp/world-44804797" style="border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: #dcdcdc; border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; color: #222222; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.75; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(17, 103, 168, 0.3);">德国：历史原因造就的异见人士庇护所</a></li></ul><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">吃饭过程中，明显看到刘霞和他弟弟刘晖都处于被政府严密看管和警告下所产生出的两难、无奈和恐惧中。刘晖的律师尚宝军告诉我，刘晖由于经济纠纷被判十一年徒刑，现在处于保外就医。我告诉刘晖，美国使馆的官员希望约我聊天谈谈中国的政治和文化状况，我打算建议他们关注刘霞的状况。出乎我的意料，刘晖让我不要提出这类建议，他希望美国使馆官员不要介入。刘晖担心，美国使馆的介入会刺激中国政府、会让中国政府不高兴，或者为了面子而不批准刘霞自由出国旅行。虽然不同意刘晖的思路，但我在与美国使馆官员见面时清楚、明确地转达了刘晖的看法和建议。</p><figure style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; margin: 24px -24.6406px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #111111; clear: both;"><span style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; display: block; position: relative;"><img src="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/624/cpsprodpb/A939/production/_102512334_gettyimages-167245776.jpg" datasrc="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/320/cpsprodpb/A939/production/_102512334_gettyimages-167245776.jpg" alt="2013年4月，刘霞与律师莫少平抵达其弟弟刘晖庭审现场外。周围全是警察。" width="976" height="549" data-highest-encountered-width="624" style="color: #bdbdbd; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; height: auto; max-width: 100%; user-select: none; width: 616.203px; transition: opacity 0.2s ease-in; display: block;" /><span style="border: 0px !important; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px !important; vertical-align: baseline; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">图片版权</span><span style="border: 0px; color: #ececec; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.875rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.25px; line-height: 1.14286; margin: 0px; padding: 3px 8px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; text-transform: uppercase; background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6); bottom: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0px;">GETTY IMAGES</span></span><figcaption style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 16px; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible;"><span style="border: 0px !important; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px !important; vertical-align: baseline; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Image caption</span><span style="border: 0px; color: #ececec; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.33333; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; display: block;">2013年4月，刘霞与律师莫少平抵达其弟弟刘晖庭审现场外。周围全是警察。</span></figcaption></figure><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">何止刘霞一人，恐惧之巨网早已在中国落下!中国政府不仅仅在刘霞一个人身上成功地营造出恐惧感。这种无形之网笼罩在中国大地上，也深深地浸入中国领土之外的许多中国人心底。在许多情况下，这种恐惧感得到被统治者的认同和强化、夸大。有时，对中国政府的恐惧和臣服会让人们从控制者的角度去考虑问题，主动地提醒自己不要为施压者和控制者丢面子、惹麻烦，不时担心自己的一点小小的自由行动就是否会引起老大哥的注意或者使其有所不悦。</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">长期在中国的政治空气中生活，许多时候人们会分不清哪些是必要的政治规避和自我保护、安全算计，哪些是我们自己在夸大恐惧，或者在受虐中不由自主地接受那种极权下的"合理"思维秩序。又有哪些时候，我们会不由自主地帮助营造恐惧？</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">我自己有时也会迷惑于这一困境。大约从2014年元旦以后，我有时能够打通刘霞家的电话。但是在通话时我总是小心翼翼。与刘霞通电话时，我几乎从不与刘霞谈论所谓“敏感”的政治话题，总是跟她谈谈诗歌呀，推荐几本小说呀，或者点评一些当代艺术作品。即使问起刘晓波，我也总是自觉地限制话题，只询问刘晓波的身体情况怎么样，在监狱里看些什么书，种些什么菜。之所以这样，就是因为我知道刘霞是严格地“处在中国官方的视野范围内”（2018年7月10日《环球时报》评论员单仁平语）怕我的谈话引起管控刘霞的官员、警员的不悦从而把刘霞家的电话再次切断。</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">中国政府营造的恐惧感绝不仅仅笼罩在那些所谓不听话的异议人士头顶。就我的观察，普通百姓、一般的政府工作人员和共产党干部所感觉、所体认的恐惧感要远远高于异议人士。我有的朋友经常告诉我说自己的电话又被监听了，因为电话里有回声啥啥，或者自己这两天说了啥话，议论了啥政治题目。多数情况下，我遇到这种情况会告诉他，你郝老师混到今天还没混上有人全天候监听我的电话呢。我曾经找内部人打听过，实际情况是，电信部门会把我们的手机通讯信息储存一段时间，需要时可以调出来。像德国电影窃听风暴那样的戴着耳机监听已经不需要了。</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">成功地营造恐惧感就必须要让被统治者主动地参与夸大和自我恫吓。这一点在极权主义的制度运行中极为重要。2018年5月18日，《纽约时报》发表介绍贺卫方的文章<a href="https://cn.nytimes.com/china/20180518/china-rights-he-weifang/" style="border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: #dcdcdc; border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; color: #222222; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.75; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(17, 103, 168, 0.3);">《在政治风暴中等待时机的异见学者》</a>，有的朋友就悄悄问我，这个文章会不会给贺卫方带来危险啊？</p><figure style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; margin: 24px -24.6406px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #111111; clear: both;"><span style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; display: block; position: relative;"><img src="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/624/cpsprodpb/107D/production/_102512240_gettyimages-995165782.jpg" datasrc="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/320/cpsprodpb/107D/production/_102512240_gettyimages-995165782.jpg" alt="刘霞抵达赫尔辛基机场，转机前往柏林。" width="976" height="549" data-highest-encountered-width="624" style="color: #bdbdbd; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; height: auto; max-width: 100%; user-select: none; width: 616.203px; transition: opacity 0.2s ease-in; display: block;" /><span style="border: 0px !important; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px !important; vertical-align: baseline; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">图片版权</span><span style="border: 0px; color: #ececec; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.875rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.25px; line-height: 1.14286; margin: 0px; padding: 3px 8px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; text-transform: uppercase; background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6); bottom: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0px;">GETTY IMAGES</span></span><figcaption style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 16px; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible;"><span style="border: 0px !important; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px !important; vertical-align: baseline; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Image caption</span><span style="border: 0px; color: #ececec; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.33333; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; display: block;">刘霞抵达赫尔辛基机场，转机前往柏林。</span></figcaption></figure><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">刘霞的情况再次提醒我们，中国政府营造的恐惧感是超出中国国界的。最近一年我生活在美国，我发现那些生活在海外的中国人对中国政府的恐惧感更加浓厚和强烈，用我的话形容，他们是更加持久和忠实的恐惧感受虐者。有海外中国学人，听个谈论文革的讲座也会担心回国后遭到歧视和惩罚。见个批评过中国的西方学者，就觉得自己已经跟“西方反华势力”搞到一起去了，不时跟我念叨说回国以后要被喝茶。遇到这种情况，我往往会跟他们开玩笑，警告他们不要妖魔化中国政府。这玩笑里的实际意思是，中国政府的影响力的确遍布世界，但是也没有到掌控一切、知晓一切的程度。而且，有时候过分夸大中国政府能力，把它形容为法力无边往往会让自己陷入一种绝对的无力感和在精神上自我躲避，进入暗黑洞穴，更顺从地落入犬儒生活。</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">当然，成功营造恐惧，中国政府感首先还得靠实在的、强有力的政治手段。我总跟我的朋友黎学文开玩笑，说不会有人监听他电话，但是，只因为他去年在广东江门海边参加了祭奠刘晓波的活动就被抓捕。根据当时情况，朋友们怀疑他是被比监听电话更高级的技术人脸识别系统所捕获。</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">刘霞终于得到了一个公民应该有的一项基本权利，获准离开中国了。但是与我们所有中国人一样，现实的政治威胁，长期在高压的、毒化的政治氛围中生活已经在我们大脑里打造成坚实的精神枷锁，这无形枷锁还会紧紧禁锢着我们的言行。柏林，客西马尼Gethsemane church教堂，1989年10月9日那一天，那里走出的手持蜡烛的人们为柏林墙的倒塌起到重要作用。2018年7月13日星期五，刘晓波逝世周年追忆将在这里举行，他的遗孀刘霞近在咫尺却不能出席。对此，廖天琪说“刘霞不是身体虚弱而不能出席，而是她的弟弟刘晖仍在中国，她不愿意见到一些事情会发生。”对于刘霞和刘晖姐弟的选择，我完全理解，在过去和现在的中国现实中，几乎任何人都没法比他们做得更好。</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;">极权之掌，决胜千里之外，中国臣民，恐惧吞噬灵魂。</p><p style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;"><strong style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.75; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">（注：本文不代表BBC观点和立场）</strong></p>