<h1><img alt="安瓦尔（图左）被视为接替马来西亚总理马哈蒂尔（图右）的人选。" src="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/660/cpsprodpb/110F3/production/_103857896_hi049845954.jpg" width="976" height="549" data-highest-encountered-width="660" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; background-color: #111111; color: #bdbdbd; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; height: auto; max-width: 100%; user-select: none; width: 645.781px; display: block;" /></h1><div property="articleBody" style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, STHeiti, 华文黑体, "Microsoft YaHei", 微软雅黑, SimSun, 宋体, "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 53.7656px 0px auto; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #ffffff;"><figure style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 32px -54.2188px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #111111; clear: both;"><span style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; display: block; position: relative;"><span style="border: 0px !important; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px !important; vertical-align: baseline; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">图片版权</span><span style="border: 0px; color: #ececec; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.875rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.25px; line-height: 1.14286; margin: 0px; padding: 3px 8px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; text-transform: uppercase; background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6); bottom: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0px;">EPA</span></span><figcaption style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 16px; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible;"><span style="border: 0px !important; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px !important; vertical-align: baseline; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Image caption</span><span style="border: 0px; color: #ececec; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.33333; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; display: block;">安瓦尔（图左）被视为接替马来西亚总理马哈蒂尔（图右）的人选。</span></figcaption></figure><p style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 28px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">早前获马来西亚总理马哈蒂尔（Mahathir Mohamad）特赦的前副总理安瓦尔（Anwar Ibrahim；又译安华）在当地国会补选中取胜。今年71岁的安瓦尔未来有可能获马哈蒂尔交棒，成为下一任马来西亚总理。</p><p style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">当地选举委员会宣布，安瓦尔在周六（10月13日）举行的波德申区（Port Dickson）议席补选中取得71%的选票，成功取得议席。他将于周一（10月15日）宣誓就任。</p><p style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">马哈蒂尔1981至2003年第一次担任马来西亚总理时，曾委任安瓦尔进入自己的内阁，官至副总理。但两人后来不和，马哈蒂尔宣布解除安瓦尔的副总理及财政部长等所有职务，此后安瓦尔更因渎职和鸡奸等罪名遭起诉，最终被判入狱5年，今年5月获释。</p><p style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">但两人在今年马来西亚大选前夕和好，更成功在大选击败纳吉布（Najib Razak），实现当地自1957年马来亚联合邦成立、英国殖民时期结束以来的首次实现政党轮替。马哈蒂尔今年5月当选马来西亚总理后表示，他在执政两年后会交棒给安瓦尔，但前提是安瓦尔必须先重返国会。</p><figure style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 24px -24.6406px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #111111; clear: both;"><span style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; display: block; position: relative;"><img src="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/624/cpsprodpb/C2D3/production/_103857894_hi049938319.jpg" datasrc="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/320/cpsprodpb/C2D3/production/_103857894_hi049938319.jpg" alt="安瓦尔在补选中的得票远远高于对手。" width="976" height="549" data-highest-encountered-width="624" style="color: #bdbdbd; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; height: auto; max-width: 100%; user-select: none; width: 616.203px; transition: opacity 0.2s ease-in 0s; display: block;" /><span style="border: 0px !important; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px !important; vertical-align: baseline; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">图片版权</span><span style="border: 0px; color: #ececec; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.875rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.25px; line-height: 1.14286; margin: 0px; padding: 3px 8px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; text-transform: uppercase; background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6); bottom: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0px;">EPA</span></span><figcaption style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 16px; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible;"><span style="border: 0px !important; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px !important; vertical-align: baseline; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Image caption</span><span style="border: 0px; color: #ececec; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.33333; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; display: block;">安瓦尔在补选中的得票远远高于对手。</span></figcaption></figure><h2>“开明、改革派的穆斯林领袖”</h2><p style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">马来西亚非官方新闻网站“当今大马”（Malaysiakini）引述当地选举管理委员会的数字指，这次补选的投票率约58%，安瓦尔获得约三万票，远远领先其他对手。</p><p style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">安瓦尔取胜后向支持者发表讲话，表示他对结果十分高兴。他又透露他与马哈蒂尔通电话，对方表示对选举结果“十分满意”。</p><p style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">安瓦尔在讲话中强调“不会浪费选民的信任”。他又声言，改革不是“一朝一夕能完结的事情”，改革是“肃清和增加媒体的自由度、打击贪污”，同时改革当地政治文化。他表示，成为国会议员后，他会协助其他议员执行“有效率的改革”。</p><p style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">澳大利亚塔斯马尼亚大学（University of Tasmania）学者詹姆士‧钱（James Chin）认为，马哈蒂尔很快就会任命安瓦尔能自己的内阁去。他又说：“我敢保证，外界很快就会把这任马来西亚政府称为‘马哈蒂尔──安瓦尔政府’。”</p><p style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">马来西亚亚洲策略与领导研究院高级总监刘正洲认为，安瓦尔要成为下任马来西亚总理仍然有“一些挑战”，但他形容安瓦尔在国际舞台上是位“开明、改革派的穆斯林领袖”。他接受BBC中文访问时指出，安瓦尔在对待外国投资的态度会与马哈蒂尔十分不同。</p><p style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">马哈蒂尔上任后下令重新审视马来西亚许多基建项目，包括连接新加坡和马来西亚首都吉隆坡的新隆高铁，和一条连接吉隆坡和东海岸经济特区的“东岸铁路钱”。其中，“东岸铁路钱”获中国投资兴建，造价140亿美元，但马哈蒂尔指马来西亚不能负担这条铁路，更批评它“达不到任何目的，也不会给我们任何回报”。</p><p style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">刘正洲指出，马哈蒂尔再度竞选马来西亚总理时特别提到来自中国的投资。和他相比，如果安瓦尔当时也能竞逐总理，他会把焦点更多地放到前总理纳吉布涉嫌贪污的指控。刘正洲认为，安瓦尔在处理外来投资问题上“有更多的谈判空间”，不像马哈蒂尔般决断。</p><figure style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 24px -24.6406px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: #111111; clear: both;"><span style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; display: block; position: relative;"><img src="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/624/cpsprodpb/18623/production/_103857899_hi049628302.jpg" datasrc="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/320/cpsprodpb/18623/production/_103857899_hi049628302.jpg" alt="安瓦尔多年前被判鸡奸罪成，但马哈蒂尔5月当选马来西亚总理后不久，安瓦尔就获特赦。" width="976" height="549" data-highest-encountered-width="624" style="color: #bdbdbd; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; height: auto; max-width: 100%; user-select: none; width: 616.203px; transition: opacity 0.2s ease-in 0s; display: block;" /><span style="border: 0px !important; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px !important; vertical-align: baseline; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">图片版权</span><span style="border: 0px; color: #ececec; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.875rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.25px; line-height: 1.14286; margin: 0px; padding: 3px 8px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; text-transform: uppercase; background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6); bottom: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0px;">EPA</span></span><figcaption style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 16px; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible;"><span style="border: 0px !important; color: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px !important; vertical-align: baseline; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Image caption</span><span style="border: 0px; color: #ececec; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.33333; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; display: block;">安瓦尔多年前被判鸡奸罪成，但马哈蒂尔5月当选马来西亚总理后不久，安瓦尔就获特赦。</span></figcaption></figure><h2>从师徒到政敌再到盟友</h2><p style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">安瓦尔1993至1998年当马来西亚副总理时，曾被视为马哈蒂尔的接班人。马来西亚的经济1998年受亚洲金融风暴影响，每况愈下，兼任财政部长的副总理安瓦尔不仅与马哈蒂尔总理在经济政策方面意见不和，还因为经济衰退受到公众批评。</p><p style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">为保住总理位置，1998年9月1日，马哈蒂尔要求安瓦尔辞职。在安瓦尔拒绝辞职之后，马哈蒂尔以泄露国家机密、贪污和鸡奸罪名，宣布解除安瓦尔的副总理及财政部长等所有职务。</p><p style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">多次上诉后，<a href="https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/simp/world/2015/02/150210_malaysian_anwar" style="border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: #dcdcdc; border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; color: #222222; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.75; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(17, 103, 168, 0.3);">马来西亚联邦法院在2015年作出终审裁决</a>，并维持下级法庭原来决定，判囚五年，他当时重申自己清白，并指判决是试图阻止他参政的“政治阴谋”。</p><p style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.75; margin-top: 18px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">马哈蒂尔今年5月再度成为总理后，安瓦尔获得特赦，并在同月获得释放。波德申区的原国会议员达尼亚勒（Danyal Balagopal）9月辞职，制造补选，让安瓦尔有机会重返政坛。</p></div>