<p style="padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px; font-size: 19px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">在北京，美方谈判团队与中方进行了第八轮磋商。按照计划，刘鹤下周还要前往华盛顿继续谈。究竟是哪些因素让中美在不时“释放出积极信号”的同时，始终难以达成最后的共识？</span></p><div style="margin: 0px; padding: 7px 20px 10px 0px; float: none; width: 700px; clear: both; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; background-color: #ffffff;"><a href="https://www.dw.com/zh/%E4%B8%AD%E7%BE%8E%E8%B4%B8%E6%98%93%E7%A3%8B%E5%95%86%E8%B0%88%E4%BA%86%E5%85%AB%E8%BD%AE-%E7%A9%B6%E7%AB%9F%E5%8D%A1%E5%9C%A8%E5%93%AA%E4%BA%9B%E5%9C%B0%E6%96%B9/a-48112979#" link="/overlay/image/article/48112979/45623167" rel="nofollow" style="color: #0087eb; text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer;"><img itemprop="image" src="https://www.dw.com/image/45623167_303.jpg" title="USA China Symbolbild Wirtschaftskrieg (imago/C. Ohde)" alt="USA China Symbolbild Wirtschaftskrieg (imago/C. Ohde)" style="border-width: initial; border-style: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; width: 700px; height: auto;" /></a><p style="padding: 4px 0px; color: #888888; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; width: 720px;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">中美贸易谈判已经进行了八轮</span></p></div><div style="margin-bottom: 30px; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; background-color: #ffffff;"><div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: #3e3e3e; font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei";"><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">(德国中文网）美国贸易代表莱特希泽、财长姆努钦周四下午抵达北京。据中国官媒报道，双方举行了工作晚餐，然后周五全天进行磋商。</span></p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">姆努钦在北京时间周五下午发推特称，他和莱特希泽"在北京进行了具有建设性的贸易对话，期待下周在华盛顿与中国国家副总理刘鹤继续这个重要的讨论"。不过，目前双方均未公布谈判细节。</span></p><div style="margin: 0px; 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line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">据德新社援引观察家称，中国可能会同意，大幅增加对美国商品的进口。另外，华盛顿期待中国可以拿出举措，更好保护在华美企的知识产权，结束强制技术转让。</span></p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">《华尔街日报》援引知情人士称，中国"拟对外企开放云计算市场"，作为对美国的让步，该内容是双方探讨技术相关问题一揽子提议的一部分。而在本轮谈判开始前，路透社就在一篇报道中引述美国官员称，双方"在（避免）强制技术转让议题上取得了空前的进展"。</span></p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">正在海南参加博鳌亚洲论坛的周小川周五对媒体表示，他认为中美贸易谈判"正在出现越来越多的积极信号"。这位鳌亚洲论坛副理事长、中国人民银行原行长说，谈判以来，美国总统特朗普的推特以及媒体报道一直在引发公众情绪的转变，而"特朗普最近的推特释放出了积极的信号"。</span></p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">不过，特朗普在他最近几天的推特中并未提及中国或者美中贸易谈判。据CNBC报道，这位美国总统周四笼统地表示，与中国以及其他国家的贸易谈判进展地不错。</span></p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">然而迄今为止，美国仍保持着关税威胁作为谈判筹码，这让中美目前的博弈不得不继续下去。而习近平与特朗普在佛罗里达海湖庄园会面、签署"停战协议"，似乎也还要再等一段时间。</span></p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; font-size: 17px; color: #3e3e3e;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; font-size: 12pt; color: #3e3e3e;">事实上，种种迹象显示，中美贸易谈判进展地颇为艰难。即便是澎湃等中国媒体，也以《谈到现在有多艰难》为题，对此进行了报道。</span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; color: #000000;">"</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; color: #000000;">为一个单词交涉两个多小时</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; color: #000000;">"</span></p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">报道提到了谈判中的一段小插曲，称双方双方工作团队通过视频联系，"逐字逐句地就协议文本进行谈判"。在一次涉及农业问题的谈判时，双方在一个单词上"卡壳"，"因为这个单词的用法，两边在视频里争了两个多小时。到最后，这个单词还没谈拢，只能暂时搁下"。</span></p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">不过，报道中没有提及涉及的具体是哪个词，而将重点放在双方正在"一个字一个单词地争"。</span></p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; color: #000000;">中方担心被美方欺负</span></p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">《南华早报》也以</span><a href="https://www.scmp.com/news/china/diplomacy/article/3003597/lost-translation-how-verbal-mishaps-and-lack-chinese-language" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener" style="color: #0087eb; text-decoration-line: none; background: url("../cssi/i-solo-dwblue.png") 0px -2202px no-repeat; padding-left: 18px;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">"口头误会和缺少中文版文件正在威胁美中贸易谈判"</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt;">为题，讲述了120页的协议草案文本没有中文版本给谈判带来的障碍，造成了一些"不必要的误解"。报道同时也谈及影响谈判的另一个因素，中方"担忧被美方欺负"。</span></p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">报道援引华盛顿哥哈德逊研究所中国战略中心主任、美国谈判小组外部顾问白邦瑞（Michael Pillsbury）表示，"他们（中方）最担心的可能是，中国受到了欺负，做出了不恰当的让步。我们现在可以在中国媒体上看到这个论调"。</span></p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">这位美国智库专家提到了特朗普的经济顾问库德洛（Larry Kudlow）之前的爆料：库德洛在接受福克斯新闻采访时讲道，在谈判第一天进展艰难、第二天中断后，莱特希泽对斥责中方，要求其回到谈判桌。在接受CNBC采访时，库德洛也称，莱特希泽曾在一次会谈期间对刘鹤进行了严厉警告。</span></p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">白邦瑞认为，中国未来会表现得很强硬，不会接受美方的一些要求。</span></p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; color: #000000;">"</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; color: #000000;">百年耻辱</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; color: #000000;">"的阴影笼罩</span></p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">《纽约时报》周四的一篇文章也提到了"库德洛爆料"的插曲，文章以</span><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/27/us/politics/china-opium-wars-trade-talks.html" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener" style="color: #0087eb; text-decoration-line: none; background: url("../cssi/i-solo-dwblue.png") 0px -2202px no-repeat; padding-left: 18px;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">"鸦片战争的苦涩历史笼罩中美贸易谈判"为题</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt;">，讲述了中国担心被美方欺凌的心理。文章援引《帝国的黄昏–鸦片战争及中国最后的黄金时代的终结》一书的作者裴士锋(Stephen R. Platt)说，中国几乎每个人都知道"百年耻辱"，"对19世纪那段历史挥之不去的记忆，在很大程度上能解释中国对于建立一个更多按照中国条件行事的全球贸易秩序的渴望"。</span></p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">据英国《金融时报》周五报道，3月早些时候，"在协议草案上，中方谈判代表划掉一些美方以为在1月已经谈妥的内容"，中方发回的草案上面"用红笔作删除标记并写下替代条款"。报道称，刘鹤领导的中国谈判小组发回的"红线"文件"突显了他们迄今在抵制美国要求方面的成功，但即使是在不那么有争议的领域（例如增加购买美国出口产品和改善外国投资者的市场准入），也被证明难以达成一致"。</span></p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">《金融时报》的文章同样提到了，中方很担心会给外界留下屈服的印象，称在一月份北京的一场闭门会议上，"中国谈判小组的成员在会上警告称，如果他们向美国做出过多让步，他们可能被贴上'叛徒'标签"。</span></p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">那篇被多家媒体广泛转载的"为一个单词交涉两个多小时"的文章在结尾这样写道："在谈判这个阶段，得有点底线思维，做好谈不成的思想准备。谈得成很好，谈不成也不强求。"</span></p></div></div>