<p style="padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px; font-size: 19px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; background-color: #ffffff;">凌驾《基本法》的港版国安法共有66项条文，中央派驻的国安公署地位超然，“四宗罪”定义广泛模糊，管辖范围和对象无远弗届，连外国人在香港境外的行动也会受限。这条法例有哪10个争议点？</p><div id="sharing-bar" style="font-size: 0px; margin: 15px 0px 19px; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; background-color: #ffffff;"><span dir="ltr"><a dir="ltr" target="new" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fp.dw.com%2Fp%2F3ecKt%3Fmaca%3Dzh-Facebook-sharing" style="color: #0087eb; text-decoration-line: none; display: inline-block; width: 34px; height: 30px; margin: 0px 10px 10px 0px; background: url("../cssi/dw-social-icons-sprite.png") 0px -40px no-repeat; cursor: pointer;"></a> </span><span dir="ltr"><a dir="ltr" target="new" rel="nofollow" href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?source=webclient&text=https%3A%2F%2Fp.dw.com%2Fp%2F3ecKt%3Fmaca%3Dzh-Twitter-sharing+10%E4%B8%AA%E4%BA%89%E8%AE%AE%E7%82%B9%20%20%20%E4%B8%80%E6%96%87%E7%9C%8B%E6%87%82%E6%B8%AF%E7%89%88%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%89%E6%B3%95" style="color: #0087eb; text-decoration-line: none; display: inline-block; width: 34px; height: 30px; margin: 0px 10px 10px 0px; background: url("../cssi/dw-social-icons-sprite.png") 0px -80px no-repeat; cursor: pointer;"></a> </span><span dir="ltr"><a dir="ltr" target="new" rel="nofollow" href="mailto:?body=https%3A%2F%2Fp.dw.com%2Fp%2F3ecKt%3Fmaca%3Dzh-EMail-sharing&amp;subject=10%E4%B8%AA%E4%BA%89%E8%AE%AE%E7%82%B9%20%20%20%E4%B8%80%E6%96%87%E7%9C%8B%E6%87%82%E6%B8%AF%E7%89%88%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%89%E6%B3%95" style="color: #0087eb; text-decoration-line: none; display: inline-block; width: 34px; height: 30px; margin: 0px 10px 10px 0px; background: url("../cssi/dw-social-icons-sprite.png") 0px 0px no-repeat; cursor: pointer;"></a> </span><span dir="ltr"><a dir="ltr" target="new" rel="nofollow" href="https://lineit.line.me/share/ui?url=https%3A%2F%2Fp.dw.com%2Fp%2F3ecKt%3Fmaca%3Dzh-Line-sharing" style="color: #0087eb; text-decoration-line: none; display: inline-block; width: 34px; height: 30px; margin: 0px 10px 10px 0px; background: url("../cssi/dw-social-icons-sprite.png") 0px -560px no-repeat; cursor: pointer;"></a> </span><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; display: inline-block; width: 34px; height: 30px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; background: url("../cssi/dw-social-icons-sprite.png") 0px -160px no-repeat; cursor: pointer;"></p></div><div style="margin: 0px; padding: 7px 20px 10px 0px; float: none; width: 700px; clear: both; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; background-color: #ffffff;"><a href="https://www.dw.com/zh/10%E4%B8%AA%E4%BA%89%E8%AE%AE%E7%82%B9-%E4%B8%80%E6%96%87%E7%9C%8B%E6%87%82%E6%B8%AF%E7%89%88%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%89%E6%B3%95/a-54009495#" link="/overlay/image/article/54009495/54007810" rel="nofollow" style="color: #0087eb; text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer;"><img itemprop="image" src="https://www.dw.com/image/54007810_303.jpg" title="Hongkong | Tag des 23 Jubiläum der Übergabe an China: Carrie Lam mit Kopie des neuen Sicherheitsgesetzes (Getty Images/AFP/D. Suen)" alt="Hongkong | Tag des 23 Jubiläum der Übergabe an China: Carrie Lam mit Kopie des neuen Sicherheitsgesetzes (Getty Images/AFP/D. Suen)" style="border-width: initial; border-style: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; width: 700px; height: auto;" /></a><p style="padding: 4px 0px; color: #888888; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; width: 720px;"></p></div><div style="margin-bottom: 30px; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; background-color: #ffffff;"><div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: #3e3e3e; font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei";"><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">（德国之声中文网）北京不作咨询强推港版国安法，具体内容一直秘而不宣，香港回归23周年前夕才千呼万唤始出来。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">中国全国人大常委会周二（6月30日）早上以162票全票通过草案，傍晚由国家主席习近平签署主席令予以公布即日施行，直至晚上11时新华社公布法律全文，特区政府同时公布刋宪生效，外界才首次看到条文细节。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">这部法律被指从根本上颠覆香港法制及普通法原则，全文分6章丶共66项条文，中央机构地位超然，管辖范围和对象无远弗届，“四宗罪”的犯罪行为非常广泛，赋予港府及警方极大权力，末章第62条更列明国安法凌驾香港现行法律，解释权在全国人大常委会。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">德国之声整理出以下10个最具争议的范畴。</p><div style="margin: 0px; padding: 7px 20px 10px 0px; float: left; width: 340px;"><a href="https://www.dw.com/zh/10%E4%B8%AA%E4%BA%89%E8%AE%AE%E7%82%B9-%E4%B8%80%E6%96%87%E7%9C%8B%E6%87%82%E6%B8%AF%E7%89%88%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%89%E6%B3%95/a-54009495#" link="/overlay/image/article/54009495/19052833" rel="nofollow" style="color: #0087eb; text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer;"><img itemprop="image" src="https://www.dw.com/image/19052833_404.jpg" title="China Hongkong Protest verschwundene Buchhändler (picture-alliance/dpa/J. Favre)" alt="China Hongkong Protest verschwundene Buchhändler (picture-alliance/dpa/J. Favre)" style="border-width: initial; border-style: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; width: 340px; height: auto;" /></a></div><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; color: #000000;">1. 合法“送中”</span></p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">国安罪行可以“送中”审判。根据第55条及第56条，驻港国安公署可对三种情况实施管辖权，包括：一）案件涉及外国或者境外势力介入；二）出现特区政府无法有效执行国安法的严重情况；三）国安面临重大现实威胁。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">如符合以上条件，经特区政府或国安公署提出，并报中央政府批准，公署即可对有关案件行使管辖权。这意味着公署可以单方面启动有关程序，港府没有反对权。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">国安公署接手调查案件后，会由中国最高人民检察院检控，中国最高人民法院审讯。立案侦查丶审查起诉丶审判和刑罚的执行等诉讼程序，将按《中华人民共和国刑事诉讼法》等法律规定。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; color: #000000;">2. 涵盖全世界、外国人</span></p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">港版国安法连香港境外的外国人也管辖在内。根据第36条丶第37条及第38条，在香港境内丶在港注册船舶或航空器内、或在香港境外犯法，都受本法所限；规管对象除了香港永久性居民或香港成立的公司及团体外，也包括非香港永久性居民。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">换言之，条例包罗全世界所有国籍的人，如果有外国人在海外推动港独丶台独等，只要入境香港即可被捕及检控。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; font-size: 17px; color: #3e3e3e;"><br />普通法有“无罪推定”原则，香港法例规定警方只能扣留疑犯48小时，然后将其释放丶保释（bail offer），或送到裁判法院提堂。除非法官有充分理由相信疑犯有机会再犯或弃保潜逃等，否则应予保释。</span>3. 不予保释丶秘密审判丶免陪审团</span></p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">但港版国安法推翻这个原则，第42条规定，除非法官有“充分理由”相信其不会继续危害国家安全，否则不予保释。这意味着，任何人一旦被捕，或会像中国内地的一套，被羁押至案件审结为止。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">此外，国安案件可以秘密审判。第44条规定，因涉及国家秘密丶公共秩序等情形不宜公开审理的，禁止新闻界和公众旁听全部或者一部分审理程序。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">国安法罪行最高可囚终身，如此重刑却可豁免陪审团。第46条指明，律政司可以基于保护国家机密丶案件有涉外因素丶保障陪审员及其家人人身安全等理由，豁免陪审团要求，并由三名法官组成审判庭。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; color: #000000;">4. 国安公署享特权</span></p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">中央人民政府在港设立维护国家安全公署（国安公署），人员由中央政府有关机关联合派出，经费由中央财政保障。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">公署拥有极大实权，可架空香港本地司法自行办案。第49条列明其职责包括：一）分析研判香港维护国家安全形势，就重大战略和重要政策提意见；二）监督丶指导丶协调丶支持香港履行国安职责；三）收集分析国安情报；四）依法办理危害国安的案件。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">国安公署有超然地位，第50条虽然指公署要“依法接受国家监察机关的监督”，但没有着墨要接受哪个机关监督丶如何监督及相关机制，该条指公署“须遵守全国性法律”，但只是“应当”遵守香港特别行政区法律，引起外界忧虑。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">此外，公署在港享有多项特权。第60条及第61条列明，国安公署享有香港法律规定的其他权利和豁免，执行职务时不受特区政府管辖，其人员及车辆不受香港执法人员检查丶搜查和扣押。公署履行职责时，特区政府部门须提供“必要的便利和配合”，妨碍有关执行职务的行为会被制止及追究。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; color: #000000;">5. 国安委不容司法覆核</span></p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">香港政府要成立维护国家安全委员会（国安委），由行政长官担任主席，成员包括政务司长丶财政司长丶律政司长丶保安局局长及警务处处长等，要接受中央的监督和问责。国家安全事务顾问则由中央政府指派，就香港国安委履行职责相关事务提供意见，国安事务顾问列席香港国安委会议。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">其职责包括：分析丶研判香港维护国家安全形势，规划有关工作，制定香港维护国家安全政策；推进香港维护国家安全的法律制度和执行机制建设；协调香港维护国家安全的重点工作和重大行动。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">值得留意的是，第14条规定国安委的工作“不受香港任何其他机构丶组织和个人的干涉”，工作信息不予公开，由国安委作出的决定不受司法覆核。</p><div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei";"><div style="width: 720px; float: left;"><div data-id="53997010" data-title="从“二十三条”到“港版国安法”" data-date="20200630" data-firstcategory="19990027" style="float: left; width: 700px; height: auto; margin: 0px 0px 30px; background-color: #000000; position: static !important;"><ul style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style: inside none; overflow: hidden; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; position: relative; width: 700px; height: 612.42px;"><li style="background-image: url("../cssi/list-blip.png"); background-position: 1px 10px; background-size: initial; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; opacity: 1; min-height: 544px; display: block; top: 0px; left: 0px; z-index: 7;"><div style="float: left; position: relative; width: 700px; height: 394px; overflow: hidden; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; background-color: #111111; clear: both; top: 0px; left: 0px; z-index: 10; cursor: pointer;"><img itemprop="image" src="https://www.dw.com/image/39469139_303.jpg" title="Timeline 20 Jahre Hongkong 1997 (Reuters/D. Martinez)" alt="Timeline 20 Jahre Hongkong 1997 (Reuters/D. Martinez)" style="width: 700px;" /></div><div style="position: relative; left: 0px; bottom: 0px; z-index: 11; width: 700px; margin: 0px; padding: 15px; box-sizing: border-box; float: left; height: auto; min-height: 150px;"><div></div><h4>从“二十三条”到“港版国安法”</h4><h2>《基本法》埋雷</h2><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: #bbbbbb; font-size: 16px; line-height: 20px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; width: auto;">香港《基本法》在上世纪80年代起草时，北京方面就出于香港可能成为“颠覆基地”的担忧，写入了“香港特别行政区应自行立法禁止任何叛国、分裂国家、煽动叛乱、颠覆中央人民政府及窃取国家机密的行为”之词句，并禁止香港政治性组织与外国的政治性组织建立联系。1997年英国将香港主权交还中国之后，北京方面多次表态希望香港尽快就此“自行立法”。</p></div></li></ul><br /><div style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; height: 40px;"><div style="position: relative; z-index: 100; left: 6px; bottom: 0px; width: 678.991px; overflow: hidden;"><div style="float: right;"><a rel="nofollow" style="color: #888888; 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font-weight: bold; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei", sans-serif;">3</a><a href="https://www.dw.com/zh/10%E4%B8%AA%E4%BA%89%E8%AE%AE%E7%82%B9-%E4%B8%80%E6%96%87%E7%9C%8B%E6%87%82%E6%B8%AF%E7%89%88%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%89%E6%B3%95/a-54009495#" id="p3" style="color: #888888; text-decoration-line: none; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; padding: 4px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-weight: bold; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei", sans-serif;">4</a><a href="https://www.dw.com/zh/10%E4%B8%AA%E4%BA%89%E8%AE%AE%E7%82%B9-%E4%B8%80%E6%96%87%E7%9C%8B%E6%87%82%E6%B8%AF%E7%89%88%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%89%E6%B3%95/a-54009495#" id="p4" style="color: #888888; text-decoration-line: none; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; padding: 4px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-weight: bold; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei", sans-serif;">5</a><a href="https://www.dw.com/zh/10%E4%B8%AA%E4%BA%89%E8%AE%AE%E7%82%B9-%E4%B8%80%E6%96%87%E7%9C%8B%E6%87%82%E6%B8%AF%E7%89%88%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%89%E6%B3%95/a-54009495#" id="p5" style="color: #888888; text-decoration-line: none; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; padding: 4px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-weight: bold; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei", sans-serif;">6</a><a href="https://www.dw.com/zh/10%E4%B8%AA%E4%BA%89%E8%AE%AE%E7%82%B9-%E4%B8%80%E6%96%87%E7%9C%8B%E6%87%82%E6%B8%AF%E7%89%88%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%89%E6%B3%95/a-54009495#" id="p6" style="color: #888888; text-decoration-line: none; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; padding: 4px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-weight: bold; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei", sans-serif;">7</a></span></div></div></div></div></div><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; color: #000000;">6. 罪行广泛含糊</span></p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">国安法“四宗罪”包括：分裂国家丶颠覆国家政权丶恐怖活动丶勾结外国或者境外势力危害国家安全。四类罪行的最高刑罚都是终身监禁，但罪行的定义非常广泛。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;"><em>“分裂国家罪”</em>行为包括：一）分离香港或中国任何一部分；二）非法改变香港或中国任何一部分的法律地位；三）将香港或中国任何一部分归为外国统治；四）煽动丶协助丶教唆或以财产资助上述行为者亦属犯罪。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">法例没有列明要使用武力才属实质分裂国家行为，变相举港独旗或者叫“香港独立”已堕法网。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;"><em>“颠覆国家政权罪”</em>行为包括：一）推翻丶破坏中国宪法确立的根本制度；二）推翻中央或香港特别行政区政权；三）严重干扰丶阻挠丶破坏中央或香港特别行政区机关依法履行职能；四）攻击丶破坏香港特别行政区机关场所，使其无法履行职能；五）煽动丶协助丶教唆或以财产资助上述行为者亦属犯罪。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">法例涵盖范围极广，立法会议员拉布丶示威者冲撃立法会大楼丶阻碍警员执法已有机会犯法。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;"><em>“恐怖活动罪”</em>的行为包括：一）针对他人的严重暴力；二）爆炸丶纵火丶使用生化武器；三). 破坏交通工具或设施丶电力丶煤气或其他易燃易爆设备；四)严重干扰丶破坏水丶电丶煤丶交通丶通讯丶网络等公共设施；五)其他危险方法；六)为恐怖团体丶人员或活动实施提供协助，包括武器丶培训丶资金丶运输丶场所丶信息等，或制作炸弹或生化武器；七). 宣扬丶煽动恐怖主义。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">换言之，堵路示威丶破坏地铁站已属违法，而活动一旦被定性为恐怖活动，在网上发放现场信息丶借出场地丶接载参加者或捐款，都可被视为犯罪。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;"><em>“勾结外国或者境外势力危害国家安全罪”</em>的行为包括：一）对中国发动战争或以武力威胁中国主权和统一；二）对特区或中央制定政策带来严重阻挠，并可能带来严重后果；三）操控或破坏香港选举；四）对特区政府或中央进行制裁丶封锁或其他敌对行动；五）通过非法方式引发特区政府或中央政府憎恨并可能造成严重后果。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">其中第五项引起最多讨论，法律没有解释如何界定非法/合法丶自发/被引发丶何谓憎恨和严重后果。有民众质疑，这不只是以言入罪，更是“情绪入罪”。</p><div style="margin: 0px; padding: 7px 20px 10px; float: right; width: 340px;"><a href="https://www.dw.com/zh/10%E4%B8%AA%E4%BA%89%E8%AE%AE%E7%82%B9-%E4%B8%80%E6%96%87%E7%9C%8B%E6%87%82%E6%B8%AF%E7%89%88%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%89%E6%B3%95/a-54009495#" link="/overlay/image/article/54009495/54007768" rel="nofollow" style="color: #0087eb; text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer;"><img itemprop="image" src="https://www.dw.com/image/54007768_404.jpg" title="Hongkong | Pro-Democracy Proteste am Tag des 23 Jubiläum der Übergabe an China (Getty Images/A. Kwan)" alt="Hongkong | Pro-Democracy Proteste am Tag des 23 Jubiläum der Übergabe an China (Getty Images/A. Kwan)" style="border-width: initial; border-style: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; width: 340px; height: auto;" /></a></div><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; color: #000000;">7. 警权无限大</span></p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">港版国安法高度扩张香港警方权力，被指侵犯现行香港法律的私隐权和缄默权。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">第43条列明，警务处设立维护国家安全部门办理国安案件，可以搜查处所丶车辆丶船只丶航空器及电子设备等，并没有表明需要“法庭手令”及“合理怀疑”的前提。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">此外，警方可没收疑犯的旅游证件及限制出境，冻结丶没收及充公财产，要求信息发布人或服务商移除信息及提供协作，要求外国或境外组织及人员提供资料，经行政长官批准截取通讯及作秘密监察，以及要求回答问题及提供资料或物料。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; color: #000000;">8. 追溯期语焉不详</span></p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">外界关心官方会否藉港版国安法，清算民主派及独派人士。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">条文第39条规定，“本法施行以后的行为，适用本法定罪处刑”，意即不具追溯力。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">不过，中国官方新华社7月1日刊出题为“香港国安法涉及罪行和刑罚问题的条款不溯及既往”的文章，引述“专家解释”指，中国有关刑事法律在溯及力问题上，坚持“从旧兼从轻”原则，但“若有关行为根据《中华人民共和国刑法》和香港现行法律同样构成犯罪时，如香港国安法对该罪处刑较轻时，则适用香港国安法”。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">这一句令不设追溯期埋下变数，引起社会疑虑。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; color: #000000;">9. 鼓励告密</span></p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">国安法被指开启告密时代。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">第33条规定，揭发他人犯罪行为或提供重要线索侦破案件者，可获轻判甚至免除处罚。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; color: #000000;">10. 授权港府操控学校丶网络丶媒体</span></p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">学术自由丶言论自由和新闻自由将受进一步冲击。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">虽然港版国安法第4条提及，要依法保护香港居民根据《基本法》丶《公民权利和政治权利国际公约》丶《经济丶社会与文化权利的国际公约》所享有的言论丶新闻丶出版丶结社丶集会丶游行丶示威等权利和自由。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">然而，第9条及第10条规定，特区政府对学校丶社会团体丶媒体丶网络等涉及国家安全的事宜，应当采取“必要措施”，包括加强宣传丶指导丶监督和管理，并要在上述范畴上展开国家安全教育，提高香港居民的国安意识及守法意识。</p><div style="float: right; 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