<p style="padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px; font-size: 19px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; background-color: #ffffff;">据德国《星期日世界报》报道，在接下来的不久的时间里，德国各大移动网络服务提供商将陆续放弃在核心网中使用华为的5G设备。这意味着德国会彻底放弃华为的5G技术吗？</p><div id="sharing-bar" style="font-size: 0px; margin: 15px 0px 19px; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; background-color: #ffffff;"><span dir="ltr"><a dir="ltr" target="new" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fp.dw.com%2Fp%2F3lKM0%3Fmaca%3Dzh-Facebook-sharing" style="color: #0087eb; text-decoration-line: none; display: inline-block; width: 34px; height: 30px; margin: 0px 10px 10px 0px; background: url("../cssi/dw-social-icons-sprite.png") 0px -40px no-repeat; cursor: pointer;"></a> </span><span dir="ltr"><a dir="ltr" target="new" rel="nofollow" href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?source=webclient&text=https%3A%2F%2Fp.dw.com%2Fp%2F3lKM0%3Fmaca%3Dzh-Twitter-sharing+%E5%BE%B7%E5%AA%92%EF%BC%9A%E5%8D%8E%E4%B8%BA%E5%B0%86%E5%BD%BB%E5%BA%95%E9%80%80%E5%87%BA%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD5G%E6%A0%B8%E5%BF%83%E7%BD%91" style="color: #0087eb; text-decoration-line: none; display: inline-block; width: 34px; height: 30px; margin: 0px 10px 10px 0px; background: url("../cssi/dw-social-icons-sprite.png") 0px -80px no-repeat; cursor: pointer;"></a> </span><span dir="ltr"><a dir="ltr" target="new" rel="nofollow" href="mailto:?body=https%3A%2F%2Fp.dw.com%2Fp%2F3lKM0%3Fmaca%3Dzh-EMail-sharing&amp;subject=%E5%BE%B7%E5%AA%92%EF%BC%9A%E5%8D%8E%E4%B8%BA%E5%B0%86%E5%BD%BB%E5%BA%95%E9%80%80%E5%87%BA%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD5G%E6%A0%B8%E5%BF%83%E7%BD%91" style="color: #0087eb; text-decoration-line: none; display: inline-block; width: 34px; height: 30px; margin: 0px 10px 10px 0px; background: url("../cssi/dw-social-icons-sprite.png") 0px 0px no-repeat; cursor: pointer;"></a> </span><span dir="ltr"><a dir="ltr" target="new" rel="nofollow" href="https://lineit.line.me/share/ui?url=https%3A%2F%2Fp.dw.com%2Fp%2F3lKM0%3Fmaca%3Dzh-Line-sharing" style="color: #0087eb; text-decoration-line: none; display: inline-block; width: 34px; height: 30px; margin: 0px 10px 10px 0px; background: url("../cssi/dw-social-icons-sprite.png") 0px -560px no-repeat; cursor: pointer;"></a> </span><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; display: inline-block; width: 34px; height: 30px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; background: url("../cssi/dw-social-icons-sprite.png") 0px -160px no-repeat; cursor: pointer;"></p></div><div style="margin: 0px; padding: 7px 20px 10px 0px; float: none; width: 700px; clear: both; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; background-color: #ffffff;"><a href="https://www.dw.com/zh/%E5%BE%B7%E5%AA%92%E5%8D%8E%E4%B8%BA%E5%B0%86%E5%BD%BB%E5%BA%95%E9%80%80%E5%87%BA%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD5g%E6%A0%B8%E5%BF%83%E7%BD%91/a-55608668#" link="/overlay/image/article/55608668/54599693" rel="nofollow" style="color: #0087eb; text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer;"><img itemprop="image" src="https://static.dw.com/image/54599693_303.jpg" title="Huawei Deutschland Zentrale (picture-alliance/dpa/R. Vennenbernd)" alt="Huawei Deutschland Zentrale (picture-alliance/dpa/R. Vennenbernd)" style="border-width: initial; border-style: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; width: 700px; height: auto;" /></a><p style="padding: 4px 0px; color: #888888; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; width: 720px;">华为驻杜塞尔多夫德国总部</p></div><div style="margin-bottom: 30px; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: medium; background-color: #ffffff;"><div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: #3e3e3e; font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei";"><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">（德国之声中文网）如果报道属实，就意味着德国政府官方虽然没有像美国及其部分盟国一样宣布禁用华为5G设备，但各大网络提供商自己已经做出了在构建核心网时抛弃华为5G技术的决定。 </p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">《星期日世界报》在11月15日发表的报道中指出，华为在德国的5G核心网络中将不再扮演任何角色。虽然与此相关的讨论正在德国的政治层面上展开，但是各大网络运营方已经各自做出了决定。 </p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">报道称，已经掌握的消息显示德国沃达丰（Vodafone）集团已经彻底去除了移动通讯核心网络中的华为设备和技术。同时根据德国电信总裁赫特格斯(Tim Höttges)的表态，该公司将于2020年年底前完成这一步。</p><div style="float: right; width: 720px;"><div><div data-media-id="51719672" style="position: relative; float: left; width: 700px; height: auto; margin: 10px 20px 20px 0px;"><div data-media-id="51719672" style="flex: 1 1 0%; width: 700px; position: relative;"><div style="float: none; position: relative; width: 700px; height: 394px; overflow: hidden; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; background-color: #111111; clear: both; top: 0px; left: 0px; z-index: 10;"><div id="videoContainer-517196720" tabindex="0" aria-label="播放器" role="application" style="overflow: hidden; color: inherit; background-color: #000000; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; float: none; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1em; list-style: none; vertical-align: baseline; direction: ltr; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0); width: 700px; position: relative; min-height: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; 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font-size: 14px; line-height: 40px; font-family: "Arial bold", sans-serif; color: #bbbbbb; float: right; margin-right: 20px;">02:11</span></div></div></div><div style="position: relative; left: 0px; bottom: 0px; z-index: 11; width: 700px; margin: 0px; padding: 15px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: #000000;"><h2>华为的危机感</h2></div></div></div></div></div><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">《星期日世界报》指出，沃达丰和德国电信在核心移动网路中全面放弃华为的同时，德国另一大电信公司Telefónica的核心网络中仍然使用了华为的设备和技术。但是该公司将于2021年启动自身的独立5G系统，而提供核心网络技术将不再是华为，而是其瑞典的竞争者爱立信。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">根据德国统计网站Statista的数据，沃达丰、德国电信和Telefónica目前在德国移动通讯领域的市场份额接近100%。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; color: #000000;">核心网和外围网</span></p><div style="margin: 0px; padding: 7px 20px 10px 0px; float: left; width: 340px;"><a href="https://www.dw.com/zh/%E5%BE%B7%E5%AA%92%E5%8D%8E%E4%B8%BA%E5%B0%86%E5%BD%BB%E5%BA%95%E9%80%80%E5%87%BA%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD5g%E6%A0%B8%E5%BF%83%E7%BD%91/a-55608668#" link="/overlay/image/article/55608668/54218853" rel="nofollow" style="color: #0087eb; text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer;"><img itemprop="image" src="https://static.dw.com/image/54218853_404.jpg" title="Carsten Senz, Head of Corporate Communications von Huawei in Deutschland (Huawei)" alt="Carsten Senz, Head of Corporate Communications von Huawei in Deutschland (Huawei)" style="border-width: initial; border-style: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; width: 340px; height: auto;" /></a><p style="padding: 4px 0px; color: #888888; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei";">宋可腾(Carsten Senz):华为之前在德国就没有参与核心网路的构建</p></div><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">仔细观察，会发现《星期日世界报》报道的消息其实并不新。在过去一年多有关华为的争议中，德国各大电信运营商就一直强调，华为的设备原则上主要运用于外周网(比如移动基站)，在核心网中很少使用。《星期日世界报》的报道只是更加明确了德国核心移动网络彻底告别华为技术的时间表。华为德国公关部主任宋可腾(Carsten Senz)确认了这一说法，指出之前华为在德国就没有参与核心网路的构建。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">华为曾向德国之声表示，该公司向全球各国提供的5G技术大多被用在移动通讯基站和天线发射装备，不涉及到数据的存储和处理，所以不涉及所谓数据安全和间谍的问题。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">但同时5G网络模糊了外围网与核心网之间的界限，如今华为的5G基站也具备一定的直接处理、转发数据的能力，而不必像以往那样完全依赖服务器机房中的所谓"核心网设备"。这意味着，即便是移动基站，在5G时代也完全可以被定义为"安全攸关设施"。同时宋可腾特别指出，如今欧洲的设备技术提供方，已经大幅度参与到中国５G核心网络的建设。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;"><span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; color: #000000;">技术审查之外的风险鉴定</span></p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">目前，德国内政部下属的联邦信息安全署(BSI)负责对5G网络设备进行技术层面的安全审查，确保投用的设备中不含"后门"程序等安全隐患。而根据今年１０月德广联曝光的联邦政府新计划，今后，关键设备还要经受政治审核。内政部、外交部、经济部将负责联合评估总体政治局势，并且由总理府直属的德国联邦情报局(BND, 德国的对外情报机关)对具体的政治风险进行鉴定。</p><p style="font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px; font-family: "MS Song", "MS Hei"; padding: 0px 40px 12px 0px;">简而言之，今后华为是否能参与某一德国境内的5G建设项目，将很大程度上取决于德国联邦情报局的政治判断：中国当局借助5G网络来窃听德国通信的概率有多大？近年来，德国联邦情报局已经多次表达过对华为参与德国通信网络建设的忧虑。该机构指出，所有的中国企业都摆脱不了中国政府以及中国共产党的影响。华为则一直坚称自己为一家普通的中国企业，没有任何官方背景。</p></div></div>